First aid for burns
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This document provides information on first aid for burns. It describes different types of burns including scald, friction, radiation, electrical, chemical, and dry burns. It explains the depths of burns as first, second, or third degree. First degree burns damage the top layer of skin and appear red. Second degree burns damage several skin layers and cause blistering. Third degree burns damage skin and underlying tissue and may cause charring. The document outlines first aid treatment for burns, which includes immediately cooling the burn for 10 minutes with running water, covering it with a non-sticky dressing, and seeking medical attention for serious burns. It advises against removing clothing stuck to a burn and applying creams or lotions besides aftersun.
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Burns first aid
This document provides information on first aid for different types of burns. It describes first, second, and third degree burns based on depth of skin damage. For minor first and second degree burns, it recommends cooling the burned area with cold water, not breaking blisters, and seeking medical help for more serious burns or if signs of infection appear. For chemical or electrical burns, it stresses immediately flushing the affected area with water for 15-20 minutes and seeking prompt medical care for eye injuries or extensive skin exposure.
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This presentation is regarding protection of individuals during burns and first aid in a case of burns.
Burn first aid ppt
1. The document discusses different types and classifications of burns including first, second, and third degree burns.
2. First degree burns affect the outer layer of skin and cause redness and pain but usually heal within 6 days without scarring. Second degree burns involve deeper layers of skin and cause blistering, taking 2-4 weeks to heal and possibly resulting in slight scarring.
3. Third degree burns are the most severe, affecting all layers of skin and sometimes underlying tissues, appearing charred or white. They take extensive time to heal, often with permanent scarring or requiring skin grafts.
Slides first aid burns mgt
The document provides information on first aid treatment for different types and degrees of burns. It discusses the common types of burns including thermal, electrical, chemical, and radiation burns. It describes how to classify burns as first, second, or third degree. First degree burns involve only the outer layer of skin, while second degree burns involve the outer two layers and third degree burns go deeper. The document outlines steps for managing different degrees of burns, including cooling the area, protecting it from infection, treating for shock, and knowing when to seek medical help.
Bleeding first aid
This document provides instructions for treating bleeding wounds and internal bleeding. It outlines steps to stop severe bleeding such as applying direct pressure to the wound and elevating the wound above heart level. Signs of internal bleeding include vomiting blood, blood in urine or stools. The document advises seeking immediate medical help for internal bleeding or if the person is unconscious or bleeding from the mouth.
First ai d 4 burn
This document provides information on first aid for burn injuries. It describes the causes and degrees of burns, as well as how to assess the severity. For minor burns, it recommends cooling the affected area with water or other cold liquids for 10 minutes. For more severe burns, it says to protect the burned area and seek immediate medical help. First aid involves removing constricting clothing and jewelry near the burn, cleaning and dressing the wound but not applying any creams or ointments. Special precautions are outlined for burns in the mouth, eyes, and those caused by electricity.
Burns And Scalds
Burns and scalds can be caused by either dry heat from fire, hot objects, or electricity which cause burns, or wet heat from hot liquids, steam which cause scalds. Signs include redness, swelling, blisters and charred skin. If someone has a burn or scald, remove any jewellery, apply a sterile dressing or cling film, treat for shock if needed, and seek medical help if serious. Minor burns should be cooled under cold running water for at least 10 minutes.
Burn And Scald
Burn and scald injuries can be caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, or radiation. Thermal burns are the most common and are classified as superficial, partial thickness, or full thickness depending on the depth of tissue damage. A severe burn over 25% of the total body surface area can cause systemic effects like shock due to fluid loss, decreased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Complications include infection, respiratory failure, renal failure, and contractures. The severity of the burn is estimated using methods like the Rule of Nines or Lund and Browder chart which divide the body into sections and assign a percentage of total body surface area to each.
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Burns first aid
This document provides information on first aid for different types of burns. It describes first, second, and third degree burns based on depth of skin damage. For minor first and second degree burns, it recommends cooling the burned area with cold water, not breaking blisters, and seeking medical help for more serious burns or if signs of infection appear. For chemical or electrical burns, it stresses immediately flushing the affected area with water for 15-20 minutes and seeking prompt medical care for eye injuries or extensive skin exposure.
First aid in burns
This presentation is regarding protection of individuals during burns and first aid in a case of burns.
