Educ 1, nurture vs nature Nature refers largely to our genetics. It includes the genes we are born with and other hereditary factors that can impact how our personality is formed and influence the way that we develop from childhood through adulthood. Nurture encompasses the environmental factors that impact who we are. People who support nurture highly value the impact of experience. The nature vs. nurture debate involves people pondering, conducting experiments, and studying whether or not certain traits are inherited or learned. In general, nature looks at the impact of such physical approaches as neurotransmitters and genome sequencing on child development, while nurture focuses on aspects such as peer pressure and social influences. Nurture assumes that correlations between environmental factors and psychological outcomes are caused environmentally. For example, how much parents read with their children and how well children learn to read appear to be related. Other examples include environmental stress and its effect on depression. Introduction. Nature is what we think of as pre-wiring and is influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors while nurture is generally taken as the influence of external factors after conception i.e. the product of exposure, experience, and learning on an individual. Many researchers consider the interaction between heredity and environment—nature with nurture as opposed to nature versus nurture—to be the most important influencing factor of all. Height is another example of a trait influenced by an interaction between nature and nurture. A child might inherit the genes for height. THE SIX PRINCIPLES OF NURTURE GROUPS. Children's learning is understood developmentally. The classroom offers a safe base. Nurture is important for the development of self-esteem. Language is understood as a vital means of communication. All behaviour is communication. Transitions are significant in the lives of children

1. Issues on
human
development
and Psychology

2. PRESENTORS:
GUBALLA, Micheal John O.
HIGAYON , Kurt Briant p.
JAVIER,Jireh Mae M.
KILLAPOS, Melfrin

3. OBJECTIVES:
Definition of the human
development
01
Know the issues and debates
of developmental psychology
02
Explain every issues of
development
03
Justify and advocate the
issues of human
development.
04

4. INTRODUCTION
The interaction of heredity and
environment is so extensive that to ask
which is more important , nature or
nurture, is like asking which is more
important to a rectangle , height or
width.
- William
Greenough

5. Is the pattern of movement or change
that begins at conception and continues
through the lifespan.
Includes growth and decline.
Development can be positive
or negative.
HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT

6. TOPIC 3.1:Developmntal psychology issues
and debates
• Nature vs. Nurture
•Continuity vs. Discontinuity
•Early vs. Later experiences
•Stability vs. Changes
To be presented
by JAVIER

7. Nature vs. Nurture
v
s
STRENGTHS
THREATS
WEAKNESS
OPPORTUNITIES
Nature
• Genetics , physical appearance ,biological
influences.
Supporters of this view are known as
hereditarians and nativist s
Nuture
Environment upbringing and social influences.
• External factors,

8. Nature vs.
Nurture • Personality
• Cognitive trait temperant
• psychology
Concerned with the relative
Contribution of that both influence
make to human behaviour.

11. Genetic factors were mainly responsible
even going so far as to suggested that
intelligence is 80% inherited.
Mainly due to logical and empirical
weaknesses.
More social and political implications that
often drawn to demonstrate natural
inequalities between social groups.
Jenson 1969
Implications

12. Based on environmentalist
Differences are due to inbuilt biases methods
Differences of intellectual ability are product of social
inequalities.
Does not apply debate but is equally relevant to psychology of sex
and gender.

13. Assumption Debates
Nature
Vs.
Nurture
• Modify and create environments
correlate with their genetic
disposition.
• Environmental effects to
large extent really reflect to
genetic differences. ( Plomin &
Bergeman , 1991)
Assumes that correlation between environmental factors and
psychological outcomes caused environmentally.

14. • Demonstrate that multiple
genes collectively contribute on
specific behaviours.
• Apposed to being determined
by a single gene.
Polygenetic
inheritance

15. Nature and Nurture
The differences of human
development is always related to
both factor of genetic and
experience that make every
evidences prove their points.

