salamanders
reptiles
Chordata
Classification of Salamander
Urodela
Vertibrata
Habit and Habitat of salamander
External Morphology of salamander
Digestive System of salamander
Respiratory System of salamander
Circulatory System of salamander
lifespan of salamander
Adaptations of salamander
Conservation status of salamander
Reproductive system of salamander
life cycle of salamander
evolutionary significance of salamander
Identification and study of important cultivable FishesDr. Karri Ramarao
In India mostly major carps are use to cultivable freshwater fish and some catfish also use to culture. The important cultivable species are Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigalaIn India mostly major carps are use to cultivable fish and some catfish also use to culture. The important cultivable saline water species areMugils, Lates etc,.
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
in this presentation i give a detailed view of the bats and the salamanders which includes the reproductive system, respiration, digestive system, circulation system, their distribution, habit and habitat, external morphology, adaptation and conservation status
Identification and study of important cultivable FishesDr. Karri Ramarao
In India mostly major carps are use to cultivable freshwater fish and some catfish also use to culture. The important cultivable species are Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigalaIn India mostly major carps are use to cultivable fish and some catfish also use to culture. The important cultivable saline water species areMugils, Lates etc,.
A vertebrate is an animal with a spinal cord surrounded by cartilage or bone. The word comes from vertebrae, the bones that make up the spine. Animals that are not vertebrates are called invertebrates. Vertebrates include birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals
in this presentation i give a detailed view of the bats and the salamanders which includes the reproductive system, respiration, digestive system, circulation system, their distribution, habit and habitat, external morphology, adaptation and conservation status
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Lecture on arthropods and echinoderms.pptEsayDawit
zoologist now what are arthropods, what are the distinguishing features and what are echinoderms with identifying their features from the rest other invertebrates.
Identify major groupings within the Lophotrochozoa and Ecdy gg g soz.pdffathimahardwareelect
Identify major groupings within the Lophotrochozoa and Ecdy gg g sozoa ; describe
distinguishing features among groups, where on Earth these organisms are typically found, and
how they make a living
Solution
Lophotrochozoa are a group or taxon of protostome animals. The taxon consists of 2 groups-
trochozoans and lophophorata. Trochozoans are characterized by the development of mouth
before anus in the embryo.They are worm like and produce trochophore larvae - larvae that have
2 bands of cilia around their middle. Lophophorata, on the other hand, are grouped by the
presence of lophophore characterized by a fan of ciliated tentacles surrounding their mouths.
These animals exhibit radial cleavage.
Lophotrochophora includes the following phyla
1. Phylum Ectoprocta:
These are mostly marine coelomates that use lophophore for feesing. They secrete and live in
zoecium (chitinous chamber).
2. Phylum platyhelminthes
These are mostly parasitic acoelomates. Some may live as scavengers or commensals. The are
flat and ribbon-shaped. They have an incomplete gut, no circulatory system, and a simple
nervous system. Their excretory system has small tubules lined with ciliated flame cells. They
are hermaphrodites.
3. Phylum Rotifera
These are small aquatic pseudocoelomate animals. They are mostly free living and a few are
paraitic. They have a ciliated food gathering organ at the tip of the head known as corona. They
have jaws in the pharynx and their digestive system has separate mouth and anus. They have
rudimentary circulatory system and they have separate sexes.
4. Phylum Annelida
They are segmented coelomates with a closed circulatory system. Their excretory system
includes nephrida. They have a digestive system with separate mouth and anus. Gas exchange is
through skin.They have setae. They are found in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. They can
be parasites, carnivores, predators or scavengers.
5. Phylum Nemertea
They are partially coelomate and partially acoelomate animals. They are free living and possess
proboscis - a long muscular tube covered by a sheath to capture prey. They have a complete
digestive system, a simple nervous system, and a closed circulatory system.
6. Phylum Phoronida:
They are coelomate and marine. They use lophophore for feeding. They have a U-shaped gut and
they secrete and live in a chitinous tube.
