World History Unit7 Exploration And Discovery
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The document summarizes European exploration and colonization in the 15th-17th centuries. It discusses Prince Henry the Navigator's sponsorship of Portuguese exploration down the coast of Africa leading to the discovery of a route to India and the Spice Islands. It also covers Christopher Columbus' voyages to the Americas in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, resulting in contact between the Old World and New World. The establishment of colonies by European powers like Spain, Portugal, France, and England in the Americas is briefly outlined.
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Wh Explorers
The document provides an overview of European exploration and colonization following the Reconquista in Spain and Portugal. It discusses how the desire for spices, gold, and resources led the Portuguese under Prince Henry the Navigator to explore down the coast of Africa. They established the slave trade and eventually reached India, gaining control of the spice trade. This rivalry with Portugal drove Spain to also send explorers like Columbus, who reached the Americas in 1492 while searching for an alternative route to Asia. Both nations established colonies in the new lands and forcibly converted indigenous populations to Christianity. Huge amounts of gold and silver from Central and South America funded further exploration and colonization by European powers over subsequent centuries.
20.1 spain builds an american empire
The document summarizes key events in the exploration and colonization of the Americas by Europeans beginning in the late 15th century. It notes that Christopher Columbus arrived in the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a route to Asia, claimed the lands for Spain, and made three voyages to establish colonies. It then discusses other explorers like Vespucci, Cabral, Magellan, Cortes, Pizarro who expanded European presence and claims in the Americas, often through the conquest and exploitation of indigenous peoples and empires like the Aztecs and Incas. The document also outlines the establishment of Spanish systems of control and extraction of wealth from the colonies through the encomienda system and growth of crops like sugar.
20.1 spanish conquest in the americas (1st period)
The Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer vast empires in the Americas through military tactics and exploiting divisions between native groups. Hernan Cortes defeated the powerful Aztec Empire with superior weapons, horses, and smallpox, and by allying with other native peoples against the Aztecs. Similarly, Francisco Pizarro captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa and without his leadership, easily took control of the Inca Empire. The Spanish established a pattern of conquest throughout the Americas, imposing their culture and religion while exploiting native peoples through the encomienda system of forced labor. They established vast colonies, though faced resistance from natives and opposition from Spanish priests concerned for native welfare.
01 discovery and_settlement_of_a_new_world
1. The first Americans migrated to North America from Asia across the Bering Strait during the last Ice Age, gradually migrating south following food sources.
2. Europeans began exploring in the 15th century for economic, religious, and political reasons, seeking new trade routes, wealth, and converts to Christianity. This led to contact with indigenous peoples in the Americas.
3. The major European powers that engaged in colonization of North America were Spain, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands in the 16th-18th centuries, with Spain establishing the first permanent colonies through conquests of the Aztecs and Incas for gold and territory.
Spanish Conquest in America and Competing in North America
Spain and Portugal were the first European nations to colonize the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries. Christopher Columbus' voyages for Spain in 1492 led to Spanish conquest and colonization of the Caribbean islands. Explorers like Hernan Cortes then conquered powerful civilizations like the Aztecs and Incas for Spain, establishing the first Spanish colonies in Mexico and South America. Other European powers like England, France, and the Netherlands soon established their own colonies in North America through the 17th century, competing for territory and resources. This led to conflicts between the colonial powers and also disrupted indigenous populations through warfare and disease.
Ss6h1a aztec inca
The encounter between Europeans and the Aztec and Inca civilizations led to conflict and consequences. Hernan Cortes conquered the powerful Aztec Empire led by Montezuma in Mexico between 1519-1521 by allying with local groups, taking Montezuma hostage, and destroying the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan. Francisco Pizarro similarly conquered the Inca Empire in Peru between 1531-1533 by capturing its ruler Atahualpa through deception and using superior weapons, despite a ransom of gold and silver being paid. Both civilizations were subsequently dominated by Spanish rule over the following centuries.
