This document discusses earthquakes and fault types. It begins with a word scramble activity related to plate tectonics concepts. It then defines key earthquake terms like epicenter and hypocenter. The document outlines the three main types of faults: normal, reverse/thrust, and strike slip. Normal faults occur at divergent boundaries, reverse/thrust at convergent boundaries, and strike slip at transform boundaries. Examples of each are given. The final sections discuss the causes of faults and provide an activity to demonstrate how earthquakes start at the focus below the epicenter along a fault plane.

2. WORD
SCRAMBLE

3. TARHE
_ _ _ _ _
EARTH

4. SHPEREMOTA
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
ATMOSPHERE

5. LKEINC
_ _ _ _ _ _
NICKEL

7. PETAL TCEONTICS
P_ _ _ _ T _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
PLATE TECTONICS

8. CVONCEITON
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
CONVECTION

9. RECO
_ _ _ _
CORE

12. TRUSC
_ _ _ _ _
CRUST

13. PETAL MMEVOTENT
P_ _ _ _ M_ _ _ _ _ _ _
PLATE MOVEMENT

14. TYPES OF
FAULTS

15. Fault
terminology:-
There are disposition of different
type of faults

16. Causes of faults
• Faults are essentially the shear or sliding failures, resulting
from tensional, compressional, rotational stress acting the
crustal rock masses.
• They may be due to the shrinking Earth; or due to the
convection currents produced in the Earth.
• The faults occur in volcanic areas and mountain zones, they
are found in plains and plateaus.

17.  Epicenter
Point directly above the focus
 Hypocenter Focus
The source from which the energy is released radiating from all
directions.
 Earthquake
It is a shaking of the surface of the earth resulting from a
sudde release of energy in the lithosphere.

18. 3 TYPES OF FAULTS

19. NORMAL FAULT
It is a type of fault that occur in divergent plate
boundaries.
Example: Basin Range

20. REVERSETHRUST FAULT
It is a type of fault that occur
convergent plate
boundaries.
Example: The Himalayas

21. STRIKE SLIP FAULT
It is a type of fault that occur
in transform plate
boundaries.
Example: San Andreas fault
in California

23. ACTIVITY:
 Activity No. 2
 WHERE DOES AN EARTHQUAKE START?
 After performing this activity, you should be able to:
 Differentiate focus and epicenter; and
 Demonstrate how movement along faults affect the surroundings.
 Materials Needed:
 fault model scissors paste
 Procedure:
1. Photocopy the Fault Model (Figure 12; you can also trace it on paper). Then cut along the outlines of the two
drawings.
2. Fold along the lines and paste where indicated. In the end, you should have a model consisting of two parts
that fit together (Figure 1).
3. The upper surface of the model represents the surface of the Earth. The trace of the fault on the surface of
the Earth is called the fault line. Be ready to point out the fault line when your teacher calls on you.
4. Pull the two pieces apart (Figure 14). The flat surface between the two pieces is called the fault plane. This is
where fault slip or fault movement happens. Point out the fault plane when your teacher asks you.
5. The place where the fault begins to slip is called the focus. It is where the first movement occurs. Thus, the focus is
the origin of the earthquake. Be ready to explain it to your teacher.