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The War for Independence
- 2. 2 Where Did the Major Battles Take Place? In the Middle and Southern Colonies
- 3. 3 Compare and Contrast War Then • What types of weapons were used back then? War Now • What types of weapons are used in war today? Weapons were not very accurate Hand-to-hand fighting Horses Messengers on horseback Modern weapons Tanks and other motor vehicles Airplanes Modern communications technology
- 4. 4 The First BAttles The Continental Army struggled in the first battles. They won battles in New Jersey, and lost battles in New York City and Philadelphia.
- 5. 5 The Battle of Saratoga - June 1777 ● General Burgoyne ○ 8,000 British troops marched south from Canada to invade America ○ They planned to join up with two other British army groups ● General Gates
- 6. Bringing 3 Armies Together 6 1. The first army was beaten 2. The second army was delayed 3. Only the third army arrived at Albany, alone and with few supplies
- 7. 7 Stupendous American victory at Saratoga - first time they beat such a large army France realizes that Americans might actually win, and decides to support the American cause with money, troops, and equipment Cause Effect The Effect of the Battle of Saratoga - October 1777
- 9. 9 Soldiers were hungry, cold, depressed 2,000 of 12,000 soldiers died Some soldiers deserted Others stayed on Cause Effect The Effect of the Winter at Valley Forge
- 10. 10 France began to aid the Patriots Soldiers were encouraged by his leadership Cause Effect Spring at Valley Forge Lafayette joined Washington (age 19) Von Steuben joined Washington Army got better supplies Soldiers got better military training
- 11. 11 The Battle of Yorktown - October 1781 11 British Surrender Lord Cornwallis surrenders to the Americans This is the last major battle of the Revolution British camped in Yorktown, VA • Lord Cornwallis has 9,000 soldiers • Depended on the British Navy to supply him with men and supplies by water. British Under Siege • French navy cuts off access to the sea • Washington encircles Cornwallis and bombards him for 3 weeks, day and night
- 12. The Battlefield 12 Play chapter 5 and 8 from the video playlist (click on the map)
- 13. 13 When Parliament heard the news one month later, Lord North said, “Oh God, it’s all over!”
- 14. 14 The Treaty of Paris - 1783 Britain acknowledged the United States as a free country Promised to withdraw all troops
Editor's Notes
- Lafayette spent his own money on uniforms and muskets for the men, and lived among them during the coldest part of the winter. The Prussian drill techniques he shared were far more advanced than those of other European armies, let alone those of the ragtag Patriots. The ego-crushing methods of modern boot camp were practiced among the shoeless soldiers of Valley Forge with remarkable efficacy. Most important for 18th-century battle was an efficient method of firing and reloading weapons, which von Steuben forced the Patriots to practice until it became second nature