19.1 europeans explore the east
European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and England explored trade routes to Asia in the 1400s and 1500s motivated by desires for wealth, resources, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led the way by establishing trading posts along the west African coast and sending explorers like Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, who found routes around Africa and to India. Spain also sought routes to Asia but Columbus landed in the Americas instead, opening that region to colonization. Conflicts between Portugal and Spain over claims in newly discovered lands led the Pope to establish boundaries with the Treaty of Tordesillas. Over time, the Portuguese trading empire gave way to competition from other European powers
Ch 1 Contact Of Civilizations
The Spanish used a three pronged approach to colonize Texas - establishing presidios for military protection, missions to convert Native Americans to Catholicism, and civilian settlements to populate the frontier. This system was implemented at locations like San Antonio de Bexar and Presidio La Bahia to establish a buffer against French encroachment. However, some efforts like the settlements at San Gabriel River and San Saba River failed due to lack of support and attacks from hostile Native American tribes who resisted religious conversion and loss of traditional lands. Overall the Spanish colonization system aimed to incorporate indigenous populations into Spanish Texas but struggled to maintain control of the vast frontier territory.
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Wh Explorers
The document provides an overview of European exploration and colonization following the Reconquista in Spain and Portugal. It discusses how the desire for spices, gold, and resources led the Portuguese under Prince Henry the Navigator to explore down the coast of Africa. They established the slave trade and eventually reached India, gaining control of the spice trade. This rivalry with Portugal drove Spain to also send explorers like Columbus, who reached the Americas in 1492 while searching for an alternative route to Asia. Both nations established colonies in the new lands and forcibly converted indigenous populations to Christianity. Huge amounts of gold and silver from Central and South America funded further exploration and colonization by European powers over subsequent centuries.
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The document summarizes key events in the exploration and colonization of the Americas by Europeans beginning in the late 15th century. It notes that Christopher Columbus arrived in the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a route to Asia, claimed the lands for Spain, and made three voyages to establish colonies. It then discusses other explorers like Vespucci, Cabral, Magellan, Cortes, Pizarro who expanded European presence and claims in the Americas, often through the conquest and exploitation of indigenous peoples and empires like the Aztecs and Incas. The document also outlines the establishment of Spanish systems of control and extraction of wealth from the colonies through the encomienda system and growth of crops like sugar.
20.1 spanish conquest in the americas (1st period)
The Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer vast empires in the Americas through military tactics and exploiting divisions between native groups. Hernan Cortes defeated the powerful Aztec Empire with superior weapons, horses, and smallpox, and by allying with other native peoples against the Aztecs. Similarly, Francisco Pizarro captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa and without his leadership, easily took control of the Inca Empire. The Spanish established a pattern of conquest throughout the Americas, imposing their culture and religion while exploiting native peoples through the encomienda system of forced labor. They established vast colonies, though faced resistance from natives and opposition from Spanish priests concerned for native welfare.
01 discovery and_settlement_of_a_new_world
1. The first Americans migrated to North America from Asia across the Bering Strait during the last Ice Age, gradually migrating south following food sources.
2. Europeans began exploring in the 15th century for economic, religious, and political reasons, seeking new trade routes, wealth, and converts to Christianity. This led to contact with indigenous peoples in the Americas.
3. The major European powers that engaged in colonization of North America were Spain, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands in the 16th-18th centuries, with Spain establishing the first permanent colonies through conquests of the Aztecs and Incas for gold and territory.
Spanish Conquest in America and Competing in North America
Spain and Portugal were the first European nations to colonize the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries. Christopher Columbus' voyages for Spain in 1492 led to Spanish conquest and colonization of the Caribbean islands. Explorers like Hernan Cortes then conquered powerful civilizations like the Aztecs and Incas for Spain, establishing the first Spanish colonies in Mexico and South America. Other European powers like England, France, and the Netherlands soon established their own colonies in North America through the 17th century, competing for territory and resources. This led to conflicts between the colonial powers and also disrupted indigenous populations through warfare and disease.
Ss6h1a aztec inca
The encounter between Europeans and the Aztec and Inca civilizations led to conflict and consequences. Hernan Cortes conquered the powerful Aztec Empire led by Montezuma in Mexico between 1519-1521 by allying with local groups, taking Montezuma hostage, and destroying the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan. Francisco Pizarro similarly conquered the Inca Empire in Peru between 1531-1533 by capturing its ruler Atahualpa through deception and using superior weapons, despite a ransom of gold and silver being paid. Both civilizations were subsequently dominated by Spanish rule over the following centuries.
