Bioremediation and Biodegradation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils: A Reviewiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) multidisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal with reputable academics and experts as board member. IOSR-JESTFT is designed for the prompt publication of peer-reviewed articles in all areas of subject. The journal articles will be accessed freely online
Abstract Biosorption is bioengineering where metabolism independent adsorption of xenobiotics to living or dead cells takes place.Microorganisms dead or alive are successfully exploited for bioremediation of xenobiotics by biosorption. In the present study bioremediation of xenobiotics of textile industry effluent was carried out by biosorption using dead fungus biomass of Aspergillus flavus. The dead biomass of fungus Aspergillus flavus shows maximum biosorption for three toxic components of textile industry effluent under different parameters. Methyl orange biosorption was found to be 53.62% at room temperature, at pH 5.5, with biomass concentration of 2g/L having contact time of 40 min and the dye concentration was 1ppm. Chromium biosorption was 72.18%, at pH 6, at room temperature with biomass concentration of 2g/L having contact time of 10 min and solution concentration 200ppm. Lead biosorption was found to be 76.12%, at pH 7, at room temperature with biomass concentration 2g/L having contact time of 40 min and solution concentration 1ppm. Desorption studies were also performed and was found that dead fungal biomass can be reused further. Key words: Bioengineering, Bioremediation, Biosorption, Textile industry effluent, Methyl Orange, Chromium, Lead, Aspergillus flavus .
Bioremediation and Biodegradation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils: A Reviewiosrjce
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) multidisciplinary peer-reviewed Journal with reputable academics and experts as board member. IOSR-JESTFT is designed for the prompt publication of peer-reviewed articles in all areas of subject. The journal articles will be accessed freely online
Abstract Biosorption is bioengineering where metabolism independent adsorption of xenobiotics to living or dead cells takes place.Microorganisms dead or alive are successfully exploited for bioremediation of xenobiotics by biosorption. In the present study bioremediation of xenobiotics of textile industry effluent was carried out by biosorption using dead fungus biomass of Aspergillus flavus. The dead biomass of fungus Aspergillus flavus shows maximum biosorption for three toxic components of textile industry effluent under different parameters. Methyl orange biosorption was found to be 53.62% at room temperature, at pH 5.5, with biomass concentration of 2g/L having contact time of 40 min and the dye concentration was 1ppm. Chromium biosorption was 72.18%, at pH 6, at room temperature with biomass concentration of 2g/L having contact time of 10 min and solution concentration 200ppm. Lead biosorption was found to be 76.12%, at pH 7, at room temperature with biomass concentration 2g/L having contact time of 40 min and solution concentration 1ppm. Desorption studies were also performed and was found that dead fungal biomass can be reused further. Key words: Bioengineering, Bioremediation, Biosorption, Textile industry effluent, Methyl Orange, Chromium, Lead, Aspergillus flavus .
Bioremediation of wastewater by microorganismsadetunjiEwa
ABSTRACT
The term bioremediation has been introduced to describe the process of using biological
agents to remove toxic waste from environment. Bioremediation is the most effective management tool to manage the polluted water and recover contaminated waste water. It is an attractive and successful cleaning technique for polluted environment; it has been used at a number of sites worldwide, with varying degrees of success.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL SPILLS
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION
Subtopics
Bio remediation in hot and cold environments
Use of Nitrogen fixing Bacteria
Bio remediation using fungi from soil samples
Bio remediation using bacteria and case studies
With the expansion and development of the aquaculture industry, several challenges arise. The intensification of production systems increases the pressure on the environment, which can severely affect water quality and as a consequence fish or shrimp performance and the incidence of diseases.
"Remediate" means to solve a problem, and "bio-remediate" means to use biological organisms to solve an environmental problem such as contaminated soil or groundwater.
Bioremediation means to use a biological remedy to abate or clean up contamination.
According to the EPA, bioremediation is a “treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non toxic substances”.
Biodegradation or biological degradation is the phenomenon of biological transformation of organic compounds by living organisms, particularly the microorganisms.