Burn first aid ppt
1. The document discusses different types and classifications of burns including first, second, and third degree burns.
2. First degree burns affect the outer layer of skin and cause redness and pain but usually heal within 6 days without scarring. Second degree burns involve deeper layers of skin and cause blistering, taking 2-4 weeks to heal and possibly resulting in slight scarring.
3. Third degree burns are the most severe, affecting all layers of skin and sometimes underlying tissues, appearing charred or white. They take extensive time to heal, often with permanent scarring or requiring skin grafts.
Slides first aid burns mgt
The document provides information on first aid treatment for different types and degrees of burns. It discusses the common types of burns including thermal, electrical, chemical, and radiation burns. It describes how to classify burns as first, second, or third degree. First degree burns involve only the outer layer of skin, while second degree burns involve the outer two layers and third degree burns go deeper. The document outlines steps for managing different degrees of burns, including cooling the area, protecting it from infection, treating for shock, and knowing when to seek medical help.
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First ai d 4 burn
This document provides information on first aid for burn injuries. It describes the causes and degrees of burns, as well as how to assess the severity. For minor burns, it recommends cooling the affected area with water or other cold liquids for 10 minutes. For more severe burns, it says to protect the burned area and seek immediate medical help. First aid involves removing constricting clothing and jewelry near the burn, cleaning and dressing the wound but not applying any creams or ointments. Special precautions are outlined for burns in the mouth, eyes, and those caused by electricity.
Burns And Scalds
Burns and scalds can be caused by either dry heat from fire, hot objects, or electricity which cause burns, or wet heat from hot liquids, steam which cause scalds. Signs include redness, swelling, blisters and charred skin. If someone has a burn or scald, remove any jewellery, apply a sterile dressing or cling film, treat for shock if needed, and seek medical help if serious. Minor burns should be cooled under cold running water for at least 10 minutes.
Burn And Scald
Burn and scald injuries can be caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, or radiation. Thermal burns are the most common and are classified as superficial, partial thickness, or full thickness depending on the depth of tissue damage. A severe burn over 25% of the total body surface area can cause systemic effects like shock due to fluid loss, decreased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Complications include infection, respiratory failure, renal failure, and contractures. The severity of the burn is estimated using methods like the Rule of Nines or Lund and Browder chart which divide the body into sections and assign a percentage of total body surface area to each.
Wounds and bleeding
This document discusses different types of wounds, including their classification, characteristics, and management. It describes closed wounds that occur with blunt trauma, like contusions, and open wounds from penetrating trauma, like abrasions, lacerations, incisions, punctures, and gunshot wounds. It outlines dangers of wounds like bleeding and infection. First aid aims to stop bleeding and minimize germ entry. Bleeding can be external or internal, and types include arterial, venous, and capillary. Direct pressure, elevation, pressure points, and tourniquets can control bleeding. Internal bleeding signs include pain and tenderness over injured areas and signs of shock. Management involves controlling external bleeding, positioning, and promptly transporting to the hospital
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Burns scalds
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First aid is the initial assistance or treatment provided to someone who is injured or ill. It involves basic techniques that can be performed with minimal equipment until further medical help arrives. The key principles of first aid are to prevent further injury, preserve life, and promote recovery. It aims to maintain the body's primary functions like airway, breathing, circulation and control bleeding. Common first aid treatments include caring for wounds, controlling bleeding, treating shock, providing CPR and dealing with fractures or burns. Having basic first aid knowledge and supplies can help save lives in emergency situations until emergency medical services arrive.
Burns
1. A burn is an injury to the skin or flesh caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction or radiation. The severity depends on the temperature and duration of exposure.
2. About 2.4 million people suffer burns annually in the US, with 700,000 cases requiring medical treatment. The main causes are thermal, electrical, chemical and radiation burns.
3. Burns are classified by depth and extent of the affected body surface area. Depth is classified as superficial, partial-thickness, or full-thickness. Extent is classified using methods like the Rule of Nines or Lund and Browder chart.
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This document discusses burns and scalds, including their causes, pathophysiology, assessment, treatment, and complications. The major points covered are:
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- Pathophysiology includes increased vascular permeability, fluid shifts from blood vessels to tissues, and potential for shock with large burns over 15% of body surface area.
