The document summarizes a student's research project on how recessions affect airline passengers. The student first defines a recession and explores how it impacts the economy and aviation sector. Cost-cutting measures by airlines are discussed, such as staff reductions and flight cancellations. The student then analyzes how these measures can negatively affect passengers through issues like poor customer service, increased fees, and reduced safety precautions. Ultimately, the student concludes that while airlines must cut costs, measures taken should not compromise passenger safety.

1. RESEARCH PROJECT Unit - 10

2. FRANKFINN INSTITUTE OF AIR HOSTESS TRAINING Research Undertaken in Aviation or Hospitality or Travel. Assignment Title Nasik Center A4 Batch Unit No: 10 Title: Research Project Unit Mohit Mohan Koyande Learner Name BTEC HNC in Aviation, Hospitality and Travel Management Course Title

3. TASK - I

4. RECESSION AND PASSENGERS Criteria Covered – P1a

5. Does Recession Affect The Passengers? Criteria Covered – P1a

6. Justification of The Topic The Global Economy is facing the situation of Recession. There is slump in market, the stock market is falling, unemployment is increasing etc. The aviation sector is also hit by Recession. But, the question which came into my mind was “ Does Recession affect The Passengers?”. I become eager to know, that if yes then how, and that’s why I chose this topic for my Research Project.

7. Criteria Covered – P1b TASK - I

8. The methodology I have used for doing research was Existing data. I used this methodology because of the following reasons: Methodology It provides a Larger and Higher-Quality Database. It becomes Easier to Compare the data, as this methodology provides Large Database. It’s Inexpensive. It’s not Time Consuming.

9. TASK - I Criteria Covered – P1c

10. Action Plan

11. TASK - I Criteria Covered – P1d

12. Code of Ethics The Contents of the Project should be based on Proper Findings. Will Monitor the Progress of the Project. Have Discussions about the Project with the Faculty. Completion of the Project in the Allotted Time. Always Stick to the Code of Ethics.

13. TASK - 2 Criteria Covered – P2a

14. Sources of Data Existing Data Primary Source Secondary Source Discussion with Aviation Faculty Newspaper Magazine Internet

15. TASK - 2 Criteria Covered – P2b

16. How It Helped me? How Primary Source Helped me? My primary source of data was “Discussion with the Aviation Faculty”. She helped me in sorting out the correct data and she also gave me tips which were very useful for the assignment. She also helped me in reviews of my assignment. How Secondary Source Helped me? Secondary Source helped me to find out the data which was required for the completion of the assignment. It also helped me to compare all the data and convert it into useful information.

17. TASK - 3 Criteria Covered P3a, P3b, P3c & P3d

18. Review Schedule Submission 1-Sep 2009 Completion of P1a,b,c,d, P2a,b & P3a,b,c,d 26-Aug 2009 20-Aug 2009 Presentation 31-Aug 2009 2nd Review 25-Aug 2009 How Does It Affect the Economy? 19-Aug 2009 Corrections 30-Aug 2009 24-Aug 2009 What is Recession? 18-Aug 2009 Final Review 29-Aug 2009 How does it is affecting the Passengers? 23-Aug 2009 1st Review 17-Aug 2009 28-Aug 2009 What is Cost Cutting? 22-Aug 2009 16-Aug 2009 P4a,b,c,d 27-Aug 2009 How Does It Affect Aviation Sector? 21-Aug 2009 Topic Selection and Hypothesis 15-Aug 2009 Task Date Task Date Task Date

19. TASK - 4 Criteria Covered P4a, P4b, P4c & P4d

20. A Year Ago, the world was in the phase of prosperity and this phase is characterized by high economic activities and increasing production, employment, profit, national income, investment, wages and volume of bank credit. But, now everything is changed and the world is facing Recession. Recession is a general slowdown in economic activity for a sustained period of time. So, will know how recession affect the Economy, the Aviation Sector and The Passengers. Introduction

21. I would like to express my gratitude to all those who gave me the possibility to complete this assignment. It includes: Frankfinn Institute of Air Hostess Training, Centre Head, Training Coordinator Arlene Alves Mrs. Amrita Apte My Family, And at last all those who directly or indirectly helped me for completion of my assignment. Acknowledgement

22. Research Proposal and Hypothesis

23. Does Recession Affect The Passengers? Some Related Questions 1. What is Recession? 2. How Does It Affect the Economy? 3. How Does It Affect Aviation Sector? 4. What is Cost Cutting? 5. How does it is affecting the Passengers?

24. Analysis, Interpretation and Presentation of Findings

25. What is Recession?

26. What is Recession? In economics, a Recession is a general Slowdown in Economic Activity over a Sustained Period of Time. Production as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Employment, Investment Spending, Capacity Utilization, Household Incomes and Business Profits all fall during Recessions.