Biodegradation basically involves the conversion of complex organic molecules to simpler (and mostly non-toxic) ones. The term biotransformation is used for incomplete biodegradation of organic compounds involving one or a few reactions. Biotransformation is employed for the synthesis of commercially important products by microorganisms.
Bioremediation refers to the process of using microorganisms to remove the environmental pollutants i.e. the toxic wastes found in soil, water, air etc. The microbes serve as scavengers in bioremediation. The removal of organic wastes by microbes for environmental clean-up is the essence of bioremediation. The other names used (by some authors) for bioremediation are bio-treatment, bio-reclamation and bio-restoration.
It is rather difficult to show any distinction between biodegradation and bioremediation. Further, in biotechnology, most of the reactions of biodegradation/bioremediation involve xenobiotic.
Bioremediation of wastewater by microorganismsadetunjiEwa
ABSTRACT
The term bioremediation has been introduced to describe the process of using biological
agents to remove toxic waste from environment. Bioremediation is the most effective management tool to manage the polluted water and recover contaminated waste water. It is an attractive and successful cleaning technique for polluted environment; it has been used at a number of sites worldwide, with varying degrees of success.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL SPILLS
CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION
Subtopics
Bio remediation in hot and cold environments
Use of Nitrogen fixing Bacteria
Bio remediation using fungi from soil samples
Bio remediation using bacteria and case studies
With the expansion and development of the aquaculture industry, several challenges arise. The intensification of production systems increases the pressure on the environment, which can severely affect water quality and as a consequence fish or shrimp performance and the incidence of diseases.
"Remediate" means to solve a problem, and "bio-remediate" means to use biological organisms to solve an environmental problem such as contaminated soil or groundwater.
Bioremediation means to use a biological remedy to abate or clean up contamination.
According to the EPA, bioremediation is a “treatment that uses naturally occurring organisms to break down hazardous substances into less toxic or non toxic substances”.
Biodegradation or biological degradation is the phenomenon of biological transformation of organic compounds by living organisms, particularly the microorganisms.
Biodegradation basically involves the conversion of complex organic molecules to simpler (and mostly non-toxic) ones. The term biotransformation is used for incomplete biodegradation of organic compounds involving one or a few reactions. Biotransformation is employed for the synthesis of commercially important products by microorganisms.
Bioremediation refers to the process of using microorganisms to remove the environmental pollutants i.e. the toxic wastes found in soil, water, air etc. The microbes serve as scavengers in bioremediation. The removal of organic wastes by microbes for environmental clean-up is the essence of bioremediation. The other names used (by some authors) for bioremediation are bio-treatment, bio-reclamation and bio-restoration.
It is rather difficult to show any distinction between biodegradation and bioremediation. Further, in biotechnology, most of the reactions of biodegradation/bioremediation involve xenobiotic.
What is The Meaning Of Biodegradation?
A biodegradable product can dissolve easily in the environment without destroying nature. It’s the opposite of plastic and Styrofoam, which harm the environment.
The meaning of biodegradation is breaking down of organic substances by the help of other living organisms such as bacteria and microbes.
History:
The first known use of the word in biological text was in 1961 when employed to describe the breakdown of material into the base components of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen by microorganisms .
BIOREMEDIATION?
What Is BIOREMEDIATION?