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First aid procedure for poisoning
Poisoning can occur through ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or injection of toxic substances. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, abdominal pain, unconsciousness, seizures, or breathing issues depending on the poison and route of exposure. The first aid procedure for poisoning involves checking the safety of the situation, noting details of the exposure, checking the victim's consciousness, clearing their airway if unconscious, wiping the mouth if burned, and seeking medical help.
Burn management
This document provides information on burns, including:
- The definition and causes of burns including thermal, electrical, chemical and radiation burns.
- The degrees of burns from first to fourth degree based on depth of tissue damage.
- Methods for estimating the percentage of total body surface area burned including the Rule of Nines.
- Criteria for burn admission to hospital care based on factors like surface area, depth and location of burns.
- Complications that can result from severe burns like infection, shock and organ damage.
- The importance of first aid like cooling the burned area in water to minimize further tissue injury.
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Dry heat sources like fire, hot objects, the sun, chemicals and electricity as well as wet heat sources like hot liquids and steam can cause burns and scalds. First degree burns damage only the outer layer of skin and appear as redness and inflammation while second degree burns blister and damage deeper layers of skin. Third degree burns severely damage or destroy skin and can damage deeper tissues, posing a serious risk of infection. For burns and scalds, it is important to run the affected area under cold water for 10 minutes or more, remove jewelry, avoid removing clothing stuck to the burn, apply a sterile dressing, and seek prompt medical attention for anything more than a minor burn or scald.
Basic first aid guide
This document provides information on various first aid procedures. It defines first aid as emergency medical care for injured or sick persons until full medical help arrives. As a first aider, one must act within their limits of ability, maintain privacy of casualties, control the first aid kit, and file incident reports. Priorities in emergencies include assessing safety, calling for help, and treating airway, breathing and circulation issues first. Specific treatments are outlined for conditions like abdominal pain, bleeding, broken bones, burns, choking, cuts, dizziness and eye injuries.
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Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure (BP), and oxygen saturation, are measurements that indicate a person’s hemodynamic status. These are the five vital signs most frequently obtained by health care practitioners (Perry, Potter, & Ostendorf, 2014). Vital signs will potentially reveal sudden changes in a patient’s condition and will also measure changes that occur progressively over time. A difference between patients’ normal baseline vital signs and their present vital signs may indicate the need for intervention (Perry et al., 2014). Checklist 15 outlines the steps to take when checking vital signs.
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This document describes different types of wounds, principles of bleeding, and first aid procedures for external and internal bleeding. It outlines signs and symptoms of blood loss and discusses managing external bleeding through direct pressure, indirect pressure, or tourniquet methods as a last resort. For internal bleeding, signs may be subtle but include pale skin and changing vital signs. First aid involves maintaining ABCs, fluids, blood transfusion, and potentially surgery while seeking medical help.
Haemorrhages (1)
This document discusses different types of hemorrhages including arterial, capillary, and venous hemorrhages. It describes signs and symptoms of hemorrhaging such as restlessness, anxiety, increased pulse rate, and pallor. The effects of hemorrhaging are also outlined including increased heart rate, decreased blood volume, and loss of red blood cells. First aid management of minor and major external bleeding as well as internal bleeding is provided. Specific types of hemorrhages occurring in special sites like the nose, lungs, stomach, and joints are also mentioned along with first aid approaches.
Wound dressing
This document outlines the process for wound dressing. The key aims are to keep the wound clean, lessen the spread of microorganisms, hasten tissue healing, and absorb or localize drainage. The procedure involves preparing sterile equipment and the patient, cleaning the wound with antiseptic solution, removing any dead tissue, applying a sterile dressing, and securing it with a bandage. Proper hand washing and sterile technique are emphasized to prevent infection.
Dead body care
The document discusses death and the physiological changes that occur after death, including rigor mortis, algor mortis, and livor mortis. It also outlines the proper procedures for caring for a dead body, which includes cleaning and preparing the body, closing orifices, applying identification tags, allowing family to view the body, and documenting details of the death and body release. The goal of dead body care is to prepare the body for the morgue and prevent discoloration or deformity while protecting the body from post-mortem discharge.
first aid management of patient with drowning
Drowning occurs when water enters the respiratory tract, preventing breathing and oxygen intake. It can cause death within 24 hours from suffocation. Near-drowning victims survive for over 24 hours. Signs of drowning include a wet, cold body; blue lips; vomiting; abnormal breathing; and cardiac arrest in severe cases. Treatment depends on the condition - CPR for no pulse or breathing, clearing airways and removing water from the lungs otherwise. Complications can include pneumonia, renal failure, and stroke if not promptly treated. Prevention emphasizes safety around bodies of water and supervision of children.
