Libraries, telecenters, and cybercafés play a critical role in extending the benefits of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to a diverse range of people worldwide. However, their ability to contribute to development agendas has come into question in recent times. The Global Impact Study was designed to address this debate by generating evidence about the scale, character, and impacts of public access ICTs in eight countries: Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Lithuania, the Philippines, and South Africa. This PowerPoint slidedeck provides an overview of the Global Impact Study, research design and methodology, and the study's key findings. The results show that a central impact of public access is the promotion of digital inclusion through technology access, information access, and development of ICT skills. Both users and non-users report positive impacts in various social and economic areas of their lives. This PowerPoint is available for others to use, adapt, and remix through a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license.
The document summarizes the findings of the 2007 Canadian Internet Project (CIP) survey. CIP examines Canadians' use of the Internet, media, and emerging technologies through national surveys conducted in 2004 and 2007. The 2007 survey included interviews with 3,150 Canadians aged 12 and older, as well as a specialized youth sample. CIP provides a detailed picture of technology adoption in Canada and allows for analysis of trends over time. It also places Canadian results in an international context through collaboration with the World Internet Project.
Damásio et al, 'Mobile Devices as drivers of Social Capital' at Communities i...Agnes Gulyas
Manuel José Damásio, Patrícia Dias, Sara Henriques and Inês Teixeira-Botelho, CICANT and Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Portugal, ‘Mobile Devices as drivers of Social Capital: How can apps’ change communication dynamics within a community’ presented at 'Communities in the Digital Age' International Symposium, Canterbury Christ Church University, UK, 12 June 2013
Listening to the ground: web and mobile technology option for public particip...Laban Bagui
The document discusses using web and mobile technologies to improve public participation in government in South Africa. It finds that while the country has made significant technology investments, public participation remains poor. Experts were interviewed and said participation only works for the rich/influential currently. The document suggests technologies like SMS, mobile sites, and online deliberation could help if designed locally and culturally connected. It presents models and scenarios for e-participation and identifies critical success factors like leadership, managing social capital, and focusing on access for all.
Generation Mobile: Internet and Online Media Usage on Mobile Phones among Low...tinokreutzer
Some results on mobile Internet and mobile media usage by low-income urban youth in South Africa. This quantitative study brings about detailed data on mobile phone usage among this at-risk population group. Full results, topline and original questionnaire are posted on http://tinokreutzer.org/mobile
Development as Freedom in a Digital Age Soren Gigler
Under what conditions can new technologies enhance the well-being of poor communities? The study designs an alternative evaluation framework (AEF) that applies Amartya Sen’s capability approach to the study of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in order to place people’s well-being, rather than technology, at the center of the study. The AEF develops an impact chain that examines the mechanisms by which access to, and meaningful use of, ICTs can enhance people’s “informational capabilities” and improve people’s human and social capabilities. This approach thus uses people’s individual and collective capabilities, rather than measures of access or use, as its principal evaluative space. Based on empirical evidence from indigenous communities’ use of new technologies in rural Bolivia, the study concludes that enhancing poor people’s informational capabilities is the most critical factor determining the impact of ICTs on their well-being. Improved informational capabilities, like literacy, do enhance the human capabilities of poor and marginalized peoples to make strategic life choices and achieve the lifestyle they value. Evaluating the impact of ICTs in terms of capabilities thus reveals no direct relationship between improved access to, and use of, ICTs and enhanced well-being; ICTs lead to improvements in people’s lives only when informational capabilities are transformed into expanded human and social capabilities in the economic, political, social, organizational, and cultural dimensions of their lives. The study concludes that intermediaries are bound to play a central, even fundamental, role in this process. They help poor communities to enact and appropriate ICTs to their local socio-cultural context so that their use becomes meaningful for people’s daily lives, enhances their informational capabilities, and ultimately improves their human and social capabilities.
Mobile Research for Advertising_Michael HanleySara Quinn
Part of the Mobile Communications Resource Center, this is one of several presentations created by Michael Hanley for Ball State University's College of Communication, Information and Media. All rights are reserved.
Christina Zarcadoolas - Leapfrogging: What Social Media Is Doing for Communic...Plain Talk 2015
"Leapfrogging: What Social Media Is Doing for Communicative Competence" was presented at the Center for Health Literacy Conference 2011: Plain Talk in Complex Times by Christina Zarcadoolas, PhD, Professor, CUNY School of Public Health at Hunter College.
Description: This presenter will discuss how social media and mobile technologies are helping minorities leapfrog the digital divide and what implications this has for communicating health information and advancing public health literacy.
The document summarizes the findings of the 2007 Canadian Internet Project (CIP) survey. CIP examines Canadians' use of the Internet, media, and emerging technologies through national surveys conducted in 2004 and 2007. The 2007 survey included interviews with 3,150 Canadians aged 12 and older, as well as a specialized youth sample. CIP provides a detailed picture of technology adoption in Canada and allows for analysis of trends over time. It also places Canadian results in an international context through collaboration with the World Internet Project.
Damásio et al, 'Mobile Devices as drivers of Social Capital' at Communities i...Agnes Gulyas
Manuel José Damásio, Patrícia Dias, Sara Henriques and Inês Teixeira-Botelho, CICANT and Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Portugal, ‘Mobile Devices as drivers of Social Capital: How can apps’ change communication dynamics within a community’ presented at 'Communities in the Digital Age' International Symposium, Canterbury Christ Church University, UK, 12 June 2013
Listening to the ground: web and mobile technology option for public particip...Laban Bagui
The document discusses using web and mobile technologies to improve public participation in government in South Africa. It finds that while the country has made significant technology investments, public participation remains poor. Experts were interviewed and said participation only works for the rich/influential currently. The document suggests technologies like SMS, mobile sites, and online deliberation could help if designed locally and culturally connected. It presents models and scenarios for e-participation and identifies critical success factors like leadership, managing social capital, and focusing on access for all.
Generation Mobile: Internet and Online Media Usage on Mobile Phones among Low...tinokreutzer
Some results on mobile Internet and mobile media usage by low-income urban youth in South Africa. This quantitative study brings about detailed data on mobile phone usage among this at-risk population group. Full results, topline and original questionnaire are posted on http://tinokreutzer.org/mobile
Development as Freedom in a Digital Age Soren Gigler
Under what conditions can new technologies enhance the well-being of poor communities? The study designs an alternative evaluation framework (AEF) that applies Amartya Sen’s capability approach to the study of information and communications technologies (ICTs) in order to place people’s well-being, rather than technology, at the center of the study. The AEF develops an impact chain that examines the mechanisms by which access to, and meaningful use of, ICTs can enhance people’s “informational capabilities” and improve people’s human and social capabilities. This approach thus uses people’s individual and collective capabilities, rather than measures of access or use, as its principal evaluative space. Based on empirical evidence from indigenous communities’ use of new technologies in rural Bolivia, the study concludes that enhancing poor people’s informational capabilities is the most critical factor determining the impact of ICTs on their well-being. Improved informational capabilities, like literacy, do enhance the human capabilities of poor and marginalized peoples to make strategic life choices and achieve the lifestyle they value. Evaluating the impact of ICTs in terms of capabilities thus reveals no direct relationship between improved access to, and use of, ICTs and enhanced well-being; ICTs lead to improvements in people’s lives only when informational capabilities are transformed into expanded human and social capabilities in the economic, political, social, organizational, and cultural dimensions of their lives. The study concludes that intermediaries are bound to play a central, even fundamental, role in this process. They help poor communities to enact and appropriate ICTs to their local socio-cultural context so that their use becomes meaningful for people’s daily lives, enhances their informational capabilities, and ultimately improves their human and social capabilities.