19.1 europeans explore the east
European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and England explored trade routes to Asia in the 1400s and 1500s motivated by desires for wealth, resources, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led the way by establishing trading posts along the west African coast and sending explorers like Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama, who found routes around Africa and to India. Spain also sought routes to Asia but Columbus landed in the Americas instead, opening that region to colonization. Conflicts between Portugal and Spain over claims in newly discovered lands led the Pope to establish boundaries with the Treaty of Tordesillas. Over time, the Portuguese trading empire gave way to competition from other European powers
Ch 1 Contact Of Civilizations
The Spanish used a three pronged approach to colonize Texas - establishing presidios for military protection, missions to convert Native Americans to Catholicism, and civilian settlements to populate the frontier. This system was implemented at locations like San Antonio de Bexar and Presidio La Bahia to establish a buffer against French encroachment. However, some efforts like the settlements at San Gabriel River and San Saba River failed due to lack of support and attacks from hostile Native American tribes who resisted religious conversion and loss of traditional lands. Overall the Spanish colonization system aimed to incorporate indigenous populations into Spanish Texas but struggled to maintain control of the vast frontier territory.
Latin America - European conquest - 2012
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Spanish & north american colonies
Spanish exploration of the Americas began with Columbus' voyages in 1492, which led to the conquest of vast empires like the Aztecs and Incas. The Spanish established colonies and imposed systems like the encomienda to exploit native labor. Other European powers like Portugal, France, the Netherlands, and England soon followed, claiming territories in North and South America as well as the Caribbean. This led to centuries of conflict as the powers vied for control and resources. Native populations were devastated by European diseases, and faced declining populations, loss of lands, and conflicts with the colonizers.
the geographical discoveries
In the 15th century, Spain and Portugal divided territories they had rediscovered in the Americas between them. Christopher Columbus sailed from Spain in 1492 and arrived in the Americas, encountering three major indigenous tribes: the Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas. The Spanish later fought wars against these tribes to gain control over their lands and establish colonies. Major cities of these civilizations included Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City) of the Aztecs, sites of the advanced Mayan writing system, and Machu Picchu of the largest Inca Empire. Spain went on to form institutions to control its new American colonies from Sevilla and defend its territories against other European powers.
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The document provides an overview of early Philippine society from 250,000 BCE to 1565 CE. It discusses the various theories about the origins of the Philippines and Filipinos, including the Tabon Man discovery. It also describes aspects of pre-colonial Philippine life like social structure, religion, and cultural exchanges with neighbors. Finally, it summarizes Ferdinand Magellan's expedition, the first arrival of Europeans in the Philippines in 1521, and the significance of establishing the global route.
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2. Cortes, with only 550 men, was able to defeat the powerful Aztec empire through alliances with neighboring tribes, the use of horses and guns, and smallpox epidemics that weakened the Aztecs.
3. Similarly, Pizarro defeated the large Inca empire in 1533 by ambushing the emperor Atahualpa and exploiting divisions within the empire.
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The document provides biographies of several early explorers:
- John Cabot discovered areas of North America in 1497 while sailing for England and looking for routes to Asia. Other explorers mentioned include Sebastian Cabot, Christopher Columbus, Erik the Red, and Leif Ericson.
- Later explorers who mapped coastal areas and explored inland regions included Vasco da Gama, Amerigo Vespucci, Ferdinand Magellan, and Jacques Cartier. Many were sponsored by European powers looking to expand trade routes and territories.
- Explorers in North America included figures like Henry Hudson, Louis Joliet, Father Marquette, Robert de La Salle, and Daniel Boone, who opened areas of the
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The document summarizes the motives and means of European exploration and expansion in the 15th and 16th centuries. The three main motives were religion ("God"), profit ("Gold"), and increasing power and national pride ("Glory"). Key means included new technologies, powerful monarchs, and early leaders like Prince Henry and explorers like da Gama, Columbus, and Magellan. Their voyages established European control over trade with Asia and led to conquests in the Americas and the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas, transforming global societies and economies.