7. Phylum Brachipoda:
They are characterized by the presence of 2 calcified shells.
Ecdysozoa also belons to the group of protostome animals characterized by a three layered
cuticle which is periodically molted,a process known as ecdysis. They lack locomotary cilia.
They produce amoeboid sperm. Their embryos donot undergo spiral cleavage unlike other
protostomes.
The group includes
Phylum arthropoda
The phylum includes invertebrate animals with an exoskeleton. They have jointed limbs and
their cuticle is made of chitin. They are segmented with an open circulatory system and a ladder-
like nervous system They are found in both a.
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class ReptaliaiPagador
In order for us to understand how all living organisms are related, they are arranged into different groups. The more features that a group of animals share, the more specific the group is. Animals are given scientific names so that people all around the world can communicate about animals, no matter what language they speak (these names are traditionally Latin words). Animals belong to a number of different groups, starting with the animal kingdom.
Kingdom
All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are five different kingdoms to classify life on Earth, which are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, and Protists (single-celled organisms).
Phylum
The animal kingdom is divided into 40 smaller groups, known as phylum. Here, animals are grouped by their main features. Animals usually fall into one of five different phylum which are Cnidaria (invertebrates), Chordata (vertebrates), Arthropods, Molluscs and Echinoderms.
Class
The phylum group is then divided into even smaller groups, known as classes. The Chordata (vertebrates) phylum splits up into Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish) , Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles).
Order
Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. The class Mammalia (Mammals), splits into different groups including Carnivora, Primate, Artiodactyla and Rodentia.
Family
In every order, there are different families of animals which all have very similar features. The Carnivora order breaks into families that include Felidae (Cats), Canidae (Dogs), Ursidae (Bears), and Mustelidae (Weasels).
Genus
Every animal family is then divided into small groups known as genus. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genus including Felis (small Cats and domestic Cats), Panthera (Tigers, Leopards, Jaguars and Lions) and Puma (Panthers and Cougars).
Species
Each individual species within the genus is named after it's individual features and characteristics. The names of animals are in Latin so that they can be understood worldwide, and consist of two words. The first word in the name of an animal will be the genus, and the second name indicates the specific species.
Example 1 - Tiger
Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrate)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal)
Order: Carnivora (Carnivore)
Family: Felidae (Cat)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera tigris (Tiger)
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Class Turbellaria
Class Monogenea
Class Trematoda
Class Cestoidea
Characteristics
Reproduction and Development
Presentation
Best of Luck
Errors in metabolism in carbohydrates , inborn errors , pku, GSD, etc detailed info in hand written notes also the data of various disease Errors in metabolism like why happen also details of it
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
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Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. Chordata
Chordata is an animal kingdom phylum
that comprises a diverse range of
animals, including humans. All animals
belonging to the Phylum Chordata have
a notochord at some point throughout
their lives.
3. General Features Of
Chordata
At some point during their lives, all
chordates have three distinguishing
features. These three basic morphological
characteristics include the following:
1. A tubular or hollow dorsal nerve cord
2. A notochord-like longitudinal support rod
3. Slits in the pharyngeal gills
These are the three distinguishing
characteristics of chordates are so
essential that they stand out from
other phyla deserves its own brief
summary.
7. Geographical Distribution
Salamander, (order Caudata), any
member of a group of about 740
species of amphibians that have tails
and that constitute the order Caudata.
The order comprises 10 families,
among which are newts and
salamanders proper (family
Salamandridae) as well as hellbenders,
mud puppies, and lungless
salamanders. They most commonly
occur in freshwater and damp
woodlands, principally in temperate
regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
8. Habit and Habitat
Salamanders feed on insects, worms, snails, and other small
animals, including members of their own species. Like other
amphibians, they absorb water through their skin, and they require
a moist habitat. In regions where the temperature goes below
freezing, they often hibernate.