Mobile Research for Advertising_Michael HanleySara Quinn
Part of the Mobile Communications Resource Center, this is one of several presentations created by Michael Hanley for Ball State University's College of Communication, Information and Media. All rights are reserved.
Christina Zarcadoolas - Leapfrogging: What Social Media Is Doing for Communic...Plain Talk 2015
"Leapfrogging: What Social Media Is Doing for Communicative Competence" was presented at the Center for Health Literacy Conference 2011: Plain Talk in Complex Times by Christina Zarcadoolas, PhD, Professor, CUNY School of Public Health at Hunter College.
Description: This presenter will discuss how social media and mobile technologies are helping minorities leapfrog the digital divide and what implications this has for communicating health information and advancing public health literacy.
The Relationship of Cross-Cultural Social Network Usage Patterns to Brand Bus...Russ Merz, Ph.D.
A presentation delivered in Helsinki, Finland, July 4-8, 2012, to the Twenty-First Annual World Business Conference of the International Management Development Association (IMDA)
The document discusses the potential for mobile democracy (M-Democracy) to improve civic engagement and political participation, especially for "democracy-hungry groups" that lack access to traditional tools. It outlines emerging M-Democracy technologies like smartphones, applications for texting, videoconferencing and mobile blogging. The document proposes a framework showing how M-Democracy could supplement traditional media as a disruptive innovation, presents case studies of its use in Egypt, Nepal and Omaha, and concludes more development is needed to realize its potential.
Online technologies have positively impacted the field of public relations in several key ways:
1. Technologies like social media, websites, and video platforms enable PR professionals to easily access and share information with broad audiences, helping to increase attendance at events.
2. New media tools like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and YouTube allow PR to communicate with users in faster, easier, and more efficient ways.
3. Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign successfully utilized various new technologies like YouTube, Twitter, and websites to organize supporters and share information at low costs, demonstrating how PR can benefit from innovative use of online platforms.
The role of mobile telephony and new media tools in advocating and Combating ...Edward Richard Ahonobadha
The meeting brought together participants from East Africa to discuss monitoring and evaluation strategies for a project using community media, mobile phones, and online platforms to advocate and combat HIV/AIDS among youth. Key topics included designing online M&E systems, developing indicators, and criteria for awards recognizing the best community radio programs on HIV/AIDS. Discussions addressed audience research using mobile phones, ensuring balanced gender coverage, and combining online and offline advocacy efforts. The goal was to provide guidance on effective M&E and continued engagement through integrated use of various media.
Policy Brief : Pathways to Meaningful Access: Accessible digital services for...Mobile Age Project
Mobile Age project: https://www.mobile-age.eu/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693319.
This material reflects only the author's view and the Research Executive Agency (REA) is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
In emerging markets, eight out of ten small businesses cannot access the loans they need to grow. USAID’s Development Credit Authority (DCA) uses risk-sharing agreements to mobilize local private capital to fill this financing gap. The goal of this collaboration between UN Global Pulse and USAID is to explore how big data could support the work of USAID’s Development Credit Authority. Kenya has become an established tech leader in Africa in recent years – generating greater volumes of digital data as a result. The goal of this study is to explore what new sources of digital data, and methods for analysis, could be helpful in answering the question: “What barriers to accessing loans do small businesses in Kenya face?” Accordingly, this report paints a picture of the big data landscape in Kenya, shows preliminary findings, and lays the groundwork for further investigation.
Enhancing transparency and accountability mechanisms that directly empower citizens to better participate in decision-making processes of government and international donors is an imperative to achieving better and more sustainable development results on the ground. This paper analyzes the emerging Open Development Paradigm and investigates to what extent such a new approach towards citizen-centered development can make development programs more effective, responsive and inclusive. It provides concrete case studies of open governance programs that enhance the transparency and accountability of development agencies and foster the collaboration among all development actors in order to achieve better development outcomes and enhance the well-being of the poor.
This document discusses a study on student internet use in Ghana. The study aims to understand student internet adoption through an empirical integration of the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. It hypothesizes that factors like perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude, subjective norms, and prior experience affect behavioral intention to use the internet. The significance of the study is that internet use can improve education and job prospects for students, and help develop skills like computer literacy that are important for the workforce. Describing student internet use is important to understand how technologies can benefit users and what risks may be involved.
The report analyzes data from a 2013 survey of 2006 New Zealanders about their internet usage. It finds that 92% of respondents currently use the internet, while 3% were previous but not current users and 5% have never used the internet. The report categorizes internet users as Next Generation Users, who access the internet through multiple devices including mobile devices, First Generation Users who use fewer or more traditional devices, and Low Level Users who use the internet infrequently. The survey examines internet usage patterns and behaviors, as well as attitudes about online and offline information sources and activities.
The document discusses different modes of conducting surveys, including traditional, interview-based, email-based, web-based, mobile-based, and SMS-based surveys. It finds that SMS-based surveys provide the best solution in terms of time, cost and response rate compared to other modes. However, SMS-based surveys also have limitations like limited characters per SMS. The study concludes that existing survey modes need improvement to get maximum responses quickly at lowest cost. It contributes to understanding factors like cost, time and response rate for different survey modes.
Lee discussed Pew Internet's latest findings and why they suggest that libraries can play a role in people’s social networks in the future. He described the reasons that people rely more and more on their social networks as they share ideas, learn, solve problems, and seek social support. And he explored how libraries can act as "nodes" in people’s networks. 3/30/09
Tools and tactics - audience receptivity to social mediaJess Day
The document discusses the receptivity of different audiences to new and social media used by interest groups. It presents information on the types of audiences that interest groups aim to influence, including decision-makers, the public, and businesses. It also outlines the traditional, new, and social media tools that can be used to target different audiences, such as paper, email, social media, and semantic web tools. The document hypothesizes that new media represents an incremental change rather than a paradigm shift for interest groups, and that using the right mix of tools for each audience leads to greater influence. It finds that interest groups widely adopt new media but have diverging views on its importance, and that social media is best for mobilizing non-
This document provides an overview of e-governance and its application in developing countries. It defines e-governance as using information and communication technologies to improve government effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency. The document presents a four-phase e-governance model moving from information provision to full transactional capabilities. It also discusses technology impacts and provides two case studies of e-governance projects in Ghana and Tanzania aimed at better coordination and use of information for decision-making. Key challenges for developing countries include lack of infrastructure, skills, funding, and digital divides.
This document summarizes a qualitative research study that examined student and staff perceptions of information and communication technologies at a university. The study explored what technologies students and staff used in everyday life and education, the perceived benefits and limitations of these technologies in higher education, and whether a "digital divide" existed between these groups. The findings showed no significant differences between faculty and staff views of technologies' benefits and limitations for instruction. The study implies that universal technology access on campus may reduce the impacts of digital divides. However, the research had limitations such as a small sample size and inconsistencies in data collection.
The document summarizes an investigation of internet-based Korean politics using e-research tools. It discusses the development of tools like WeboNaver, Cyworld Extractor, and Twitter Extractor to analyze online prominence of politicians across platforms, semantic networks, and sentiment analysis. It also covers the theoretical framework and current status of e-research in South Korea.
The document summarizes a proposed research study assessing spatial and inter-sectoral divergence in the use of ICT in poverty alleviation in Tanzania. The study will use longitudinal data from 2005-2010 to analyze ICT use, income levels, and poverty trends across regions and sectors in Tanzania. It will assess the magnitude of differences in ICT use, identify factors influencing those differences, and evaluate the effects on poverty reduction efforts. The expected outcomes include policy recommendations and a report on integrating ICT use across spatial and sectoral divides to promote more balanced development and poverty reduction.