Bites first aid
This document discusses different types of animal bites and their prevention and treatment. It covers bites from dogs, cats, insects, ticks, snakes and provides guidance on first aid. Key points include applying pressure to stop bleeding from an animal bite, cleaning and protecting the wound, consulting a doctor who can assess risk of infection and provide antibiotics or anti-rabies treatment. It also outlines removing ticks properly and signs of infection to watch for from different bites. Prevention focuses on vaccinating pets, avoiding disturbing animals, and using insect repellent.
7 provide first aid burns
This document discusses different types of burns, including dry, wet, radiation, cold, chemical, electrical, and specific chemicals like phosphorus, hydrofluoric acid, bitumen, and liquid petroleum. It describes signs and symptoms of superficial, deep, inhalation, radiation, and electrical burns. The key first aid treatment for burns is to stop the burning process, cool the area with running water for 20 minutes, cover with a sterile dressing, and call an ambulance for severe or large burns or inhalation burns. Specific steps are outlined for assisting casualties of different burn types.
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This document discusses different types of wounds, including open wounds like incisions, lacerations, abrasions, and puncture wounds. It also covers closed wounds such as contusions, hematomas, and crushing injuries. The document provides details on treating minor cuts and scrapes, puncture wounds, and major wounds. It lists signs of infection and specific symptoms for different wound types. Finally, it presents the basic five steps for treating any wound: stop bleeding, wash, remove dirt, close skin, and dress the wound.
FIRST AID.pptx
First aid is the initial assistance or treatment provided to someone who is injured or ill. It involves basic techniques that can be performed with minimal equipment until further medical help arrives. The key principles of first aid are to prevent further injury, preserve life, and promote recovery. It aims to maintain the body's primary functions like airway, breathing, circulation and control bleeding. Common first aid treatments include caring for wounds, controlling bleeding, treating shock, providing CPR and dealing with fractures or burns. Having basic first aid knowledge and supplies can help save lives in emergency situations until emergency medical services arrive.
Burns
1. A burn is an injury to the skin or flesh caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction or radiation. The severity depends on the temperature and duration of exposure.
2. About 2.4 million people suffer burns annually in the US, with 700,000 cases requiring medical treatment. The main causes are thermal, electrical, chemical and radiation burns.
3. Burns are classified by depth and extent of the affected body surface area. Depth is classified as superficial, partial-thickness, or full-thickness. Extent is classified using methods like the Rule of Nines or Lund and Browder chart.
Burns & scalds
This document discusses burns and scalds, including their causes, pathophysiology, assessment, treatment, and complications. The major points covered are:
- Burns are caused by dry heat (fire, electricity) or wet heat (scalds from hot liquids) and result in coagulative necrosis of tissue.
- Pathophysiology includes increased vascular permeability, fluid shifts from blood vessels to tissues, and potential for shock with large burns over 15% of body surface area.
- Assessment involves determining burn depth (superficial vs. partial vs. full thickness) and percentage of total body surface area burned, often using the Rule of Nine.
- Treatment principles are airway, breathing, circulation support along with
Basic First Aid (Bleeding)
This document provides information on basic first aid for bleeding. It discusses the different types of bleeding (capillary, venous, arterial), common causes of bleeding (trauma, medical conditions, medicines), and treatment for severe bleeding. The treatment section outlines steps to address severe bleeding such as applying direct pressure to stop the bleeding, elevating the injured body part, and seeking emergency medical help when bleeding is under control or continuing to wait for assistance. Military and civilian first aid approaches are also briefly mentioned.
First aid procedure for poisoning
Poisoning can occur through ingestion, inhalation, absorption, or injection of toxic substances. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, abdominal pain, unconsciousness, seizures, or breathing issues depending on the poison and route of exposure. The first aid procedure for poisoning involves checking the safety of the situation, noting details of the exposure, checking the victim's consciousness, clearing their airway if unconscious, wiping the mouth if burned, and seeking medical help.
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First aid for patients with Wound, Hemorrhage.pptx
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- Criteria for burn admission to hospital care based on factors like surface area, depth and location of burns.