Most adult salamanders hide by day and feed by night. Some
remain hidden underground until the breeding season, or they may
emerge only when levels of moisture and temperature are
appropriate. Many species, especially in the family Plethodontidae,
are strictly terrestrial and avoid ponds and streams.
9. External Morphology
Completely terrestrial Abundant
5.7-12.7 cm
Redback phase is gray or black body
with a red stripe down its back
Leadback phase lacks the red stripe
Belly is mottled white and gray
16 to 19 costal grooves
5 toes on hind feet, 4 on front
Male and female identical in
appearance
10. Digestive System
After an amphibians eats, the food flows from
its mouth to its esophagus to its stomach.
Digestion begins in the stomach of an
amphibian. Food then moves to the small
intestine, where enzymes from the pancreas
start the digestion process.
From the small intestine, nutrients from the
food are absorbed into the bloodstream and
delivered to body cells.
Food moves from the small intestine to the
large intestine before waste is eliminated.
Digestive waste enters the cloaca before it
exits the body.
11. The respiratory organs among various salamander species
come in three different forms. Aquatic salamanders
typically breathe through a set of gills. Some of them
feature internal gills that receive dissolved oxygen via gill
slits. Others feature external gills that flare out like a set of
tiny wings, while still others feature a combination of
internal and external gills. Many terrestrial salamanders
breathe oxygen via a set of regular, internal lungs.
However, even most of these species breathe through gills
while in their larval forms.
The third type of salamander respiratory organ is actually
the skin; Plethodontidae, commonly known as lungless
salamanders, are the largest family of salamanders, and
every one of them simply absorbs oxygen through their
skin or membranes of the throat and mouth.
Respiratory System
12. Circulatory System
The system is known as a double but incomplete
circulatory system
The heart consists of two atria and one ventricle
Blood from both atria enters a single ventricle which
pumps the blood through the pulmocutaneous and
systemic circulation
The pulmocutaneous circulation delivers the
deoxygenated blood to the organs involved in gaseous
exchange
The systemic circulation carries the oxygenated blood to
the body tissues and the deoxygenated blood to the
right atrium
13. Lifespan
Salamanders have a very long life
expectancy, being able to live up to
20 years. However, this particular
condition can change if they’re living in
the wild.
Salamanders usually live in humid
environments, since they need to be
around wet surroundings in order to
survive.
14. Adaptations
salamanders found that the use of
lungs was no longer needed they now
conduct respiration through the pores
in their skin.
Tiger salamanders secret a slimy
substance coated all over their
bodies that is highly poisonous to
other animals.
If the breeding pond or pool dries up
the larvae will become cannibal
morphs
15. Conservation status
Conservation Status The Pacific Giant
Salamander is a rare species due to several
factors, the most important of which are limited
range, human activities, severe weather, and
predation. The Pacific Giant Salamander is
protected from killing or collecting under the
Wildlife Act in British Columbia.
Serve as bioindicators
Impacted by clear cutting, fungal diseases, acid
rain
Do best in closed canopy forests
16. In most salamander species, breeding
involves the male placing a sperm packet
called a spermatophore on the ground or
on debris in a pool. The female inserts it
into her cloaca to fertilize her eggs, which
she may attach to sticks and leaves or
under rocks. Some species guard their
eggs from predators until they hatch.
Reproductive System
17. Life Cycle
Typical salamanders undergo a larval
stage that lasts for a period of a few
days to several years. Larval forms
have external gills and teeth in both
jaws and lack eyelids. These and
other larval features may persist into
sexual maturity—a condition known as
heterochrony. A mud puppy (Necturus
maculosus) of eastern North America
and the axolotl (Ambystoma
mexicanum) of central Mexico are
common species that exhibit this
phenomenon.
18. Evolutionary Significance
The earliest amphibians evolved in the Devonian
period from sarcopterygian fish with lungs and
bony-limbed fins, features that were helpful in
adapting to dry land.
They diversified and became dominant during the
Carboniferous and Permian periods, but were
later displaced by reptiles and other vertebrates.
No one knows what the first amphibian was.