ICTs encompass a wide range of technologies used to process, store, and transmit information electronically. They have revolutionized connectivity by allowing vast networks to connect people and organizations across great distances at low cost. ICTs have significant potential to facilitate development by enabling the flow of information, ideas, people, and products. While ICT access and use is uneven between developed and developing areas, ICTs can help "leapfrog" development stages when used appropriately. Key applications of ICTs include education through improved access to information, remote healthcare delivery, citizen empowerment and participation, and opportunities for women and youth.
This article examines two related studies from 1999-2000 and 2009 that looked at digital inclusion among low-income Hispanic and African American communities in Austin, Texas. A total of 50 interviews from both time periods were analyzed longitudinally. The studies sought to understand how social and economic factors influenced individuals' decisions around adopting and using new technologies. Key factors included class, ethnicity, age, location, and gender norms. The analyses focused on the sources of cultural capital that shaped people's approaches to technology.
1) O relatório fornece feedback de avaliação 360 graus sobre as competências de liderança de Thomas Sample, incluindo médias por competência, comentários qualitativos sobre pontos fortes e áreas de desenvolvimento, e um plano de desenvolvimento pessoal.
2) Thomas é elogiado por sua capacidade de construção de equipe, comunicação efetiva e motivação, mas recebe feedback para melhorar a gestão do tempo, planejamento e organização.
3) O relatório destaca áreas como organização e planejamento como prioridades de desenvolvimento para Thomas melhor desempenhar suas
This document discusses strategic brand venturing in the U.S. beverage industry from 2001 to 2009. It notes that the industry grew 30% in retail sales and saw 19% growth in the number of brands over $1 billion during this period. One third of total industry growth came from categories that barely existed 5 years prior. The document outlines how entrepreneurs are driving disruption through new beverage categories and products. It also discusses the risks involved in venturing, noting that the average time to prove a disruptive concept is 4-10 years and success rates are low initially. The document advocates for companies to establish a distinct venture unit to identify and nurture brands with $1 billion potential through incubation and investment strategies.
The Relationship of Cross-Cultural Social Network Usage Patterns to Brand Bus...Russ Merz, Ph.D.
A presentation delivered in Helsinki, Finland, July 4-8, 2012, to the Twenty-First Annual World Business Conference of the International Management Development Association (IMDA)
The document discusses the potential for mobile democracy (M-Democracy) to improve civic engagement and political participation, especially for "democracy-hungry groups" that lack access to traditional tools. It outlines emerging M-Democracy technologies like smartphones, applications for texting, videoconferencing and mobile blogging. The document proposes a framework showing how M-Democracy could supplement traditional media as a disruptive innovation, presents case studies of its use in Egypt, Nepal and Omaha, and concludes more development is needed to realize its potential.
Online technologies have positively impacted the field of public relations in several key ways:
1. Technologies like social media, websites, and video platforms enable PR professionals to easily access and share information with broad audiences, helping to increase attendance at events.
2. New media tools like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and YouTube allow PR to communicate with users in faster, easier, and more efficient ways.
3. Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign successfully utilized various new technologies like YouTube, Twitter, and websites to organize supporters and share information at low costs, demonstrating how PR can benefit from innovative use of online platforms.
The role of mobile telephony and new media tools in advocating and Combating ...Edward Richard Ahonobadha
The meeting brought together participants from East Africa to discuss monitoring and evaluation strategies for a project using community media, mobile phones, and online platforms to advocate and combat HIV/AIDS among youth. Key topics included designing online M&E systems, developing indicators, and criteria for awards recognizing the best community radio programs on HIV/AIDS. Discussions addressed audience research using mobile phones, ensuring balanced gender coverage, and combining online and offline advocacy efforts. The goal was to provide guidance on effective M&E and continued engagement through integrated use of various media.
Policy Brief : Pathways to Meaningful Access: Accessible digital services for...Mobile Age Project
Mobile Age project: https://www.mobile-age.eu/
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 693319.
This material reflects only the author's view and the Research Executive Agency (REA) is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
In emerging markets, eight out of ten small businesses cannot access the loans they need to grow. USAID’s Development Credit Authority (DCA) uses risk-sharing agreements to mobilize local private capital to fill this financing gap. The goal of this collaboration between UN Global Pulse and USAID is to explore how big data could support the work of USAID’s Development Credit Authority. Kenya has become an established tech leader in Africa in recent years – generating greater volumes of digital data as a result. The goal of this study is to explore what new sources of digital data, and methods for analysis, could be helpful in answering the question: “What barriers to accessing loans do small businesses in Kenya face?” Accordingly, this report paints a picture of the big data landscape in Kenya, shows preliminary findings, and lays the groundwork for further investigation.
Enhancing transparency and accountability mechanisms that directly empower citizens to better participate in decision-making processes of government and international donors is an imperative to achieving better and more sustainable development results on the ground. This paper analyzes the emerging Open Development Paradigm and investigates to what extent such a new approach towards citizen-centered development can make development programs more effective, responsive and inclusive. It provides concrete case studies of open governance programs that enhance the transparency and accountability of development agencies and foster the collaboration among all development actors in order to achieve better development outcomes and enhance the well-being of the poor.
This document discusses a study on student internet use in Ghana. The study aims to understand student internet adoption through an empirical integration of the Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. It hypothesizes that factors like perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude, subjective norms, and prior experience affect behavioral intention to use the internet. The significance of the study is that internet use can improve education and job prospects for students, and help develop skills like computer literacy that are important for the workforce. Describing student internet use is important to understand how technologies can benefit users and what risks may be involved.
The report analyzes data from a 2013 survey of 2006 New Zealanders about their internet usage. It finds that 92% of respondents currently use the internet, while 3% were previous but not current users and 5% have never used the internet. The report categorizes internet users as Next Generation Users, who access the internet through multiple devices including mobile devices, First Generation Users who use fewer or more traditional devices, and Low Level Users who use the internet infrequently. The survey examines internet usage patterns and behaviors, as well as attitudes about online and offline information sources and activities.
The document discusses different modes of conducting surveys, including traditional, interview-based, email-based, web-based, mobile-based, and SMS-based surveys. It finds that SMS-based surveys provide the best solution in terms of time, cost and response rate compared to other modes. However, SMS-based surveys also have limitations like limited characters per SMS. The study concludes that existing survey modes need improvement to get maximum responses quickly at lowest cost. It contributes to understanding factors like cost, time and response rate for different survey modes.
Lee discussed Pew Internet's latest findings and why they suggest that libraries can play a role in people’s social networks in the future. He described the reasons that people rely more and more on their social networks as they share ideas, learn, solve problems, and seek social support. And he explored how libraries can act as "nodes" in people’s networks. 3/30/09
Tools and tactics - audience receptivity to social mediaJess Day
The document discusses the receptivity of different audiences to new and social media used by interest groups. It presents information on the types of audiences that interest groups aim to influence, including decision-makers, the public, and businesses. It also outlines the traditional, new, and social media tools that can be used to target different audiences, such as paper, email, social media, and semantic web tools. The document hypothesizes that new media represents an incremental change rather than a paradigm shift for interest groups, and that using the right mix of tools for each audience leads to greater influence. It finds that interest groups widely adopt new media but have diverging views on its importance, and that social media is best for mobilizing non-
This document provides an overview of e-governance and its application in developing countries. It defines e-governance as using information and communication technologies to improve government effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency. The document presents a four-phase e-governance model moving from information provision to full transactional capabilities. It also discusses technology impacts and provides two case studies of e-governance projects in Ghana and Tanzania aimed at better coordination and use of information for decision-making. Key challenges for developing countries include lack of infrastructure, skills, funding, and digital divides.