- Complications that can result from severe burns like infection, shock and organ damage.
- The importance of first aid like cooling the burned area in water to minimize further tissue injury.
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Burns and management
This document discusses the classification, pathophysiology, and management of burns. It describes the different types and degrees of burns, from first to fourth degree. It outlines the assessment of burn size and depth. The key aspects of initial and ongoing burn management are presented, including fluid resuscitation, wound care, infection prevention, and complications. Surgical procedures like escharotomy and grafting are also summarized.
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First-degree burns damage only the outer layer of skin and cause redness, swelling and pain. Treatment involves cooling and moisturizing the skin. Second-degree burns go deeper, causing blistering and more pain as nerves are exposed. They take 10-15 days to heal and may cause scarring. Third-degree burns are the most severe, damaging skin, fat, muscle and possibly bone. The skin appears black, charred or white, and healing can take many months with medical treatment.
Burns 2010
The document discusses different types of burn injuries including thermal, chemical, smoke inhalation, and electrical burns. It describes the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations in the emergent and acute phases after a burn. Key aspects are fluid and electrolyte shifts leading to shock in the emergent phase and wound healing through debridement, grafting, and rehabilitation in the acute phase. Complications include infection and contractures.
Burns- Modern Management
Burns is a special type of trauma. Severe burns injury should be managed in a specialised burns unit.
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Physiotherapy plays an important role in the management of burn injuries. It focuses on positioning, splinting, and scar management to prevent contractures and promote wound healing. Positioning aims to maintain joints in functional positions opposite to the direction of potential contracture. Splinting is used during the acute inflammatory phase and following skin grafting to maintain positioning. Physiotherapy also addresses scar management through pressure therapy, stretching, and exercises to improve range of motion and function.
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This document defines and classifies different types of burns based on their cause. It describes the pathology of burns which involves coagulative necrosis, cellular injury, inflammation and the release of vasoactive substances. This leads to increased capillary permeability, edema, shock and blister formation. Burns are classified by degree from 1st to 4th based on the depth of tissue involvement and appearance. Treatment involves addressing shock, wound care, antibiotics, nutrition, and skin grafting or physical therapy depending on the severity of the burn. Complications can include Curling's ulcers, acute pancreatitis and other issues.
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2. burn
Burns are caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight or radiation and can range in severity from superficial first-degree burns affecting only the outer layer of skin, to third-degree burns destroying the deepest skin layers and tissues. Common causes of burns include scalds, fires, and flammable liquids and gases. Treatment depends on the degree of burn, with first-degree burns typically treated with cooling and pain relief, while more severe second and third-degree burns may require cleaning, antibiotics, bandaging and even surgery to prevent infection and promote healing. The best approach is to prevent burns by taking safety precautions around sources of heat, chemicals, electricity and fire in both work and home environments.
FIRST AID
This document provides instructions for treating different types of burns. It describes classifying burns as minor or major and by cause (thermal, electrical, chemical, radiant). It outlines steps for various burn scenarios such as putting out flames, removing a casualty from an electrical current, treating chemical and laser burns, and dressing different burn wounds. The key steps are controlling the burn, preventing shock, dressing the wound, and evacuating serious burns to medical care.
Firstaid
This slide contains information regarding firstaid for drowning, snake bites, wasp and bee bites, leech bite etc
First aid mx on burn injury
The document provides information on classifying and treating different types of burn injuries. It describes first, second, and third-degree burns based on the depth of skin damage. First-degree burns only affect the outer layer of skin, while second-degree burns extend deeper into the dermis. Third-degree burns are the most severe, damaging all layers of skin. For minor first and second-degree burns covering less than 3 inches, the recommended treatment is to cool the burn with water, cover it loosely with a sterile bandage, and take an over-the-counter pain reliever. More severe burns require immediate emergency medical attention.
Burns and freezing
This document discusses burns and frostbite, including:
1) It defines burns as damaged tissue caused by heat, chemicals, electricity, sunlight, or radiation and describes first, second, and third degree burns.
2) It provides first aid instructions for heat burns, chemical burns, and electrical burns, such as running cool water over the affected area, stopping contact with the chemical, and not interfering if electrical current cannot be stopped.
3) It also discusses frostbite, describing prevention, signs of first, second and third degree frostbite, and first aid steps like sheltering the victim and avoiding refreezing or rubbing affected areas.