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The document outlines the major periods of prehistory and ancient history in the Iberian Peninsula. It discusses the Paleolithic period where humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers, the Neolithic period where agriculture and permanent settlements emerged, and the Metal Ages where tools and weapons transitioned to metals. It then covers the ancient civilizations that inhabited the region like the Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans. The document concludes with an overview of the Middle Ages, outlining the Carolingian, Byzantine, and Islamic empires that dominated the peninsula during this time period.
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Conquistadors from Spain explored and conquered areas in America in the 16th century, motivated by goals of spreading Christianity (God), finding gold, and achieving glory. While initially more focused on Mexico, the Spanish became concerned about French colonization efforts in Texas in the 18th century, renewing their own colonization attempts to maintain control over the territory.
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The document summarizes the key motivations and events that led to the Age of Exploration. It discusses how the search for spices drove Portuguese exploration down the coast of Africa. It then outlines some of the major voyages including Diaz rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, Vasco da Gama reaching India, and Columbus sailing west hoping to find a route to Asia but landing in the Caribbean instead. Finally, it briefly discusses the rise of the slave trade and growing European colonial presence in Africa.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal played a key role in sponsoring Portuguese exploration down the west coast of Africa. Portuguese sailors like da Gama and Cabral reached India and Brazil.
3) Spain joined the exploration, with Columbus reaching the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, opening the way for European colonization of the Americas.
4) Portugal and Spain divided newly explored territories through the Treaty of Tordesillas, with Portugal building a trading empire in Asia and the East Indies during
The Search For Spices
Europeans sought to gain direct access to Asian goods by exploring new trade routes, bypassing Middle Eastern merchants. Portugal led the way in the 1400s by exploring along the western coast of Africa under Prince Henry. In 1497, Vasco da Gama reached India, acquiring spices at huge profits. This opened the sea route to Asia and led Portugal to seize key ports in the Indian Ocean. Christopher Columbus mistakenly reached the Americas in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, leading to European discovery of the new continents.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Portugal took the lead in overseas exploration under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing trading posts along the coast of Africa.
3) By the late 1400s, other European powers like Spain grew envious of Portugal's success and sought their own routes to Asia, leading to Spanish financing of Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 that opened the way for European colonization of the Americas.
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The document summarizes European expansion into the Americas beginning in the 15th century. It first discusses early Viking exploration led by Leif Erikson who established a short-lived settlement in Vinland (North America) around 1000 AD. Next it explains how technological and navigational advances in 15th century Portugal enabled more successful Atlantic exploration and led to Spain funding Christopher Columbus' 1492 voyage. Columbus' landing in the Bahamas began the massive Columbian Exchange between the Old and New Worlds and devastated indigenous populations through disease and war. Finally, it outlines the later Spanish and French colonial empires that sought wealth and conversion through differing approaches in the Americas.
Ap age of exploration powerpoint
The document discusses the Age of Exploration beginning in the 1400s in Europe. Demand for goods from Asia was high, driving European powers like Portugal and Spain to seek new trade routes and lands. Technological advances in navigation helped explorers like da Gama and Columbus reach Asia and the Americas. Their voyages led to colonization of the Americas and establishment of European empires, bringing profound changes through encounters with native peoples and the slave trade.
4.2.exploration causation and events a3
The Spanish founded colonies across the Caribbean and in Mexico and South America in the 1500s. They established St. Augustine, Florida in 1565, the oldest permanent European settlement in the continental United States. Meanwhile, the crew of Ferdinand Magellan completed the first circumnavigation of the globe, opening the Pacific Ocean to European trade and exploration. By 1600, Spain had established a vast colonial empire in the Americas and Asia, acquiring great wealth in silver and other exports. Other European powers like the Dutch, French, and English then started exploring and colonizing parts of North and South America in search of trade routes, natural resources, and territory.
Age of exploration
Between 1500-1800:
- European powers expanded globally through exploration and colonization motivated by trade, wealth, and religion. Portugal led expansion in Africa and Asia while Spain dominated in the Americas.
- The slave trade dramatically increased to supply labor for American plantations, devastating parts of Africa and changing its political/social structures.
- Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Asia, Africa and the Americas, transforming global economics and introducing mercantilism. Their presence impacted politics, culture and religion in conquered regions.