This document summarizes a qualitative research study that examined student and staff perceptions of information and communication technologies at a university. The study explored what technologies students and staff used in everyday life and education, the perceived benefits and limitations of these technologies in higher education, and whether a "digital divide" existed between these groups. The findings showed no significant differences between faculty and staff views of technologies' benefits and limitations for instruction. The study implies that universal technology access on campus may reduce the impacts of digital divides. However, the research had limitations such as a small sample size and inconsistencies in data collection.
The document summarizes an investigation of internet-based Korean politics using e-research tools. It discusses the development of tools like WeboNaver, Cyworld Extractor, and Twitter Extractor to analyze online prominence of politicians across platforms, semantic networks, and sentiment analysis. It also covers the theoretical framework and current status of e-research in South Korea.
The document summarizes a proposed research study assessing spatial and inter-sectoral divergence in the use of ICT in poverty alleviation in Tanzania. The study will use longitudinal data from 2005-2010 to analyze ICT use, income levels, and poverty trends across regions and sectors in Tanzania. It will assess the magnitude of differences in ICT use, identify factors influencing those differences, and evaluate the effects on poverty reduction efforts. The expected outcomes include policy recommendations and a report on integrating ICT use across spatial and sectoral divides to promote more balanced development and poverty reduction.
ICTs encompass a wide range of technologies used to process, store, and transmit information electronically. They have revolutionized connectivity by allowing vast networks to connect people and organizations across great distances at low cost. ICTs have significant potential to facilitate development by enabling the flow of information, ideas, people, and products. While ICT access and use is uneven between developed and developing areas, ICTs can help "leapfrog" development stages when used appropriately. Key applications of ICTs include education through improved access to information, remote healthcare delivery, citizen empowerment and participation, and opportunities for women and youth.
This article examines two related studies from 1999-2000 and 2009 that looked at digital inclusion among low-income Hispanic and African American communities in Austin, Texas. A total of 50 interviews from both time periods were analyzed longitudinally. The studies sought to understand how social and economic factors influenced individuals' decisions around adopting and using new technologies. Key factors included class, ethnicity, age, location, and gender norms. The analyses focused on the sources of cultural capital that shaped people's approaches to technology.
1) O relatório fornece feedback de avaliação 360 graus sobre as competências de liderança de Thomas Sample, incluindo médias por competência, comentários qualitativos sobre pontos fortes e áreas de desenvolvimento, e um plano de desenvolvimento pessoal.
2) Thomas é elogiado por sua capacidade de construção de equipe, comunicação efetiva e motivação, mas recebe feedback para melhorar a gestão do tempo, planejamento e organização.
3) O relatório destaca áreas como organização e planejamento como prioridades de desenvolvimento para Thomas melhor desempenhar suas
This document discusses strategic brand venturing in the U.S. beverage industry from 2001 to 2009. It notes that the industry grew 30% in retail sales and saw 19% growth in the number of brands over $1 billion during this period. One third of total industry growth came from categories that barely existed 5 years prior. The document outlines how entrepreneurs are driving disruption through new beverage categories and products. It also discusses the risks involved in venturing, noting that the average time to prove a disruptive concept is 4-10 years and success rates are low initially. The document advocates for companies to establish a distinct venture unit to identify and nurture brands with $1 billion potential through incubation and investment strategies.
This PPT is for commerce student to get better exposure in practical area of account and taxation help them to get better understanding about the subject and to enhance there employability skill.
This portfolio contains art work by Shwetha Aknur Guru. Her contact information is provided as shwethaaknur@yahoo.com. The portfolio is submitted for review.
CE Partners meeting Nrb enos_Swahili versionEnos Omondi
This document outlines the key aspects and steps of project monitoring. It defines project monitoring as the regular collection and analysis of information to track progress against objectives and targets. The main steps are: 1) collecting data on indicators, activities, resources, assumptions and impacts; 2) analyzing the data, comparing plans to actuals, and drawing conclusions; 3) making recommendations and taking corrective actions if needed, such as adjusting timelines, objectives or procedures. Effective monitoring involves tracking activities, resources, results and assumptions according to a project's logic model and work plan. It helps ensure projects stay on track and identifies any issues requiring management attention.
This document discusses hot rods and motorcycles. It mentions a Harley motorcycle that has been modified with a V8 engine. The document provides the date it was created and revised, with additional music added later. It encourages readers to view photos of these modified vehicles slowly to appreciate the details.
PluribusFund presented at the Washington, DC Economic Partnership's (WDCEP) & Small Business Administration's (SBA) Alternative Sources of Funding event held on September 26, 2013. PluribusFund, a new DC-based startup, is a Crowdfunding Portal designed to channel investment in local DC Metro projects that strengthen and enrich our communities.
The document provides information about partnership opportunities for the "We Choose DC" reception event on May 18, 2014 in Las Vegas. Sponsorship levels include District Sponsor for $15,000, Quadrant Sponsor for $10,000, and Ward Sponsor for $5,000. Each level provides various marketing and event benefits such as logo placement, tickets, and branding opportunities. The reception will be held at the Azure pool in the Palazzo hotel from 6-9pm and will host over 400 attendees. Contact information is provided for those interested in partnership opportunities.
This document is a memorial for Memorial Day that lists the names and service details of American service members who died in service to their country. It includes quotes about valor, service, sacrifice, and remembrance. The document honors those who gave their lives for our freedom.
The Washington Area Community Investment Fund (WACIF) is a nonprofit community development loan fund that has been operating for 26 years. WACIF provides access to capital and technical assistance to underserved communities and small businesses. It offers loans, seminars, mentoring and financial assessments to help clients start and grow their businesses. In 2012, WACIF provided assistance to over 500 individuals, packaged 44 loans totaling $2.6 million, conducted seminars and loan programs, and added 15 new investors to its Access to Capital Loan Fund.
The document provides an overview of the District of Columbia's regulatory processes for businesses from the Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs. It summarizes the services provided by the Business Licensing Division, Corporations Division, and Small Business Resource Center to help businesses navigate licensing, permitting, and compliance. Upcoming initiatives include expanding online services and partnerships to further streamline support for small businesses.
The DC Doing Business Guide is an updated and improved version of the previous
edition released in 2012. The new guide covers information essential to relocating,
starting and expanding your business in the District of Columbia. Topics covered include Business Registration & Licensing, Business Financing & Taxes, Financial Incentives, Starting a Franchise, Technology Company Resource Guide and Doing Business with Local & Federal Government, among others. The 2014/2015 edition was released in August 2014.
The WDCEP’s Annual Meeting & Development Showcase (AMDS) has been the premier gathering of DC’s top business and community leaders to celebrate the District’s vibrant economy.
The half-day program begins with the Development Showcase featuring exhibitors representing almost every major commercial, retail, and housing development in the District. The Development Showcase is followed by a luncheon meeting that has attracted up to 1,000 attendees in past years.
This document provides an overview of wealth structuring solutions for entrepreneurs, including grantor retained annuity trusts (GRATs) and other estate planning strategies. GRATs allow individuals to transfer appreciating assets to beneficiaries with little or no gift tax by retaining an annuity for a term of years. They are a viable estate tax strategy to transfer assets that are expected to significantly appreciate. The document also discusses other options like lifetime gifts and charitable transfers that can help reduce estate and gift taxes.
In 2010, a massive earthquake struck Chile, followed by a tsunami that devastated several coastal communities. The Libraries, Telecenters, and the 2010 Chile Earthquake project examines post-disaster information and communication needs, services provided by libraries and telecenters, and how emergency management might be improved. Researchers found that libraries and telecenters played an important role in responding to the crisis. The project team concluded: (1) that governments should include these venues in emergency plans, (2) that library-telecenter alliances and coordination could be improved; (3) that there is a need to develop tools and provide training to make it easier to organize and communicate in post-emergency situations.