16. Continuity – emphasizes the
development and changes which
occur gradually in an individual,
mostly a continuing development
like a growing starfish.
Discontinuity – the change is
abrupt and a step-like
development occur in an
individual .
A development with stages like
the analogy of a butterfly.
Continuity vs.
Discontinuity
To be presented
by HIGAYON

17. Competing theories of
continuity vs.
discontinuity
Developmental psychology that attempt
to explain how people change though the
course of their lives
change
Development
Understanding
40%
30%
20%
10%
Contin
uity
theor
y
Discon
tinuity
theory
Continuity theory – says that someone throughout their
life along a smooth course
Discontinuity theory – says that people change
abruptly.

18. Early vs. Later Experiences
- Focuses on the degree in which
determines the child s development
throughout its early experiences and be
solve though later experiences.
- Gives guidance for helping an
individual s development by tracing its
origin and psychological quality.
Experience throughout
infancy.
EARLY EXPERIENCE
Considered to be giving large
impact of an individuals
development.
Key factor of overcoming early
traumatic experiences that burden an
individuals development.
Key determinant of an
individual s development.
LATE EXPERIENCE
To be presented
by KILLOPAS

19. Stability – idea that personality traits remain
stable of a person over time.
Change – idea that a personality can shift
overtime as a result of life experiences.
In developmental theory :
- in this theory that certain personality certain
personality traits remain regardless of a persons
development.
To be presented
by Guballa

20. Developmental Change
Brain function Behaviour
Environmental factor
Gene expression
The process of change occur in human
beings throughout development .
Cognitive process
• All evolve in cross
level interactions and
are characterized as
dynamic
developmental change
overtime.
• Both interpreted to
each other over given
time scale.

21. A life long process of;
• Physical
• Behavioural
• Cognitive
• Emotional growth
Human development change
From the early stages of life
; from baby hood-child
hood-adolescence –
adulthood –enormous
change take place.

22. References :
McLeod, S. A. (2018, December 20). Nature vs nurture in psychology. Simply Psychology.
www.simplypsychology.org/naturevsnurture.html
https://study.com/learn/lesson/continuity-vs-discontinuity-human-development.html
McLeod, S.A. (2017).Developmental Psychology. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/applied-
and-social-sciences-magazines/stability-psychological
Guedes, J., Melo, S. (2019). Continuity Theory. In: Gu, D., Dupre, M. (eds) Encyclopedia of Gerontology
and Population Aging. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69892-2_749-1
Front. Psychol., 10 October 2017
Sec. Developmental Psychology
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01774
Golenia L, Schoemaker MM, Otten E, Mouton LJ and Bongers RM (2017) What the Dynamic Systems
Approach Can Offer for Understanding Development: An Example of Mid-childhood Reaching. Front.
Psychol. 8:1774. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01774
Clarke, G. The genetic basis of developmental stability. IV. Individual and population asymmetry
parameters. Heredity 80, 553–561 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2540.1998.00326.x

23. THANK YOU
Insert the Subtitle of Your Presentation

25. Examples of nature –
nurture debate in
psychology
• Perception
• Language
• Cognitive
development

26. Approaches to psychology
Nature - Nurture
BIOLOICAL
APPROACH
Genetic ,ho
rmonal and
neurochemic
al
explanation
of
behaviour
PSYCHOAN
ALYSIS
Nature –
innate
drives of
sex and
aggression.
Nurture –
social
upbringing
in early
age .
COGNITIVE
PSYCHOLOGY
Innate
mental
structures
such as
schemas ,
perception ,
memory and
constant
change form
environment.
HUMANIS
M
Maslow
emphasized
basic needs
society
influences.
BEHAVIOURI
SM
Learn from
environment
through
conditioning

27. Behavioural genetics
• Variation in behaviour as it is affected by genes.
• Heredity units pass down to offspring from parents.
• Able to quantify the nature and nurture of psychological traits.

28. Nativism
Certain physical
characteristics are
biologically
determined by
genetic inheritance.
Simple
PowerPoint
Presentation
30%
Empiricism
Assumption ,at birth
human mind is a tabula
rasa and is gradually filled
as result of experiences.
Extreme Nature
Position
Extreme Nurture Position

29. Topic 3.2: Nature vs. Nurture
. NATURE NURTURE
Influence of
external
factor ,product ,
experience and
learnings.
Pre-wiring and
influences by
genetics
inheritance or
other biological
factor.

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