2.1_Columbus_and_Exploration
Christopher Columbus sailed west from Spain in 1492 hoping to find a trade route to Asia but instead landed in the Caribbean islands, claiming the region for Spain and beginning European exploration and colonization of the Americas. Subsequent explorers like Vasco da Gama and Amerigo Vespucci further mapped the globe while conquistadors like Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro conquered powerful civilizations in Mexico and Peru, extracting gold and silver that enriched Spain. European diseases also devastated the indigenous populations who had no immunity, making conquest easier.
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The document summarizes the impacts of European exploration and colonization beginning in the 1400s. It discusses the key motivations for exploration including spreading Christianity, finding trade routes to Asia, and acquiring wealth through trade of goods like gold and spices. The major European powers that led exploration are highlighted, including Portugal which pioneered routes around Africa and South America, Spain which sought empire and riches in the Americas under Columbus, England which established colonies in North America and elsewhere, and France which also built colonial empires. Overall, the exploration era expanded European political and economic power globally.
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Spanish exploration of the Americas began with Columbus' voyages in 1492, which led to the conquest of vast empires like the Aztecs and Incas. The Spanish established colonies and imposed systems like the encomienda to exploit native labor. Other European powers like Portugal, France, the Netherlands, and England soon followed, claiming territories in North and South America as well as the Caribbean. This led to centuries of conflict as the powers vied for control and resources. Native populations were devastated by European diseases, and faced declining populations, loss of lands, and conflicts with the colonizers.
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In the 15th century, Spain and Portugal divided territories they had rediscovered in the Americas between them. Christopher Columbus sailed from Spain in 1492 and arrived in the Americas, encountering three major indigenous tribes: the Aztecs, Mayans, and Incas. The Spanish later fought wars against these tribes to gain control over their lands and establish colonies. Major cities of these civilizations included Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City) of the Aztecs, sites of the advanced Mayan writing system, and Machu Picchu of the largest Inca Empire. Spain went on to form institutions to control its new American colonies from Sevilla and defend its territories against other European powers.
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The document summarizes key figures and events of the Spanish conquest of the Americas between the 15th and 19th centuries. It describes Christopher Columbus's four voyages to the Americas in search of gold and territory for Spain. It also discusses Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, who led the first circumnavigation of the Earth, and Spanish conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who defeated the Aztec and Inca empires, respectively. The document concludes with brief overviews of the Aztec, Inca, and Maya civilizations.
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The document provides biographies of several early explorers:
- John Cabot discovered areas of North America in 1497 while sailing for England and looking for routes to Asia. Other explorers mentioned include Sebastian Cabot, Christopher Columbus, Erik the Red, and Leif Ericson.
- Later explorers who mapped coastal areas and explored inland regions included Vasco da Gama, Amerigo Vespucci, Ferdinand Magellan, and Jacques Cartier. Many were sponsored by European powers looking to expand trade routes and territories.
- Explorers in North America included figures like Henry Hudson, Louis Joliet, Father Marquette, Robert de La Salle, and Daniel Boone, who opened areas of the
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The document summarizes the motives and means of European exploration and expansion in the 15th and 16th centuries. The three main motives were religion ("God"), profit ("Gold"), and increasing power and national pride ("Glory"). Key means included new technologies, powerful monarchs, and early leaders like Prince Henry and explorers like da Gama, Columbus, and Magellan. Their voyages established European control over trade with Asia and led to conquests in the Americas and the Columbian Exchange of plants, animals, and diseases between Europe and the Americas, transforming global societies and economies.
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The document summarizes stories from several indigenous people during the colonial period in Latin America and North America. It describes Ocelotl, an Aztec priest who predicted the arrival of the Spanish and survived smallpox. It also mentions Isabel, an Aztec princess granted land by Cortes, and the Spanish attempts to convert natives in Peru that disrupted their society. It provides brief biographies of Juan de Morga and Gertrudis de Escobar, indigenous slaves in Mexico, and Opechancanough, a Powhatan leader who organized uprisings against English settlers. Finally, it discusses Red Shoes, a Choctaw man who sought to learn from Europeans as disease devastated his
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The document outlines the major periods of prehistory and ancient history in the Iberian Peninsula. It discusses the Paleolithic period where humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers, the Neolithic period where agriculture and permanent settlements emerged, and the Metal Ages where tools and weapons transitioned to metals. It then covers the ancient civilizations that inhabited the region like the Iberians, Celts, Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans. The document concludes with an overview of the Middle Ages, outlining the Carolingian, Byzantine, and Islamic empires that dominated the peninsula during this time period.