This document summarizes an exploratory study on the role and impact of open data technology intermediaries in Kenya. The study assessed how intermediary applications affect citizen awareness of open data availability, increase data consumption and use, and impact governance. A mixed methodology was used, including surveys, interviews, and user experience research. Emerging findings showed that while citizens access some government data, awareness of open data initiatives is low. Data quality issues also hindered use. Well-designed intermediary platforms can enhance access and usability of open data.
Literature review on the impact of public access to information and communica...Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a literature review of research on the impacts of public access to information and communication technologies. The review found limited conclusive evidence on the downstream impacts of public access to ICTs. Some studies found impacts in areas like skill development and job creation, while others found limited impacts. More research is needed that quantifies impacts across different contexts using consistent methodologies.
Literature review on the impact of public access to information and communica...Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a literature review of research on the impacts of public access to information and communication technologies. The review found limited conclusive evidence on the downstream impacts of public access to ICTs. Some studies found impacts in areas like skill development and job creation, while others found limited impacts. More research is needed that quantifies impacts across different contexts using consistent methodologies.
Less is More: An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship Between Amount o...UXPA International
Does more information elicit users’ compliance and engagement, or the other way around?
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Presented by Nim Dvir
This document discusses a case study of the Youth Community Multimedia Centre (YCMC) in rural Bangladesh. YCMC was established in 2004 to provide information and technology training to local communities. It aims to reduce poverty and the digital divide through initiatives like workshops, information dissemination, and developing audio/video contents on social issues. Interviews with users and observations at YCMC found that it provides an important community learning space, especially for empowering women through basic computer training and employment opportunities. However, its long-term sustainability depends on maintaining the four resources outlined in Heeks' information chain model: technology, organizational, financial, and human.
Development as Freedom in a Digital Age Soren Gigler
This presentation summarized the main findings of the recent publication Development as Freedom in a Digital Age. It provides an overview( i) the alternative impact evaluation framework of information and communications technologies on development based on Amartya Sen's capability approach and (ii) presents empirical evidence from rural Bolivia on the conditions under which ICTs can reduce poverty and empower local communities. The book addresses the following main issues (i) what is the impact of ICTs on the well-being of poor communities? (ii) how to evaluate the impact of ICTs on development from a human development perspective? (iii) which factors influence the successful implementation of ICT programs?
The document discusses using research to promote the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It provides an overview of projects conducted by Dr. Ebele Mogo to apply research on Canadian children with disabilities. These include rapid reviews and policy dialogues in British Columbia to identify priority areas and engage stakeholders. Other projects include a scoping review on interventions for childhood disability and a systematic review on inclusive leisure participation. The document reflects on challenges in bridging research and the SDGs and fostering ecosystems for knowledge co-production to drive action.
ICT4D refers to using information and communication technologies for development purposes. Crowdsourcing involves outsourcing tasks to a large group of people through an open call. It has several advantages for development projects, including engaging affected populations and triangulating information to verify reports. Crowdsourcing methods can be unbounded, bounded, or combined. Successful crowdsourcing requires defining the issue, crowd, tools, analysis, action, and monitoring. Examples of ICT4D and crowdsourcing projects discussed include a text messaging health project in Kenya, crisis mapping in Sudan, and using Twitter to share voicemails from Egypt during an internet blackout.
Community informatics (CI) involves providing information and communication technologies (ICTs) and tools to communities to help them achieve their local development goals. CI is bottom-up and community-driven, empowering communities to own and control ICTs. It focuses on the needs of communities and implements technologies accordingly. CI draws on multiple disciplines and links researchers, practitioners, and policymakers. Examples of CI include telecenters providing rural information services, a rural health center using teleconferencing, and a rural tourism program managed through a local ICT center.
This document summarizes an audit of technology use within the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS). The audit found high usage of technologies like computers and smartphones among participants, facilitators, and member organizations. However, access to and reliability of the internet varied significantly depending on location. While digital literacy was generally high, experience with e-learning was more limited. The audit aims to help WAGGGS develop appropriate online educational resources and communities by understanding current technology capabilities and challenges faced by stakeholders around the world.
The document discusses leveraging technology for community consultation and engagement. It provides an example of how the City of Kingston used technology throughout their LivingKingston2035 consultation process to create broader awareness, increase participation, and manage and derive value from the large amount of data collected. Over 6,000 community members participated, providing over 13,500 ideas. Technology allowed effective sorting and analysis of this data to inform decision making. Lessons from this case study emphasize planning technology use, making data central, and preparing for open data initiatives.
3. Concept Note_Eng-Promoting_Transparency_Increased_Access_Information kevin...Ny Mia Tran, PhD
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The document provides background on the challenging socioeconomic context in Philadelphia at the time the Freedom Rings Partnership launched its programs. It describes high poverty rates, low educational attainment, and lagging broadband adoption compared to national averages. The Partnership aimed to address these issues by expanding computer and internet access and training to vulnerable populations through its KEYSPOT program, with the goal of improving digital literacy, workforce development, and community engagement.
The document discusses the impacts of internet on youngsters. It outlines some of the perceived advantages like learning, working, playing, communicating, shopping and creating communities differently than previous generations. Some disadvantages mentioned are exposure to unwanted sexual material and influence of tobacco advertising. The study aims to understand these impacts and whether youth prefers internet over traditional media. It uses exploratory research design involving observation and secondary data collection to analyze the importance of internet for youth and scope for improvement.
The document discusses Mobile Information Literacy (MIL), an adaptable training curriculum for smartphone users. MIL topics include introducing smartphones and mobile internet, searching for and evaluating information, mobile security, and exploring locally relevant apps. MIL was first used in Myanmar in 2015 and has continued there with additional funding. In March 2018, MIL training also took place in Nakuru, Kenya. In the US, MIL could help the 12% of Americans who have smartphones but no home broadband access.
Family farming is a predominant form of agriculture both in developed and developing countries, with over 500 million productive units in the entire world, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). FAO is promoting 2014 as the international year of family farming. This particular form of agriculture work refers to farms that are managed by family members and are usually small or medium in size and productivity. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are playing a key role in this scenario. New generations, mainly, are in permanent movement, conceiving the two spaces as complementary. Mobile phones, particularly, are providing today a great platform to connect them to the "rurbanity," a new (key) concept to understand hybrid spaces where cities and the countryside are part of the same social reality.
This document discusses the role of libraries in the digital age. It outlines that the document will cover the worldwide impact of libraries, innovations in libraries, and partnerships with libraries. It then provides data that shows library services people want, which services people view as very important, and how public access venues provide people's first experiences with computers and developing ICT skills. It also shows data on internet access at home across countries and examples of library innovations in Romania, Ghana, and worldwide. Finally, it provides data that over 40% of organizations surveyed would be very likely to support a partnership program with public libraries.
This document discusses the potential for public libraries to serve as innovation spaces in society. It notes that traditionally, spaces for learning, producing, and innovation have been closed-membership environments like schools and workplaces. However, there is a growing category of "in-between" open membership spaces like hacker spaces, co-working spaces, and community centers. The document cites research suggesting there is demand for collaborative and group work environments in places that provide public access like libraries. It argues that libraries could potentially become innovation spaces, but that this role has mostly been limited to activities for children or non-tech areas. More consideration needs to be given to how libraries could be reconfigured to foster serendipitous interactions and support open
This document summarizes the findings of a global study on the impact of public access to information and communication technologies (ICTs). The study found that:
I. Public access venues provide many individuals with their first experience using computers and accessing the Internet, and remain the only option for Internet access for about a third of users.
II. Users engage with ICTs in public access venues for education, employment, health and other social and economic activities. For example, many users searched for jobs and applied for jobs they found online at these venues.
