Data Communications,Data Networks,computer communications,multiplexing,spread spectrum,protocol architecture,data link protocols,signal encoding techniques,transmission media
Data Communications,Data Networks,computer communications,multiplexing,spread spectrum,protocol architecture,data link protocols,signal encoding techniques,transmission media
This ppt contains information about concepts of wireless communication, signal propagation effects, spread spectrum, cellular systems, multiple access systems.
This ppt contains information about concepts of wireless communication, signal propagation effects, spread spectrum, cellular systems, multiple access systems.
These slides cover a topic on Spread spectrum in Data Communication. All the slides are explained in a very simple manner. It is useful for engineering students & also for the candidates who want to master data communication & computer networking.
It is the repeated switching of frequencies during radio transmission, often to minimize the effectiveness of "electronic warfare" - that is, the unauthorized interception or jamming of telecommunications.
introduction to licence plate recognition technique, optical character recognition, functions used in the program, pros and cons, applications, future scope.
introduction to photosynthesis, artificial photosynthesis, history, photolytic cell, how does AP work, artificial leaf, applications, pros and cons of the technology.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
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Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
2. Introduction
• Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) is a method of
transmitting radio signals by rapidly switching a carrier among
many frequency channels, using a pseudorandom sequence
known to both transmitter and receiver.
• The data signal is modulated with a narrowband carrier signal
that "hops" in a random but predictable sequence from
frequency to frequency as a function of time over a wide band
of frequencies.
• It is used as a multiple access method in the frequency-
hopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA) scheme.
8. Uses of FSHH
• Military use
• Bluetooth
• Walkie-Talkies
• Other radios
9. Military Use
• Spread-spectrum signals are highly resistant to deliberate
jamming, unless the adversary has knowledge of the
spreading characteristics.
• Military radios use cryptographic techniques to generate
the channel sequence under the control of a secret
Transmission Security Key (TRANSEC) that the sender and
receiver share in advance.
• By itself, frequency hopping provides only limited
protection against eavesdropping and jamming.
10. • Most modern military
frequency hopping
radios also employ
separate encryption
devices such as the KY-
100.
12. Bluetooth
• Adaptive Frequency-
hopping spread spectrum
(AFH) (as used in Bluetooth)
improves resistance to radio
frequency interference by
avoiding crowded
frequencies in the hopping
sequence. This sort of
adaptive transmission is
easier to implement with
FHSS.
13. Walkie-Talkies
• Some walkie-talkies that
employ frequency-hopping
spread spectrum technology
have been developed for
unlicensed use on the 900
MHz band. Several such
radios are marketed under
the name eXtreme Radio
Service (eXRS).
• Motorola has deployed a
business-banded, license-
free digital radio that uses
FHSS technology: the DTR
series, models 410, 550 and
650.