Potential hazards
Mechanism of Bioremediation
Types Of Bioremediation
CONTAMINANTS ..BREAK DOWN BIOREMEDIATION
Microorganisms (Pure cultures) helpful in bioremediation
BIOREMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES
In situ bioremediation Techniques
.BIOVENTING
BIOAUGMENTATION
BIOSPARGING
Ex situ bioremediation Techniques
LAND FARMING
COMPOSTING
BIOREACTORS
Advantages of Bioremediation
Disadvantages to Bioremediation
Led a team of four in the recently concluded Northeast section of the Ohio Water Environment Association. In the slides, It describes the alternatives and recommended solution to treat wastewater that has pharmaceuticals contaminants in it. My team cane second place in a total of seven teams
Biomethanation of organic waste, Anaerobic degradation,Degradation of organic...salinsasi
Energy has a major economical and political role to play in the modern day society. Energy consumption in the developed countries has more or less stabilized whereas in developing countries like India and China it is increasing at a phenomenal rate. The Government is looking forward to Biomethanation as a secondary source of energy by utilizing industrial, agricultural and municipal solid wastes. A large amount of money is being invested in this direction with various projects under different stages of implementation and many to follow them. Hence the long-term sustainability of the technology needs to be judged. Various potential merits of Biomethanation like reduction in land requirement for disposal, preservation of environmental quality, etc. are the spin off of the process. A study of biomethanation plant in different developed countries and India has been carried out. To understand the technical feasibility in the Indian context, a comparison is made between the characteristics of Indian waste and the ideal wastes characteristics. Further problems of the operational stability, commercial viability of biomethanation in India, developmental plans covering issues in the formulation of national policy, improvements in collection and transportation systems, marketing strategy, and funds allocation has been highlighted .With the growing energy crisis supplemented by environmental concerns, Biomethanation can serve as a potential waste-to-energy generation alternative.
With the ever increasing awareness of green house gases and its adverse impact on the environment, pursue of Biomethanation of Municipal Solid Waste will drastically reduce the emission of CH4 and CO¬2, earning the country precious carbon credits. It will also forge India among developing countries, leading in adoption of technology which suffices the broad guidelines as laid under KAYOTO PROTOCOL.
High-performance CO2 sorbents from algae - presentation by Magdalena Titirici in the Biomass CCS session at the UKCCSRC Cardiff Biannual Meeting, 10-11 September 2014
Treatment of refractory organic pollutants in industrial wastewater by wet ai...Muhammad Moiz
Wet air oxidation (WAO) is one of the most economical and environmentally-friendly
advanced oxidation processes. It makes a promising technology for the treatment of refractory
organic pollutants in industrial wastewaters. In wet air oxidation aqueous waste is oxidized in
the liquid phase at high temperatures (125–320 C) and pressures (0.5–20 MPa) in the presence
of an oxygen-containing gas (usually air). The advantages of the process include low operating costs
and minimal air pollution discharges.
CH-3. Anaerobic treatment of wastewaterTadviDevarshi
Anaerobic treatment process, Effects of pH, temperature and other parameters on anaerobic treatment, Concept of anaerobic contact process, anaerobic filter, anaerobic fixed film reactor, fluidized bed and expanded bed reactors and up flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor.
COD reduction of aromatic polluted waste water by Advanced Oxidation Process ...Wade Bitaraf
In most petrochemical complexes and oil refineries the wastewater contains the aromatic compounds among which Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl Benzene and Xylene (BTEX) have harmful effects on environment and human health. The present work mainly deals with the UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), UV/H2O2 were tested in batch reactor systems to evaluate the removal efficiencies and optimal conditions for the photodegradation of BTEX in order to wastewater treatment. The efficiency of this method was analyzed by evaluating the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) as a pollution criterion through the COD reactor. The influence of the basic operational parameters such as initial concentration of H2O2, pH, Temperature, irradiation time and UV amount on the photo degradation of BTEX were also studied. The oxidation rate of BTEX and respectively the reduction rate of COD were low when the oxidation was carried out in the absence of H2O2 or UV light. The addition of proper amount of hydrogen peroxide improved the degradation, while the excess hydrogen peroxide could quench the formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH). The optimal conditions of suspended slurry with 1.11(g/l) initial concentration of H2O2 and pH value of 3.1 were obtained under three UV lights illumination (6 W). Under the optimal conditions, COD reduction during the initial period of 180 min in UV/H2O2 systems reached about 90%.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Leading Change strategies and insights for effective change management pdf 1.pdf
1 lieberman-ecec2012 - bioremediation 05-10-2012
1. May 10, 2012
Bioremediation -
How microbes are used to clean up
DOD Installations
Traditional Innovative
Environmental Services Solutions & Technologies
Chemical • Petroleum • Pharmaceutical • Manufacturing • Utilities • Land Development
2. Overview
► Who is Solutions-IES?