III. Public access venues play a critical role in developing users' digital and ICT skills. Mobiles are not a full substitute, as public access supports different types of
1) The document summarizes findings from a five-year study across eight countries on the impact of public access to information and communication technologies (ICTs).
2) It found that public access venues provide many users with their first experience using computers and the internet, and for some users it is the only option for ICT access. Using these venues helps develop users' ICT skills.
3) While impacts vary, public access was found to support communications, education, and access to services. It can also serve as a stepping stone to private ICT access and skills development. The benefits of public access extend beyond direct users to their social networks as well.
The document summarizes findings from a global study on the impacts of public access to information and communication technologies (ICTs). The study surveyed over 5,000 users and 2,000 non-users of public access venues like libraries, telecenters, and cybercafes across six countries. Key findings include: 1) Public access venues provide many users' first experience with computers and the internet and are the only option for access for some; 2) Users develop skills and access information for education, employment, and more; 3) Perceived impacts vary but include communication, education, and economic opportunities. The study also uncovered hidden impacts on former users and families of current users.
We all know what the typical library computer space looks like — rows of computers, each one occupied by a single person using the technology on his or her own. The underlying notion driving this configuration is that people need access to information, and that this access is optimized when each person is left alone to use the computer and internet (with assistance from a librarian when a need arises). This is the “access to information” model, and libraries have long excelled at providing this form of access.
There is another model that is experiencing tremendous growth and excitement—innovation spaces—physical places that foster community, collaboration, and creation. The notion behind these spaces is that creativity and innovation are stimulated when people and ideas come into contact with one another, not when they are isolated. There are many types of innovation spaces—hackerspaces, makerspaces, coworking spaces—all of which are founded on the “access to each other” model.
In this talk, Chris presented the concept of innovation spaces, provided a tour of different types of spaces, and discussed the economic, social, and technical drivers of this movement. Thoughts on the important role of libraries in providing such spaces for their communities were also shared.
We all know what the typical library computer space looks like — rows of computers, each one occupied by a single person using the technology on his or her own. The underlying notion driving this configuration is that people need access to information, and that this access is optimized when each person is left alone to use the computer and internet (with assistance from a librarian when a need arises). This is the “access to information” model, and libraries have long excelled at providing this form of access.
There is another model that is experiencing tremendous growth and excitement—innovation spaces—physical places that foster community, collaboration, and creation. The notion behind these spaces is that creativity and innovation are stimulated when people and ideas come into contact with one another, not when they are isolated. There are many types of innovation spaces—hackerspaces, makerspaces, coworking spaces—all of which are founded on the “access to each other” model.
In this talk, Chris presented the concept of innovation spaces, provided a tour of different types of spaces, and discussed the economic, social, and technical drivers of this movement. Thoughts on the important role of libraries in providing such spaces for their communities were also shared.
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
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The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
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In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024Hiroshi SHIBATA
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The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
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Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
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Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
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During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up SlidesDanBrown980551
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
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Power Grid Model
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Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
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In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
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In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
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Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
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JavaLand 2024: Application Development Green Masterplan
Findings from the Global Impact Study of Public Access ICTs
1. Connecting People for Development: Why
Public Access ICTs Matter
Findings of the Global Impact Study of Public
Access to Information and Communication
Technologies (ICTs)
3. BACKGROUND
The history of public access to ICTs
Public access ICT research to date
Major critiques of public access venues
4. A BRIEF HISTORY OF PUBLIC ACCESS TO ICTS
Possibly most visible ICT for development (ICTD) initiative during
1990s-2000s
Huge resource investments by governments and development
agencies
Parallel emergence of profit-oriented public access enterprises
Primary aim of non-profit public access programs
Close digital divides
Enhance access to information for social and economic
development
Theory of change
Access to computers and the internet = access to information =
improved health, education levels, employment opportunities,
incomes, etc.
High expectations about impact of public access venues on
development
5. RESEARCH ON PUBLIC ACCESS ICT IMPACTS
Hype of public access venues spurred much research
Public access was the top ICTD research area in the 2000s, but:
• Scattered, isolated studies
• Highly localized studies
• Mostly anecdotal impact evidence
• Inconclusive impact evidence
• No studies on indirect impacts or impacts on non-users
• Indications that “disadvantaged” populations not being reached – users mostly
middle class, young, males.
• Conflicting claims about impacts of public access ICTs; uncertainty about return
on investment
6. MAIN CRITIQUES OF PUBLIC ACCESS ICTS
4 main critiques:
1. Public access ICTs are failures because they are financially
unsustainable
2. Public access ICTs are only used for frivolous activities,
such as playing games
3. Public access ICTs are no longer needed because mobile
phones have replaced them
4. Public access ICTs are irrelevant as ICTs are now
mainstreamed into other areas (health, agriculture, etc.)
The Global Impact Study was initiated to address these
critiques and much more
7. ARE PUBLIC ACCESS ICT VENUES…
failures?
make_change
frivolous?
mikekogh
needed? digital.democracy
irrelevant? DFID
8. THE GLOBAL IMPACT STUDY
About the study
Research design
Research methods:
1. Inventory of public access venues
2. Surveys of venues, users, and non-users
3. In-depth studies
9. THE GLOBAL IMPACT STUDY
Goal: To answer the question: do public access ICTs impact people’s
lives?
• Generate evidence
• Produce policy and program recommendations
• Advance open research
Global five-year $5 million research project
Funding support from the International Development Research
Centre (IDRC) and a grant to IDRC from the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation
Led by the Technology & Social Change Group with over 30 research
partners around the world
10. this is a blank slide for photos or graphics
Lithuania
Ghana
Botswana
South Africa
Bangladesh
Philippines
Chile
Brazil
THE LARGEST STUDY OF ITS KIND
11. RANGE OF COUNTRIES
8 countries: Bangladesh, Botswana, Brazil, Chile, Ghana,
Lithuania, Philippines, South Africa
Geographic and socio-economic diversity
Low and middle income status
Rationale:
To explore conditions that may facilitate impacts, not
to compare one country to another
To identify potential universally relevant findings
13. DIFFERENT MODELS OF ACCESS
3 main types of public access venues explored:
o Public libraries
o Telecenters
o Cybercafés
Defined public access as any venue open to the public;
does not have to be publicly funded
Cybercafés dominate the public access landscape in
most countries
14. DEFINITIONS
14
ICTs: information and communication technologies -
computers only, OR computers and internet; mobile
phones were not included
Impacts: impacts of public access phenomenon, not
evaluation of specific public access ICT programs
16. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
16
The study explored 3 central research questions:
1. What are the social and economic impacts of
public access to ICTs?
2. What is the magnitude of these impacts and
how can we measure them?
3. What is the relationship between the costs
and benefits of providing and using public
access ICTs?
