1. An eye examination assesses vision and eye health using tests like visual acuity, eye movement, pupil response, and ophthalmoscopy. 2. Examiners take a patient's ocular history and examine the eyes externally for issues like eyelid positioning and extraocular muscle function. 3. Diagnostic tests evaluate intraocular pressure, depth perception, color vision, and scan the retina, optic nerve and choroid using techniques like tonometry, Amsler grid, fundus photography, and angiography to detect disorders.