Flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms
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This document discusses three groups of worms: flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms. Flatworms are flat, ribbon-like organisms that can be free-living or parasitic. Parasitic flatworms include flukes and tapeworms, which infect humans by consuming undercooked meat. Roundworms have long, cylindrical bodies and some are free-living decomposers while others are parasitic. Segmented worms have a segmented body and include earthworms, polychaetes, and leeches.
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Flatworms, roundworms, segmented worms
- 2. FLATWORMS The flatworm group belongs to the Phylum Platyhelminthes (in Greek, “platys” means flat, “helmins” means worm.) They are flat and ribbon-like organisms. They are found in freshwater, in wet places and marine waters. They include the free-living or non-parasitic worms, the parasitic flukes, and the tapeworm group.
- 3. FLATWORMS Planaria is an example of a free-living flatworm. It lives in moist surfaces, under rocks in ponds, rivers and even aquariums
- 4. FLATWORMS Flukes are parasites that live in other animals including humans They have digestive systems.
- 5. FLATWORMS Tapeworms are also parasitic flatworms like flukes without a digestive system. It can have pigs, cows, and dogs as hosts. Humans can also be infected with tapeworms if they eat uncooked fish, beef, or pork.
- 6. FLATWORMS Why do you think parasitic flatworms do not have a digestive system?
- 7. ROUNDWORMS Roundworms are members of Phylum Nematoda. They have long, cylindrical and slender bodies. Some are free-living and others are parasites of animals and plants. The free-living ones are important as they are decomposers in the soil in both marine and fresh waters. Parasitic roundworms can be found in most tissues of plants and animals
- 8. ROUNDWORMS Heartworm is an example. They can infect dogs and cats.
- 9. ROUNDWORMS Humans can also be infected with parasitic roundworms Trichina Worm Hookworm
- 10. ROUNDWORMS Humans can also be infected with parasitic roundworms Pinworms Ascaris Lumbricoides
- 12. SEGMENTED WORMS The third group of worms among the animal phyla belongs to Phylum Annelida. These animals are characterized by a segmented or repeated body parts. Annelids are mostly found crawling in moist soil or swimming in sea or freshwaters. They have nervous, circulatory, digestive and excretory systems. Each segment contains most of the internal structures of these systems.
- 13. SEGMENTED WORMS Polychaetes are marine living in tubes attached to rocks or sand. They get floating food through the feathery gills.
- 14. SEGMENTED WORMS Earthworms need to be in moist places like under rocks or stay buried in the soil because gas exchange only occurs by diffusion through their skin.
- 15. SEGMENTED WORMS Leeches are blood-sucking annelids. They have suckers in both ends of their bodies that are also used to attach themselves to their hosts. They secrete an anti-clotting chemical that has been used in medicine
- 16. VALUING What precautionary measures do you have to take to avoid parasitic infections caused by worms?
Editor's Notes
- Parasitic flatworms do not have a digestive system because they don't digest their food. They just suck it when the upper gut muscles contract, suck it inside their body then gobble them up and then they're done sucking the nutrients from the food people eat. the food obtained by these parasite has been fully digested by the host so when the flatworm sucks the nutrients, they are already in their simplest form and readily usable by the cells of the parasites’ body.
- Also known as nematodes. A lot of the free-living ones are found in decaying organic matter.
- Ascaris lumbricoides and pinworms usually affect children
- How many openings does an Ascaris body have?
- Also known as annelids. The segmented parts make them move easily and with flexibility. Each segment contains most of the internal structures of these systems.
- This is why earthworms need to be in moist places like under rocks or stay buried in the soil. As they feed and burrow through the soil, they get nutrients and eliminate wastes through the anus. In this way they aerate the soil and the casting serve as fertilizer.