The document summarizes European exploration and conquest in the 1400s-1500s, including key figures like Christopher Columbus, Hernan Cortes, and Francisco Pizarro. It discusses how Spain and Portugal became rivals in exploration, the Treaty of Tordesillas dividing conquest territories, and Columbus' voyages to the Americas mistakenly thinking he reached Asia. It also summarizes Cortes' conquest of the Aztec empire and Pizarro's conquest of the Inca empire, leading to an exchange of goods between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

1. European Conquest Flipbook Notes

2. European Exploration and Conquest In the 1400s, Spain and Portugal were looking for new routes to Asia. Sailors guided their ships using only the stars, a compass, and an astrolabe. Spain and Portugal soon became fierce rivals.

4. Christopher Columbus Born in Genoa, Italy (we think) Sailed for Spain’s King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella Made for four voyages to the New World, the first in 1492 Originally, he thought he had landed in the East Indies in Asia, so he called the people he saw Indians.

8. Treaty of Tordesillas Divided the New World between the Spanish and the Portuguese. Decided upon by Pope Signed in 1494 Set an imaginary line running from the North Pole to the South Pole at about 50 degree longitude. This line is called the Line of Demarcation.

10. Hernan Cort é s Arrived in Mexico in 1519 Most important native ally was Malinche Was looking for treasure Moctezuma II believed he was the god Quetzalcoatl returned to rule the Aztecs and turned Tenochtitl á n over to Cort é s. The peace did not last long and the Spanish had to excape the city. Cort é s, with the help of Aztec enemies, attacked and destroyed Tenochtitl á n. In 1521, the Aztecs surrendered.

13. Francisco Pizarro He heard rumors of the rich Incan empire and planned to attack the Pacific coast of South America. In 1531, he sailed with 180 Spanish soldiers. He captured and killed the Incan emperor Atahualpa. By 1535, he had captured all the Incan empire. He established the city of Lima in Peru.

19. Columbian Exchange Goods, as well as people, crossed the Atlantic Ocean in the years following the Spanish and Portuguese conquests. Goods from the New World (Western Hemisphere) traveled to the Old World (Eastern Hemisphere) with returning explorers. Goods from the Old World traveled to the new World with the conquerors.