First Aid for Heat emergencies
This document provides information on heat emergencies, including heat exhaustion, heat cramps, and heat stroke. It describes the signs and symptoms of each condition as well as recommended first aid treatment. Additional sections cover burns including burn depth, types of burns from thermal, electrical, chemical and other sources, and treatment for minor and severe burns. Guidance is also given for lightning strike injuries and dangerous places to avoid during lightning storms.
Burns
The document discusses burns, including their causes, types, signs and symptoms, and basic first aid treatment. Thermal burns can result from flames, hot objects, or scalding and include flame, scald, electrical, and lightning burns. Chemical burns are caused by household and industrial chemicals. Burns are classified as superficial, partial thickness, or full thickness. Redness, pain, blistering and charring indicate burn severity. First aid involves cooling the burn, not removing clothing, calling for emergency help if needed, and applying sterile dressings.
New Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation
This document provides information on classifying and treating different types of burns. It describes:
1) Four degrees of burns from first to fourth based on depth of skin damage. First degree burns only affect the outer layer while fourth degree burns damage bones and tendons.
2) Causes of different types of burns including thermal, electrical, chemical, and radiation.
3) First aid steps for chemical burns which is to remove the chemical, rinse the area, loosely bandage it, and take over-the-counter pain relievers. For electrical burns, the steps are to not touch the electrified person, turn off the power source if possible, and remove the person safely using a dry object.
BURNS NEW PPT.pptx
The document discusses burns and scalds, describing them as injuries caused to the skin by heat. It defines different types of burns, including superficial burns affecting just the epidermis and deep burns affecting the epidermis and dermis. Various causes of burns are outlined, including dry heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, and wet heat or scalds. The extent of burns is also explained using the "rule of nines" where the body is divided into sections accounting for 9% or 18% depending on the area. Signs and symptoms of burns include pain, blistering, swelling and decreased urine output. First aid treatment focuses on reducing heat and preventing infection by cleaning and dressing the wound. More severe burns requiring medical attention
Burns : pre hospital care
This presentation covers the principle and practice of Burns management in a pre-hospital care setting with the focus on Thermal burns. The session was presented in the EMCON2018 National conference, Paramedic session at Bangalore
burns-prehospitalcrae-181203073132 (1).pptx
Frostbite. Hypothermia. Classification. The reasons. Clinic. Diagnostics. Providing emergency care and resuscitation at the prehospital stage. Tactics presentation
Burns
Burns are injuries that damage skin cells and are caused by flames, hot objects, liquids, chemicals, or radiation. Burns are classified as superficial/first degree, partial thickness/second degree, or full thickness/third degree based on the depth of skin damage. Major burns that affect large portions of the body or special areas like the face, hands, or respiratory system are medical emergencies requiring prompt treatment. The first aid for burns involves cooling the area with running water for 20 minutes and seeking immediate medical help for severe burns.
Burns
This document discusses burns, including definitions, causes, symptoms, classifications, and treatment. It defines burns as coagulative necrosis due to abnormal heat exposure, which causes skin damage and fluid loss. Burns are classified as first, second, or third degree depending on depth of tissue damage. Treatment involves stopping further injury, providing pain relief, covering burns, monitoring for shock, and seeking medical help for severe or extensive burns. Airway burns require maintaining ventilation and protecting the airway.
Basics of First aid for children in Middle School
The document provides first aid information for various common injuries and medical emergencies. It details how to treat minor wounds like cuts, scrapes, and bruises by cleaning and dressing them. It also gives guidance for more serious issues like fractures, burns, bites, puncture wounds, nosebleeds, choking, electric shock, and head injuries. The document emphasizes the importance of proper wound care, immobilizing fractures, knowing when to seek immediate medical attention, and performing CPR or the Heimlich maneuver when needed.
Burns & condensate
This document discusses hazards related to burns and hot condensate. It outlines objectives to recognize hazards from steam and hot condensate, identify potential consequences, describe control actions, and identify burn severity and first aid treatments. Examples of incidents involving burns from condensate and steam are provided. Precautions to prevent contact with hot condensate include guiding it away from occupied areas, barricading, and properly securing discharge hoses. The document also reviews different levels of burn severity and first aid treatments for minor and major burns.