► Brief History of Remediation Technology
► Bioremediation basics
► Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination
► Project Examples
► New Technologies & Emerging Contaminants
3. Who is Solutions-IES, Inc.?
Full service environmental company
► Formed in Raleigh in 1999
► Licensed Engineering and Geology firm
► Woman Owned Small Business (WOSB)
Certified 8(a) DB firm
North Carolina HUB
► DCAA approved accounting system
► Serving DoD and private industry
► Providing both traditional and innovative solutions
4. Historical Perspective
(1980s to 2000)
► Pump & Treat
► Dig & Haul
Energy & Capital intensive
Transfer contamination
between medium
Difficult to reach closure
5. Historical Perspective
(mid-1990s to mid-2000s)
► In Situ Treatment Technologies
Physical:
• Air Sparge;
• Soil Vacuum Extraction (SVE);
• In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO);
• Fe0 walls
Biological:
• Biosparge;
• Biovent;
• Oxygen and Nutrient Addition;
• Substrate Addition;
• Biobarriers
6. Current Perspective
(mid-2000s to now)
► Optimization
► Sustainability
► Emerging Contaminants
Chlordane
1,4-Dioxane
PFOS/PFOA
Low Permeability Zones
8. In Situ Bioremediation
In Situ Bio Remediation
In Place Microbial Method to Fix
Biological agents (bacteria, fungi, plants, or their enzymes) used to
clean up pollution in the environment.
Reference: Lisa Alvarez-Cohen, Civil and Environmental Engineering
University of California, Berkeley, Earth Science Division, LBNL
9. How Does It Work?
Growth-Promoting Biological Reduction
+ +
Electron Donor Electron Acceptor Waste Products Energy
(Food) (something to breathe) [CO2, N2, FeS2, Cl-]
[O2, NO3-, SO42-, TCE, etc.]
(Drawing Modified from AFCEE and Wiedemeier)
10. Applying In Situ Bioremediation
Natural
Biostimulation Bioaugmentation
Attenuation
Have Have Need
Microbes Microbes Microbes
Have food Have food
Need food
and and
or nutrients
nutrients nutrients
13. Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination
► In Situ anaerobic bioremediation
► Injected into contaminated aquifer
► Source zone and/or PRB treatment
► The organic substrate:
Develops an anaerobic and reducing treatment zone
Generates hydrogen through fermentation reactions
Stimulates microbial growth and metabolism of contaminants of
concern
14. Dehalococcoides ethenogenes
► Multiple strains (BAV1, 195, VS, MB, FL2)
► Obligate anaerobe
► Disc-shaped; spontaneous motility
► Prefers neutral pH environment
► Complete dechlorination to VC & ethene
► Grows slowly; prefers life in consortium
► Uses acetate for C source;
H2 as electron donor
► Can use chloroethenes,
chlorophenols and PCBs as
terminal electron acceptors.
16. Tarheel Army Missile Plant
1944 – 1992 GOCO Facility
► 1993 Soil and groundwater contamination discovered
(BTEX and TCE)
► 1995 AS/SVE placed in operation
► 1999 P&T initiated NW corner
► 2003 Guaranteed fixed price bids from multiple
vendors
► 2004 Army selects Solutions-IES to perform work
► 2004 AS/SVE system turned off and
Solutions-IES begins EOS® injection
17. Costs (in $1,000)
Pilot Full
Vendor Process - Reagent Total
(GFP) (Est.)
