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Extrapyramidal symptoms
This document discusses extrapyramidal symptoms, which are movement disorders that result from disruption of the basal ganglia network in the brain. It provides an overview of the anatomy of the basal ganglia and their role in motor control. It then presents a case scenario of a 16-year-old boy who developed acute dystonia after taking an unspecified nausea medication, likely causing the extrapyramidal symptom. The document outlines different extrapyramidal symptoms like parkinsonism, acute dystonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia. It provides recommendations for treating each condition, such as using procyclidine or benztropine for acute dystonia.
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Extrapyramidal symptoms
- 1. Extrapyramidal Symptoms Dr. AzizMohammad FCPS (Psychiatry) Asstt; Professor of Psychiatry KMC/KTH
- 2. Learning Objectives KnowAbout: the Pyramidal and Extrapyramidal Systems of Brain Anatomy of the Basal Ganglia A case scenario of Extrapyramidal Side Effect of an apparently safe medication. Different Extrapyramidal Symptoms and their Treatments.
- 5. Credit: Extrapyramidal andPyramidal Tracts - Descending Tracts of the Spinal Cord | (Includes Lesions) Uploaded to YouTube by: Rhesus Medicine, Feb 1, 2021
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- 7. ANATOMY Caudate nucleus Putamen Globus pallidus Substantia nigra Subthalamic nucleus Thalamus
- 8. Basal Ganglia The “basalganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as Motor learning, Executive functions Behaviors, and Emotions Disruption of the basal ganglia network forms the basis for several psychiatric and movement disorders.
- 9. Case Scenario A16 years old boy is brought by his worried parents at mid night to the casualty department with twisting of his neck to one side for the past 30 minutes. His father reports intake of some syrup for nausea & vomiting advised by a general practitioner in the morning. What is this condition called and which medication is responsible for it? How will you treat this case?
- 16. Dopaminergic Pathways By User:Slashme;Patrick J. Lynch; User:Fvasconcellos - self-made; re-use File:Brain bulbar region.svg, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44402772
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- 21. Causes of AcuteDystonia
- 25. Treatment of AcuteDystonia Inj: Procyclidine 10 mg IM stat
- 26. Treatment of AcuteDystonia Inj: Benztropine mg IM stat
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- 28. Switch to AtypicalAntipsychotics
- 29. Treatment of Parkinsonism Tab: Procyclidine 5mg
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Editor's Notes
- #8 The “basal ganglia” refers to a group of subcortical nuclei within the brain responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions, emotional behaviours, and play an important role in reward and reinforcement, addictive behaviours and habit formation.
- #9 Motor Control is defined as the process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement. Executive functions are a set of cognitive processes that are necessary for the cognitive control of behavior: selecting and successfully monitoring behaviors that facilitate the attainment of chosen goals. Behaviour is the way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially towards others. Emotions: a conscious mental reaction (such as anger or fear) subjectively experienced as strong feeling usually directed toward a specific object and typically accompanied by physiological and behavioral changes in the body
- #17 Schizophrenia Parkinson's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), substance abuse disorder (addiction), and restless legs syndrome (RLS) can be attributed to dysfunction in specific dopaminergic pathways.