This document provides an overview of a fingerprint-based security system project developed by students. The system uses a fingerprint sensor and microcontroller to identify users by matching their fingerprints to registered images. If a match is found, a DC motor or other device is activated to grant access. The system consists of a fingerprint module, microcontroller, LCD display, keypad, power supply, and DC motors. It operates by reading fingerprint images, comparing them to stored data, and controlling access devices accordingly.

1. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CHENGANNUR
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
A
PRESENTATION
ON
FINGERPRINT BASED SECURITY SYSTEM
Submitted by,
ARSHAD A.K
ANAND P.P
SHIKIL UNNIKRISHNAN
JINTU V .JOHN

2. INTRODUCTION
• FINGERPRINT RECOGNITION –TECHNIQUE FOR PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION.
• FINGERPRINTS ARE MADE UP OF LOCALLY PARALLEL RIDGES WITH SINGULAR
POINTS.
• BIOMETRICS IS THE AUTOMATED METHOD OF RECOGNIZING A PERSON BASED ON
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR BEHAVIORAL CHARACTERISTICS.
• OUR PROJECT IS DEVELOPED TO PROVIDE SECURITY FOR ORGANIZATION.
• THE FINGERPRINT SENSOR SENSE THE THUMB IMPRESSION OF CORRESPONDING
PERSON AND THAT IMAGE WILL BE COMPARED WITH REGISTERED IMAGE.
• IF BOTH THE IMAGES ARE UNIQUE, THEN FINGERPRINT DEVICE ACTIVATES THE
PARTICULAR TASK.

3. WHAT IS FINGERPRINT?
• THE SKIN ON OUR FINGERS ARE MADE UP OF MANY RIDGES OF SKIN THATARE
CREATED ,WHEN WE ARE STILL IN OUR MOTHER’S WOMB.
• THEY REMAIN THE SAME FOR THE REST OF OUR LIVES.
• EACH OF THE RIDGES CONNECT TO OTHER RIDGES, FORMING A PATTERN THAT IS
UNIQUE TO ALL OTHERS.
• NO TWO PEOPLE IN THE WORLD HAVE EXACTLY THE SAME PRINT.

4. FINGERPRINT PATTERNS
LOOPS
• RIDGE LINES ENTER FROM ONE SIDE AND CURVE AROUND TO EXIT FROM THE SAME
SIDE.
• 60-65% OF POPULATION HAVE THIS PATTERN.
WHORLS
• ROUNDED AND CIRCULAR RIDGE PATTERN.
• 30-35% OF POPULATION
ARCHES
• RIDGE LINES ENTER FROM ONE SIDE PRINT AND EXIT OUT THE OTHER.
• 5% POPULATION.

5. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
• WHEN A FINGER IS KEPT AT THE FINGERPRINT READER , IT WILL GIVE INFORMATION
ACCORDINGLY TO MICROCONTROLLER BY SENDING APPROPRIATE COMMANDS TO
READER AND IS DISPLAYED ON LCD.
• IF THE INFORMATION MATCHES WITH THE ONE WITHIN THE DEVICE,THEN THE DC
MOTOR INTERFACED TO MICROCONTROLLER RESPONDS ACCORDINGLY.
• IF THE INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE USER IS INCORRECT OR MISMATCH IN
FINGERPRINTS IS DETECTED AND ACCESS IS DENIED.
• FINGERPRINT READER AND MICROCONTROLLER UNIT ARE CONNECTED USING
SERIAL INTERFACE.

6. BLOCK DIAGRAM

7. MICROCONTROLLER AT89S52
• 8 KB OF MEMORY.
• 16 BIT PROGRAM COUNTER.
• USED TO CONTROL THE R305 FINGERPRINT MODULE.
FUNCTIONS:
• READING VARIOUS DIGITAL INPUT SIGNALS FROM FINGERPRINT SENSOR.
• SENDING THIS DATA TO LCD,SO THAT PERSON CAN UNDERSTAND THE STATUS.
• GIVING RESPECTIVE SIGNAL TO VARIOUS OUTPUT DEVICES.
• RELAY AND DC MOTOR FOR VALID ACCESS AND BUZZER FOR INVALID ACCESS.
• SENDING DATA TO COMPUTER USING SERIAL PORT.

8. FINGERPRINT MODULE

9. FINGERPRINT MODULE
• CONSISTS OF FINGERPRINT SENSOR AND SCANNING SECTION.
• FINGERPRINT PATTERN IS COMPOSED OF A SEQUENCE OF RIDGES AND VALLEYS.
• IN A FINGERPRINT IMAGE,RIDGES APPEAR AS DARK LINES WHILE VALLEYS ARE
LIGHT AREAS BETWEEN RIDGES.
• A CUT OR BURN TO A FINGER DOES NOT AFFECT THE UNDERLYING RIDGE
STRUCTURE AND ORIGINAL PATTERN WILL BE REPRODUCED WHEN NEW SKIN
GROWS.
• RIDGES AND VALLEYS GENERALLY RUN PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER,AND THEIR
PATTERNS CAN BE ANALYZED ON A GLOBAL AND LOCAL LEVEL.

10. LCD MODULE
• 16*2 LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY.
• THE LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY IS A LOW POWER DEVICE.
• A LIQUID CRYSTAL IS A MATERIAL THAT WILL FLOW LIKE A LIQUID BUT WHOSE
MOLECULAR STRUCTURE HAS SOME PROPERTIES NORMALLY ASSOCIATED WITH
SOLIDS.
• THE POWER REQUIREMENT IS TYPICALLY IN ORDER OF MICROWATTS FOR THE
LCD.

11. POWER SUPPLY
• MOST DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS AND PROCESSORS NEED A 5 VOLT POWER SUPPLY.
• A LM7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR IC IS USED.
KEYPAD
• USER WILL ENTER VARIOUS COMMANDS USING THE KEYPAD.
• VARIOUS KEYS OF KEYPAD ARE USED FOR ADDING FINGERPRINT ENTRY,FOR
SEARCHING FINGERPRINT,FOR EMPTYING THE DATABASE OF FINGERPRINT
MODULE.

12. DC MOTORS
• DC MOTORS CAN BE USED TO DRIVE THE GATES.
• DC MOTORS ARE ALWAYS PREFERRED OVER STEPPER MOTORS.
• LOW COST