NA MNA 0 250 250
Solutions-IES ERD - EOS 256 728 984
Magnus pHA Cometabolic- C3H8 321 894 1,215
Cl-Solutions Cometabolic- Cl-Out 373 1,141 1,515
Arcadis ERD - molasses 339 1,456 1,795
Electro-Petroleum AS with CO2 291 1,763 2,054
Regenesis ERD - HRC 475 1,645 2,120
Geo-Cleanse ISCO - Fenton 281 2,411 2,692
18. TAMP Site Conditions
Source area 100’ x 100’
Existing AS/SVE System
► Oxidative conditions
Chlorinated Solvents
► 2 – 4 mg/L
19. Regulatory Challenges
Groundwater Reinjection
► Recovered groundwater is a “waste”
► Innovative below-ground reinjection system
Bioaugmentation
► First approved use of DHC
bioaugmentation in NC
20. TAMP - Summary
► EOS® effectively distributed throughout treatment area
► Quickly established favorable geochemistry for reductive
dechlorination
► TCE reduced to below detection (<1.0 µg/L) in monitor wells
in treatment area
► Remedial goals met within
6 months of injection
► US Army has sold property!
► Site has been redeveloped as
commercial / office complex
22. Site History
• Former WWTP (SWMU 1),
• TCE plume with DNAPL source
• Sulfuric acid spill 1983
• Concentrations in the source area:
pH – 3.5
TCE – 18,000 µg/L
• Remedial activities:
P&T 1986-1997
ISCO w/Fenton’s 1998-1999
MNA for downgradient plume
• Further treatment required
23. Remediation Plan
• AquaBupH™ to promote in situ
bioremediation
Emulsified oil substrate
Alkaline solids to adjust pH
Nutrients
• Pilot Study – 2008
2 injections in source area
• Full-Scale – 2010
2 rounds of injections
AquaBupH™ is a licensed product of EOS Remediation, LLC.; Raleigh, NC
24. pH affects on Dehalococcoides sp.
pH=7.0
pH=6.5
pH=6.0
pH=5.5 & 8.0
.
Ashley Eaddy, 2008 Scale-Up and Characterization of an Enrichment Culture for
Bioaugmentation of the P-Area Chlorinated Ethene Plume at the Savannah River
Site. M.S. Thesis, Clemson University.
26. Emerging Contaminants &
New Technologies
Soil Remediation
► VOS™
► Range Sustainability
► Chlordane
GW Remediation
► EAS™
► MNA for perchlorate remediation
27. Summary
► Bioremediation
Wide range of applicability
One of many remediation options
Sustainable
Cost-effective
► On-going Research
Micro-Biological Tools (MBTs)
Emerging Contaminants
Optimization
28. Contact
Tony Lieberman
Solutions-IES, Inc.
Raleigh, NC
919-873-1060 (ext. 117)
tlieberman@solutions-ies.com
www.Solutions-IES.com
Editor's Notes
Natural Attenuation – biotransformation occurs naturally: indigenous microbes present, substrates & nutrients present (can be MNA)Biostimulation - indigenous microbes present, substrates &/or nutrients must be addedBioaugmentation – indigenous microbes not present, organisms are added
The WWTP received domestic and industrial wastes from the 40’s through the 70’s. Releases resulted in xxxx. NAVFAC has tried several remedial actions to address the contamination including pump and treat and isco using Fenton’s reagent. The combination of DNAPL and very low pH levels resulting from the sulfuric acid spill would imply that biological reductive dechlorination may be limited or impossible. Our objective was to evaluate the potential for a substrate with added buffering agents to raise the pH levels and promote biological reductive dechlorination.
Remedial objectives: raise pH and distribute oil to promote biodegradation. This project has progressed in a series of stages. We began work in 2008 with a small pilot study in the presumed source area where injected an emulsified oil substrate (EOS) with alkaline solids – AquaBupH. We saw a very good response in the well with the highest concentrations (AE-01), pH levels were adjusted and concentrations diminished. Based on those results, NAVFAC contracted us to conduct a full-scale injection. We collected some additional information on the aquifer materials and geochemistry which I will discuss in more detail later. In May/June 2010, we injected AquaBupH across the site.
TOC distributed well across the site. pH levels raised in many of the wells, some lag in other wells presumably as buffer overcomes the high acidity of the aquifer. pH levels in the wells exposed to pilot study have responded well and pH is within the optimal range for bioreductivedechlorination. In addition, we had strongly reducing ORP values, we were generating methane and the aquifer conditions appeared to be appropriate for the microbes to do their work.