Burns
The document discusses the classification and treatment of burns. It describes the three layers of skin and classifies burns as first, second, or third degree based on the depth of damage. First degree burns only damage the outer epidermis, while second degree burns pass through the epidermis into the dermis. Third degree burns extend through all layers of skin and into fat, muscle or bone. Treatment depends on the severity and size of the burn, with minor first and second degree burns treated at home through cooling, covering and pain relief, while more severe burns require immediate medical attention.
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Understanding chest pain
This document discusses chest pain and various potential underlying conditions. It begins by explaining that chest pain can present in different areas of the upper torso and can radiate or refer to other locations. A wide range of cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, chest wall, and physiological conditions can cause chest pain. Two common cardiac conditions discussed in more detail are angina and heart attack. For angina, the document outlines signs, symptoms, and first aid treatment. For heart attack, it describes the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and emphasizes the need for rapid defibrillation or CPR and administration of aspirin if the individual loses consciousness.
Spinal injuries
The document discusses spinal injuries and the traditional approach of fully immobilizing all suspected spinal injuries. It notes that this approach is being reevaluated as it may not be as necessary or beneficial as previously thought, as only a small percentage of immobilized casualties actually have spinal injuries. The document outlines several issues with full immobilization, such as increased risk of pressure sores and reduced respiratory function. It suggests that alternative devices like vacuum mattresses may provide sufficient immobilization without the same risks. The document advocates for a more selective approach to immobilization based on mechanism of injury and patient presentation to better balance risks of immobilization against benefits of potential spinal protection.
Pain and pain management
This document discusses pain management strategies for first aid situations. It explains that pain is commonly why people seek medical care but first aid training focuses more on injuries than pain relief. Correctly treating injuries can sometimes reduce pain as a side effect. Additional pain management strategies discussed include medication options like NSAIDs and opioids, as well as non-medicated options like RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation), positioning, reassurance, and distraction. The document provides details on assessing pain using the PQRST method and differentiating between nociceptive and neuropathic pain.
First aid for bleeding and shock
The document provides information on first aid for bleeding, shock, and wound treatment. It describes how to control bleeding through direct pressure and elevation above the heart. It explains the signs of shock which include pale skin, drowsiness, and confusion. Treatment for shock involves lying the casualty down, raising their legs, covering them with a blanket, and calling for emergency help. The document also outlines steps for cleaning and dressing minor wounds.
First aid for anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction caused by exposure to an allergen like drugs, foods, or insect stings. Signs include wheezing, vomiting, itching, low blood pressure, and trouble breathing. First aid treatment involves calling an ambulance, checking if the person has an Epi-Pen to counteract histamine, lying them down to treat shock, and monitoring until emergency help arrives.
Diabetes emergency management
This document provides information on diabetic emergencies and first aid treatment. It discusses the different types of diabetes, symptoms of diabetes, and diabetic emergencies like hypoglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hyperosmolar coma. For hypoglycemia, symptoms are listed like weakness, dizziness, and tremors. First aid treatment for low blood sugar is to check if the person is conscious, call for help, and give them a fast-acting sugar source. For an unconscious person, do not give anything by mouth.
Casualty positioning
The document discusses different positioning techniques for casualties. It notes that the priority is always maintaining a clear airway, even for casualties with suspected spinal injuries. While textbooks recommend positions like elevating legs for shock, there is no evidence this helps, and it could be dangerous for conditions like anaphylaxis that impact breathing. The document recommends allowing conscious casualties to choose comfortable positions and prioritizing pragmatism in the real world over textbook positions.
Asthma management
The document discusses asthma, including its causes, triggers, treatment, and management during an asthma attack. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that causes narrowing of the airways. It can be triggered by factors like allergens, infections, exercise, and weather changes. Treatment involves reliever inhalers for acute symptoms and preventer inhalers for long-term control. During an attack, the person should use their reliever inhaler and seek medical help if no improvement.
Introduction to first aid the basics
This document provides an introduction to basic first aid principles. It defines first aid as help given to sick or injured people until full medical treatment arrives, including initial care for illnesses and injuries. The main aims of first aid are to preserve life, prevent conditions from worsening if possible, and promote recovery. It outlines the roles of a first aider in managing incidents, assessing casualties, obtaining further help, providing treatment, and record keeping. It stresses the importance of calling emergency services and giving clear information. Proper incident management and basic infection control procedures are also covered.