17. IMPACT FACTORS & DEVELOPMENT DOMAINS
17
Impact Factors Impact Domains
Reach Communications & Leisure
Use Culture & Language
Physical design & location Education
Services & operations Employment & Income
Information ecologies Governance
Policy context Health
18. RESEARCH METHOD #1: INVENTORY
18
The study began with an inventory to count and
categorize all public access venues in selected countries
The inventory used existing administrative information
sources
Helped to quantify the magnitude of the public access
ICT phenomenon
Served as a sampling frame for surveys
Facilitated analysis by type of establishment,
geographical location and other characteristics
6 countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Lithuania,
Philippines
All of the inventory data is included in a web database
20. RESEARCH METHOD #2: SURVEYS
20
5 COUNTRIES: Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, and Philippines
VENUE OPERATOR SURVEY
Identify venue design
Operational
characteristics
Perceptions of impact
USER SURVEY
• Identify user
characteristics
• Usage patterns
• Perceptions of impact
NON-USER SURVEY
• Identify non-user
characteristics
• Potential indirect
impacts
21. SURVEY SAMPLE
21
Venue breakdown by country
Libraries Cybercafés Telecenters Other Total
Bangladesh 4 99 148 0 251
Brazil 6 192 39 5 242
Chile 71 109 22 41 243
Ghana 4 220 14 12 250
Philippines 18 229 13 1 261
Total 103 849 236 59 1,247
Venue Survey: 1,247 total (~250 in each country)
User Survey: 5,010 total (~1,000 in each country)
Non-User Survey: 2,000 total (~400 in each country)
22. RESEARCH METHOD #3: IN-DEPTH STUDIES
In-depth Study Country Sites Research Methods
Infomediaries & infomediation Bangladesh, Chile, Lithuania Ethnographies, focus groups,
interviews, panels, field visits
Shared use & knowledge sharing Ghana User surveys, designing content
sharing system, developing user
behavior application
Gaming & non-instrumental
uses
Brazil User interviews, computer-
based exercises
Mobile internet South Africa Operator interviews, user
interviews, user surveys
Interpersonal communications Philippines User surveys, parent focus
groups, operator interviews
Benefit-Cost Chile User surveys, non-user surveys,
general population survey
Livelihoods Botswana User surveys, interviews, focus
groups
7 targeted topics were investigated to take a closer look at salient & contested
issues surrounding public access ICTs
23. IN-DEPTH STUDY #1: INFOMEDIARIES
Purpose: To investigate the role of infomediaries and the process of
infomediation in shaping outcomes for users at public access venues. An
infomediary is defined as a person working in a public access venue who
combines coaching and technological resources to serve users’ needs.
Countries: Bangladesh, Chile, Lithuania
Principal Investigators:
Ricardo Ramirez (University of Guelph)
Balaji Parthasarathy (International Institute of Information Technology,
Bangalore)
Andrew Gordon (University of Washington)
Research methods:
Ethnographies
Focus groups
Infomediary interviews
Panels
Field visits
24. IN-DEPTH STUDY #2: COLLABORATIVE KNOWLEDGE SHARING
Purpose: To explore why people share computers at public access venues and
how people interact, share knowledge, and work together at cybercafés
Country: Ghana
Principal Investigator: Michael Best (Georgia Institute of Technology)
Research methods:
Cybercafé user surveys
Designing & deploying BusyBoard, an online content sharing system and
display at a cybercafé
Developing & piloting a computer application to analyze video recordings of
user behavior
25. IN-DEPTH STUDY #3: NON-INSTRUMENTAL USES
Purpose: To explore the value of non-instrumental uses (gaming, chatting,
social networking) of public access ICTs and identify if computer skills are gained
through non-instrumental uses, and if so, if these skills are transferrable to
“productive” tasks
Country: Brazil
Principal Investigator: Beth Kolko (University of Washington)
Research methods:
Interviews with users
Administering computer-based exercises (CBEs) to users
26. IN-DEPTH STUDY #4: MOBILE INTERNET
Purpose: To explore the interplay between public access venues and mobile
phones and the advantages and disadvantages of different use models
Country: South Africa
Principal Investigators:
Marion Walton (University of Cape Town)
Jonathan Donner (Microsoft Research India)
Research methods:
Venue operator interviews
Interviews and task analyses with teenage venue users
User questionnaires
27. IN-DEPTH STUDY #5: INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION
Purpose: To examine the role public access venues play in facilitating
connectedness of families separated by overseas work
Country: Philippines
Principal Investigator: Erwin Alampay (University of the Philippines)
Research methods:
Surveys of children of overseas workers
Focus groups with parents who lived abroad
Interviews with cybercafé managers
28. IN-DEPTH STUDY #6: BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS
Purpose: To explore the costs and benefits of providing and using public access
ICTs
Country: Mainly Chile, with user & non-user survey data from all survey
countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, Ghana, Philippines)
Principal Investigator: Tyler Blake Davis (University of Washington)
Research methods:
Contingent valuation survey (by phone)
Non-user surveys
User surveys
29. IN-DEPTH STUDY #7: SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS
Purpose: To explore the impact of public access venues on education, income
generation, and employment opportunities for users
Country: Botswana
Principal Investigators:
Angelina Totolo (University of Botswana)
Jacobus Christiaan Renken (University of Botswana)
Research methods:
User surveys
Interviews
Focus groups
30. FINDINGS
User snapshot
Digital inclusion
Social & economic impacts
Communications & leisure activities
Value of public access
Mobile phones
31. USER SNAPSHOT
Majority of users are:
Young (68% under 25 years old)
Male (65%)
Educated (82% high school +)
Students (44%)
Employed (39%)
Proficient in English (74%)
Majority of users:
Have +3 years computer & internet experience
(60%)
Have medium or high computer skills (80%)
Have medium or high internet skills (69%)
Own ICTs:
• Computers (56%)
• Internet access (28%)
• TV (95%)
• Radio (83%)
• Mobile phones (96%)
Jewish Agency
Corycam
31
32. DIGITAL INCLUSION
Dorian V.
A major contribution of public access is digital inclusion (technology access,
information access, and ICT skills)
Digital inclusion is necessary before people can realize social and economic
benefits
33. THE CRITICAL FIRST TOUCH
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Bangladesh Brazil Chile Ghana Philippines
%ofusers
First use of computer at public access venue First use of Internet at public access venue
For more than half of the user survey respondents, a public access venue
provided them with their:
• first ever contact with computers (50%)
• first ever contact with the internet (62%)
In countries with lower socio-economic standing (Bangladesh & Ghana),
public access provided almost 80% of users with their first contact
34. ONLY OPTION FOR ACCESS
Public access venues
were the only source of
access to the internet
for at least a third
(33%) of survey
respondents
The majority of
respondents (over
55%) would see a
decrease in their use of
ICT if public access
venues were no longer
available
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
To get help from other users
To get help from venue staff
Better equipment than home or work
No other option for computer access
To work or be with friends or other
people
No other option for Internet access
Main reasons for using public access venues
35. ACCESS TO INFORMATION OF ALL KINDS
Users see public access
venues as places where a
broad range of
information needs can
be met
Almost half of users
(47%) had come to the
public access venue on
the day of the survey to
look for specific
information
0 20 40 60 80
Culture & language
Health information
Government services
News
Employment & business
opportunities
Entertainment
Education
Type of Information Sought
36. DIGITAL LITERACY – ICT SKILLS
Users identified public
access venues as the
most important place at
which they developed
their computer (40%)
and internet (50%) skills
– more than home or
school
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Public
access
venue
Home School
Computer
Internet
37. VENUE STAFF SUPPORT DIGITAL INCLUSION FOR
NOVICE USERS
7% of all users use public
access mainly to get help from
venue staff
quinn.anya
22% of users in Bangladesh use public
access mainly to get help from venue staff
Users in Bangladesh have lower
computer/internet skills and experience
Staff empathy is more important than ICT
skills for novice users
While ICT skills are more important for
advanced users, they too welcome
empathy in a different form (e.g. being left
to work without interruption)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%ofusers
Frequency of seeking assistance from
venue staff, every time or most times
38. DIGITAL INCLUSION – NON-USERS BENEFIT TOO
18% of non-users surveyed were former public access
users
30% of ex-users first used a computer at a public
access venue
35% of ex-users first used the internet at a public
access venue
40% of former users developed their computer &
internet skills at a public access venue
39. SOCIAL & ECONOMIC IMPACTS
The positive impacts of public access venues are most experienced in the
two areas of universal relevance to users – communication and education
In other areas, positive impacts are experienced by users when the area is
more relevant and higher priority
Particular impacts do not have to be experienced by a majority of users in
order to be considered important
40. IMPACTS VARY ACROSS CATEGORIES
Highest proportions of perceived positive impacts in social, leisure, &
education
Lowest proportions of perceived positive impacts in many of the
priority domains
High proportions of no perceived impact in many categories
Highest perceived negative impacts in financial savings and time savings
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Communication with family & friends
Education
Pursuing interests & hobbies
Meeting new people
Pursuing other leisure activities
Time savings
Access to employability resources & skills
Financial savings
Access to government information & services
Local language/culture activities
Health
Income
Sending or receiving remittances
Positive
None
Negative
41. DOMAIN USE LEVELS CAN EXPLAIN PERCEIVED IMPACTS
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Communications
& Leisure
Education Employment &
Income
Culture &
Language
Health Governance
% of users engaged in domains in the last 12 months
All Venues
42. PERCEIVED POSITIVE IMPACTS INCREASE
WITH USE FREQUENCY
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Education Communications &
Leisure
Government Culture & Language Health Employment &
Income
Did not use Rarely Sometimes Most times Every time
For each domain, positive impacts were most likely to be perceived by
people who had used that domain in the last 12 months
All domains showed a dramatic increase in perceived positive impact
perceptions for the users who more frequently used a venue for that domain
43. USER NEEDS DRIVE USE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Didn't have the
need
Didn't think of
it
No specific
reason
Security of my
information
Privacy Some other
reason
%ofusers
Why didn’t you use public access for…
Employment & Income Education Health Governance Culture & Language
The number one reason people don’t use public access for particular domains is
because they didn’t have the need
44. Did you search
for a job?
