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ENERGY USES, RISKS, PRECAUTIONS.ppt. ...

This document discusses electrical safety and provides tips to prevent electrical accidents. It defines direct and alternating current, and explains their different uses. Safety precautions are outlined such as using electrical equipment safely, keeping it and wiring in good condition, keeping flammables away, educating children, and following workplace safety protocols. Common electrical hazards like shocks, fires, and explosions are identified along with their effects. The importance of safety when using electricity is emphasized.

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YOUR KNOWLEDGE:
DEFINE ELECTRICITY AND DIFFERENTIATE DIRECT CURRENT AND ALTERNATING CURRENT UNDERSTAND AND EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENT USES OF ELECTRICITY PROVIDE INSIGHTS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENT USE OF ELECTRICITY EXPLAIN THE CONCEPTS OF ELECTRIC POWER AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Electricity is the flow of electrons through a conductor. TWO TYPES DIRECT CURRENT ALTERNATING CURRENT There are two types of electricity: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) DC flows in one direction only and is typically used in batteries and electronic devices. AC alternates between positive and negative cycles and is typically used for powering homes and businesses.
Electrical power is the rate at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit. It is measured in watts (W).
Appliance Electric Watts Incandescent light bulb (60W) 60 LED light bulb (9W) 9 Compact fluorescent bulb (15W) 15 Ceiling fan 10-60 Desktop computer 150-300 Laptop computer 20-60 Television (32-inch) 30-120 Refrigerator (10 cubic feet) 70-90 Microwave oven 700-1200 Electric oven 2000-5000 Electric water heater 3000-5000 Air conditioner (10,000 BTU) 900-1400
Energy consumption is the amount of electrical energy consumed by an appliance over a given period of time. It is measured in kilowatt- hours (kWh).
Appliance Power Consumption (kWh) per hour Incandescent light bulb (60W) 0.06 LED light bulb (9W) 0.009 Compact fluorescent bulb (15W) 0.015 Ceiling fan 0.05-0.12 Desktop computer 0.06-0.25 Laptop computer 0.015-0.045 Television (32-inch) 0.03-0.12 Refrigerator (10 cubic feet) 0.4-0.6 Microwave oven 0.8-1.5 Electric oven 2-5 Electric water heater 3-5 Air conditioner (10,000 BTU) 0.9-1.4
Household appliances and electronics that require electricity include refrigerators, washing machines, televisions, computers, and smartphones. Lighting is one of the primary uses of electricity in homes. Commercial uses of electricity also include powering equipment and appliances like copiers, printers, cash registers, and commercial kitchen appliances. Commercial uses of electricity include lighting, heating and cooling systems, and powering equipment and appliances in businesses and public buildings. Residential uses of electricity include lighting, heating and cooling systems, and powering household appliances and electronics.
Some examples of machinery and equipment that require high levels of electrical power include pumps, motors, conveyors, and compressors. In addition to powering machinery and equipment, electricity is also used for control and automation systems, such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and variable frequency drives (VFDs). Industrial uses of electricity include powering machinery and equipment, lighting, and heating and cooling systems in factories, manufacturing plants, and other industrial facilities.
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HAZARDS AND RISKS IN ELECTRICITY USAGE
Correctly speaking, electricity is a hazard, as it has the potential to cause harm, but if properly managed, the likelihood of harm being caused is minimal. Although, the severity of electrical hazards (sometimes referred to as consequence) when things go wrong will potentially be fatality or life changing.
The most common cause of fire in the Philippines is unattended electrical connections caused by octopus wiring and overloading. Majority of fire incidents occur due to faulty or defective electrical wiring. Among these are excessive use of extension cords, torn wires, and substandard electrical wires. Some people tend to set up electrical connections by themselves to save money from hiring a professional technician. Electrical Connections and Electrical Faults have been the top cause of fires in Metro Manila with an average of 53.85% of the total number of fires yearly.
01 MAJOR HAZARDS
Electrical hazards may cause death or personal injury from: • electric shock • electric burn • electrical explosion or arcing, • fire or explosion initiated by electrical energy (where any such death or injury is associated with the generation, provision, transmission, transformation, rectification, conversion, conduction, distribution, control, storage, measurement or use of electrical energy’).
Electric shock
Electrical burn
Electrical explosion or Arcing
FIRE
02 MAJOR RISKS IN ELECTRICITY USAGE
• Electric shock and burns from live wire contact • Fires from faulty wiring • Overloading circuits • Leaving electrical parts exposed • Electrocution or burns from lack of PPE • Explosions and fires from explosive and flammable substances. • Contact with overhead power lines • Electrical exposure to water
EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS ON THE BODY
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN USING ELECTRICITY
Promoting safety: To emphasize the importance of safety when using electricity and to provide practical tips for reducing the risk of electrical hazards. Preventing accidents: To help people understand how to prevent electrical accidents, such as electrical shock, burns, and fires. Encouraging responsibility: To encourage individuals to take responsibility for their own safety and to create a culture of safety in homes and workplaces.
COMMON ELECTRICAL HAZARDS
COMMON ELECTRICAL HAZARDS: • Electrical Shock • Electrical Fires • Burns • Electrical Explosions
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TO REDUCE THE RISKS OF THESE SAFETY HAZARDS
USE ELECTRICAL OUTLETS AND EQUIPMENT SAFELY • Do not overload electrical outlets • Do not plug too many appliances into one outlet or extension cord • Use only extension cords that are designed for indoor use • Do not run extension cords under carpets or furniture • Unplug appliances when not in use • Do not touch electrical equipment or outlets with wet hands
KEEP ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND WIRING IN GOOD CONDITION • Have a licensed electrician inspect your electrical system at least once every ten years • Replace damaged or worn-out electrical cords or equipment • Do not use frayed or cracked electrical cords • Use extension cords only temporarily and replace them with permanent wiring as soon as possible
KEEP FLAMMABLE MATERIALS AWAY FROM ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT • Keep flammable materials, such as paper or cloth, away from electrical equipment • Do not store flammable materials near electrical equipment or wiring
KEEP ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AWAY FROM CHILDREN AND PETS • Keep electrical equipment away from children and pets: • Keep electrical cords and equipment out of reach of children and pets • Do not allow pets to chew on electrical cords
EDUCATE YOUR CHILDREN • Teach children about the dangers of electricity and how to use electrical equipment safely • Keep electrical outlets covered with safety plugs to prevent children from inserting objects into them • Do not let children play with electrical equipment or cords
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN HANDLING ELECTRICITY IN THE WORKPLACE
USE PROPER PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE): • Wear appropriate PPE when working with electrical equipment or wiring, such as insulated gloves, safety glasses, and non-conductive footwear
TRAIN EMPLOYEES ON ELECTRICAL SAFETY: • Provide training to employees on electrical safety and the hazards associated with electricity • Train employees on proper procedures for working with electrical equipment and wiring • Ensure that employees understand and follow safety guidelines
COMMON SAFETY PROTOCOLS TO FOLLOW WHEN ELECTRICAL HAZARDS OCCUR
PROTOCOLS • Notify others • Evacuate the area • Isolate the area • Assess the situation • Investigate the cause
WHAT HAVE YOU LEARNED?
What have you learned? Electrical safety is an essential aspect of everyday life, both in the home and workplace. Electrical hazards can be deadly and cause significant damage to property and equipment.
HOW WOULD YOU REACT TO THESE SITUATIONS?
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THANK YOU FOR PARTICIPATING!