The recovery position
This document provides instructions on assisting someone who is unconscious. It explains that unconsciousness is a medical emergency where the person is unresponsive and unaware. Their muscles go limp, potentially blocking their airway or allowing vomit to enter it. The mnemonic "DR ABC" is recommended to assess the situation in a structured way: check for Dangers, get a Response, open the Airway, check for Breathing, and Call an ambulance. If not breathing, perform CPR, otherwise place the person in the recovery position on their side to protect the airway while waiting for emergency services.
First aid for heart attacks
The document discusses first aid for heart attacks. It defines a heart attack as occurring when the coronary arteries become blocked, causing the heart muscle to die from lack of oxygen and nutrients. Signs of a heart attack include chest pain, shortness of breath, paleness, sweating, anxiety, irregular pulse, nausea and vomiting. The first aid treatment is to immediately call an ambulance, have the casualty chew an aspirin to help break up clots unless allergic, place them in a resting position, monitor their condition, and be prepared for further deterioration.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr)
CPR involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to help restart the heart until a defibrillator arrives. It is performed after assessing the scene for dangers, checking if the casualty is responsive, opening their airway, and finding an absence of normal breathing. Chest compressions are given at a rate of 100-120 per minute, alternating with two rescue breaths, until emergency services take over or the casualty starts breathing normally again.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr)
CPR involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to help restart the heart until a defibrillator arrives. It is performed after assessing the scene for dangers, checking if the casualty is responsive, opening their airway, and finding an absence of normal breathing. Chest compressions are given at a rate of 100-120 per minute, alternating with two rescue breaths, until emergency services take over or the casualty starts breathing normally again.
Safeguarding children
This document outlines Stratford Upon Avon First Aid's (SUAFA) policies and procedures regarding child protection and safeguarding. It discusses the aims of raising awareness about identifying signs of abuse and knowing the proper procedures to follow if abuse is suspected. Key people and their roles in relation to safeguarding are defined. Examples of physical and behavioral indicators of physical and emotional abuse and neglect are provided. Staff are instructed to report any concerns to SUAFA's designated person or by filing an incident report form.
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First aid for burns
- 1. First aid for burns Stratford Upon Avon First Aid
- 2. Types of burns Stratford Upon Avon First Aid > Scald – caused by a hot liquid > Friction – caused by rough surfaces, e.g: carpet > Radiation/sunburn > Electrical – will have an entry burn and an exit burn > Chemical > Dry – touching hot objects, e.g: a cooker.
- 3. Stratford Upon Avon First Aid By Persian Poet Gal at en.wikipedia [GFDL (www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-3.0 (www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], from Wikimedia Commons Depths of burns (1)
- 4. Depths of burns (2) Stratford Upon Avon First Aid > 1st degree / superficial: Minor damage to the top layer of skin. Normally appears as just redness. > 2nd degree / partial: Damage to several layers of skin. Causes blisters. > 3rd degree / full: Damage to skin and underlying tissue. May be charring of the skin.
- 5. Stratford Upon Avon First Aid First degree / superficial burn Redness of the skin is the main feature of first degree / superficial burns Most common cause is sunburn!
- 6. Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Second degree / partial burn Note the blistering of the skin
- 7. Stratford Upon Avon First Aid Third degree / full burn After some healing has occurred
- 8. General treatment for burns Stratford Upon Avon First Aid 1. Immediately cool the affected area with running water for at least 10 minutes 2. Cover the burn with a non-sticky dressing – clingfilm, a plastic bag, non-fluffy bandage 3. Seek medical attention, if the burn is serious then call an ambulance If running water is not available then improvise, any harmless liquid can be used to cool a burn.
- 9. What not do to Stratford Upon Avon First Aid > Do not try to remove clothing sticking to a burn, instead cool through the clothing > Do not apply toothpaste / butter / creams to a burn. Running water is the most effective cooling method. ●Exception: “Aftersun” lotion is useful for sunburn > Do not burst any blisters > Do not stop cooling before 10 minutes is up!
- 10. Infection control Stratford Upon Avon First Aid > Try and keep the wound as clean as possible > Try to avoid contact with the casualty’s blood ●Wear disposable latex / nitrile gloves if available ●If not, use any available items to create a barrier (e.g: a plastic bag) > Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water afterwards > Seek medical advice if you are concerned