(57%)
Did you find
information to
apply? (89%)
Did you
apply?
(91%)
GOAL ACHIEVEMENT
Did you search for
info on how to use
government
services? (64%)
Did you find
information
you were
looking for?
(94%)
Do you feel
more
knowledge
able on
how to
use? (95%)
Employment &
Income
Governance
When users do use public
access for specific reasons,
they are successful in doing so
and in following though
Across all tasks in all domains,
approximately 90% of users
took action based on the
information they found
Public access is useful when
people have an information
need
45. INDIRECT IMPACTS
Non-users also benefit from public access ICTs
Indirect impacts of public access venues ripple out
into communities
60% of non-users have family or friends who use
public access
Up to 63% of non-users perceive positive impacts
from family/friend’s use of pubic access
46. COMMUNICATIONS & SOCIAL NETWORKS
Large percentages of users (12-
37%) said that email or social
networking was the most
important resource for
achieving goals in various
domains
Using public access ICTs for
communicating with friends
and family can lead to other
impacts and support
development aims
Communications and leisure activities at public access
venues can contribute to development goals
47. MORE THAN FUN & GAMES
94%
6%
Has using public access
computers for
communications and leisure
improved your overall ICT
skills?
Yes No
Non-instrumental uses (gaming,
social) can lead to instrumental
(employability) skills
Public access can
help keep families
connected when
separated by
migrant work
KC Wong
48. THE VALUE OF PUBLIC ACCESS
Ryan McFarland
(National Library in Peru)
49. PEOPLE VALUE PUBLIC ACCESS:
WILLINGNESS TO PAY
People want access,
regardless of where it is:
Where users don’t have a
variety of venue options,
they are prepared to pay to
get to whatever venue is
available
Non-users value public
access: Non-users are willing
to pay for other people to
have public access
IMTFI
50. LIBRARIES ARE HIGHLY VALUED…
WHERE THEY EXIST
Where people do have a choice of venues, public
libraries are highly valued where they exist
$0.00
$10.00
$20.00
$30.00
$40.00
$50.00
$60.00
Libraries Telecenters Cybercafés
Willingness to pay to prevent reduced hours in…
Chile
51. MOBILE PHONES ARE NOT A SUBSTITUTE
Almost all users surveyed have a
mobile phone (96%)
85% of users have never used
mobile internet
The majority (88%) of public access
users use a mobile phone daily or
almost daily
Only 4% of non-users don’t use
public access venues because of
mobile phones ICT4Gov.net
• Researchers in South Africa found
that mobile phones complement,
rather than replace, public access
venues
• Teens have developed practices to
maximize use of both mobile phones
and public access computers &
internet Marion Walton
52. PUBLIC ACCESS MOVING FORWARD
Is public access still relevant?
Recommendations
• For governments & donor organizations
• For practitioners
• For researchers
Open data
More information & resources
53. IS PUBLIC ACCESS STILL RELEVANT?
YES, public access is still relevant!
Public access…
Plays a critical role in extending the benefits of ICTs to many
Constitutes the only option for access for many
Has not been replaced by mobile phones for ICT access
Is part of an ecology of information and communication
resources including mobile phones, TV, radio etc., all of which
have a role in meeting people's information needs
Can play an important role in all countries, regardless of the level
of connectivity or socioeconomic factors
54. RECOMMENDATIONS: GOVERNMENT & DONOR
ORGANIZATIONS
1. Provide strategic support for public access venues: Based on ICT access levels and
needs of particular communities
2. Use existing infrastructure: Consider leveraging public library and cybercafé facilities
where they exist
3. Provide and publicize specific information and services through public access
venues: For example: government, educational, or health information
4. Embrace communications and non-instrumental uses: Restrictions on uses such as
gaming, chatting, and social networking eliminate alternative pathways to building
ICT and workplace skills
5. Assess performance against realistic measures: Public access venues may foster
internet access and the development of basic digital skills, but cannot guarantee
other outcomes such as increased income
55. RECOMMENDATIONS: PRACTITIONERS
1. Adopt a flexible approach to rules: Some restrictions can inhibit behaviors that have
the potential to lead to development outcomes. Make adjustments to policy while
being sensitive to the needs of users, societal trends, and new knowledge.
2. Embrace mobile phone services: Venues may be able to enhance their services by
introducing mobile-based services such as Wi-Fi access for mobile phone users or
computer reservations through SMS
3. Do not rule out fees too quickly: Users have demonstrated willingness to pay for
public access ICT facilities. Venues facing sustainability challenges could consider
charging fees, taking into account socioeconomic status of priority groups and
potential users.
4. Design venue environment to facilitate infomediation: Venue configuration can be
adjusted to meet the collaboration needs of users and to enable venue staff to spot
which users need assistance and which do not
5. Make users aware of content availability in priority domains: Actively publicize
available resources relevant to areas of priority concern
56. RECOMMENDATIONS: RESEARCHERS
1. Build on methodological lessons: Much work remains to be done
to develop and strengthen methodologies for conceptualizing,
identifying, and measuring public access impacts
2. Explore open inventory and survey data: Conduct deeper analysis;
for example, exploring specific user populations, past impacts and
indirect impacts of public access using the study’s openly available
datasets
57. OPEN RESEARCH, OPEN DATA
The Global Impact Study embraced an open research approach by making
publicly available all of the datasets, research tools and instruments,
methodology, and more
All resources are freely available to the public for access, use, and adaptation
under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license
To access the inventory data, visit: http://database.globalimpactstudy.org/
To access the survey datasets and instruments, visit:
http://www.globalimpactstudy.org/resources/resources-surveys/
To view a subset of the data and create data visualizations, visit:
http://spark.rstudio.com/tascha/globalimpactstudy/
All other Global Impact Study resources can be found at:
http://tascha.uw.edu/projects/global-impact-study/publications/
58. MORE INFORMATION
More information about the Global Impact Study of Public Access to ICTs can be
found here: http://tascha.uw.edu/projects/global-impact-study/
The material presented in these slides is based on the final report of the Global
Impact Study, Connecting people for development: Why public access ICTs
matter – available here: http://tascha.uw.edu/publications/connecting-people-
for-development
For questions, please contact tascha@uw.edu