27. How Does It Affect the Economy?

28. How Does It Affect the Economy? Slump in the Market - Consumer lack the necessary money due to unemployment and cannot buy goods available in the market. - Goods and services are difficult to be sold as the purchasing power of the people comes down.

29. How Does It Affect the Economy? Stock prices Comes Down - The Industrial Production is badly affected as investors avoid investing in companies that might suffer losses during recession. - Bigger companies are able to withstand the setbacks but smaller companies have a tough time and some may end up closing down.

30. How Does It Affect the Economy? Increase in Unemployment People are thrown out of jobs. They are left in the lurch. Many goods and services are not within their reach.

31. How Does It Affect the Economy? National Debts on the Rise Increase in National Debts means Less Money can be spent by the Government on Development. Money gets diverted in bailing out Companies.

32. How Does It Affect the Economy? Bankruptcies Bankruptcy is a legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay its creditors.

33. How Does It Affect Aviation Sector?

34. How Does It Affect Aviation Sector? Aviation Turbine Fuel Prices Increasing. Prices of Air Tickets are Rising. Mergers and Acquisitions. Sacking of Employees. Cancellations of Flights on some routes. Decline in the Rate of People Traveling by Air. Many Cost Cutting Measures are Taken by Airlines. Many Airlines are Facing Losses.

35. What is Cost Cutting?

36. What is Cost Cutting? Cost Cutting refers to the Reduction of the Amount of Money spent on the Operations of an Organization or on the Provision of Products and services. Cost-cutting measures such as budget reductions, salary freezes, and staff redundancies may be taken by an organization at a time of recession or financial difficulty or in situations where inefficiency has been identified.

37. How Does It is Affecting The Passengers?

38. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers? Poor Customer service Due to cost cutting measures undertaken by the Airlines like sacking of employees, and the left employees will be overworked. So, the Passengers will be at loss as they will not get a proper customer service because of lack of employees.

39. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers? Overweight Passengers at Loss Overweight Passengers now could be at loss as these passenger might be charged as per rates two seats few International Airlines.

40. Charged for using the Lavatory As part of Cost-Cutting efforts by some airlines, the passengers may soon be charged for using things which were not charged earlier, like lavatory. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers?

41. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers? Prefer Traveling Through Other Means of Transport If fares are hiked then people would prefer traveling by other means of transport like, Train or Bus or engage a Car Rental.

42. No Precautions taken at Airports for Swine Flu Again, because of Cost Cutting no precautions were taken at airports for testing that has lead to spread of Swine Flu from one country to another. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers?

43. Passenger Life at Risk Cutting Cost may also sometimes put the life of the Passengers at Risk, as the low manpower in the Maintenance Department may lead to overworking of available employees resulting in Faulty Maintenance. How Does It is Affecting the Passengers?

44. Concluding Summary

45. Does Recession Affect The Passengers? Yes, Recession does affect the passengers, and if it is risking the life of the passengers, then to a very great extend. The Global Economy is facing the situation of Recession and Aviation sector is not indifferent to it. The airlines are finding new ways of cutting the cost, and they should find cost cutting methods, but at no point compensate the life of the passengers.

46. Summary and Conclusion

47. Summary The assignment emphasizes upon how the passengers being affected by the Recession. The assignment tell us about the meaning of Recession, its Affects on Economy and Aviation Sector. It also helps us to understand the meaning of Cost Cutting and how does it affect the Passengers.

48. Conclusion The assignment was a very great source of knowledge for me. From the assignment, I come to know the meaning of Recession and Cost Cutting. I also learnt how the Global Economy and Aviation Sector is affected by the Recession. I got to know, how recession is affecting the passengers. So, I can conclude that the assignment was a great learning experience for me which will definitely help in years to come.

49. Identification of Areas of Future Research

50. Seven Star Hotels If I get a chance to do research again, I would like to research on the Hospitality. My Topic for the research would be Seven Star Hotels . My Question for Hypothesis would be – “Does Seven Star Hotels really Exists?”

51. Bibliography For the completion of the assignment, I referred these websites and reading materials: The Times of India Aviation Times http://www.google.co.in/ http://en.wikipedia.org/ http://answers.yahoo.com/ http://www.paggu.com/business/world-economy/ http://www.airliners.net/ http://aviatingindia.wordpress.com/ http://ezinearticles.com/ http://www.businesstraveller.com/news/ http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/

52. Declaration I, Mohit Koyande, hereby declare that all the work done by me is completely genuine and no part is copied from others. Mohit M. Koyande Batch A4 Nasik Center

53. THANK YOU