Age of contact- Early Exploration in Texas
Conquistadors from Spain explored and conquered areas in America in the 16th century, motivated by goals of spreading Christianity (God), finding gold, and achieving glory. While initially more focused on Mexico, the Spanish became concerned about French colonization efforts in Texas in the 18th century, renewing their own colonization attempts to maintain control over the territory.
The search for spices
The document summarizes the key motivations and events that led to the Age of Exploration. It discusses how the search for spices drove Portuguese exploration down the coast of Africa. It then outlines some of the major voyages including Diaz rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1488, Vasco da Gama reaching India, and Columbus sailing west hoping to find a route to Asia but landing in the Caribbean instead. Finally, it briefly discusses the rise of the slave trade and growing European colonial presence in Africa.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal played a key role in sponsoring Portuguese exploration down the west coast of Africa. Portuguese sailors like da Gama and Cabral reached India and Brazil.
3) Spain joined the exploration, with Columbus reaching the Caribbean in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, opening the way for European colonization of the Americas.
4) Portugal and Spain divided newly explored territories through the Treaty of Tordesillas, with Portugal building a trading empire in Asia and the East Indies during
The Search For Spices
Europeans sought to gain direct access to Asian goods by exploring new trade routes, bypassing Middle Eastern merchants. Portugal led the way in the 1400s by exploring along the western coast of Africa under Prince Henry. In 1497, Vasco da Gama reached India, acquiring spices at huge profits. This opened the sea route to Asia and led Portugal to seize key ports in the Indian Ocean. Christopher Columbus mistakenly reached the Americas in 1492 while seeking a western route to Asia, leading to European discovery of the new continents.
Exploration
1) Beginning in the early 1400s, European powers like Portugal began exploring beyond their borders, driven by desires for wealth, spreading Christianity, and new technologies like the caravel ship.
2) Portugal took the lead in overseas exploration under the support of Prince Henry the Navigator, establishing trading posts along the coast of Africa.
3) By the late 1400s, other European powers like Spain grew envious of Portugal's success and sought their own routes to Asia, leading to Spanish financing of Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 that opened the way for European colonization of the Americas.
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The document summarizes European expansion into the Americas beginning in the 15th century. It first discusses early Viking exploration led by Leif Erikson who established a short-lived settlement in Vinland (North America) around 1000 AD. Next it explains how technological and navigational advances in 15th century Portugal enabled more successful Atlantic exploration and led to Spain funding Christopher Columbus' 1492 voyage. Columbus' landing in the Bahamas began the massive Columbian Exchange between the Old and New Worlds and devastated indigenous populations through disease and war. Finally, it outlines the later Spanish and French colonial empires that sought wealth and conversion through differing approaches in the Americas.
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The Spanish founded colonies across the Caribbean and in Mexico and South America in the 1500s. They established St. Augustine, Florida in 1565, the oldest permanent European settlement in the continental United States. Meanwhile, the crew of Ferdinand Magellan completed the first circumnavigation of the globe, opening the Pacific Ocean to European trade and exploration. By 1600, Spain had established a vast colonial empire in the Americas and Asia, acquiring great wealth in silver and other exports. Other European powers like the Dutch, French, and English then started exploring and colonizing parts of North and South America in search of trade routes, natural resources, and territory.
Age of exploration
Between 1500-1800:
- European powers expanded globally through exploration and colonization motivated by trade, wealth, and religion. Portugal led expansion in Africa and Asia while Spain dominated in the Americas.
- The slave trade dramatically increased to supply labor for American plantations, devastating parts of Africa and changing its political/social structures.
- Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Asia, Africa and the Americas, transforming global economics and introducing mercantilism. Their presence impacted politics, culture and religion in conquered regions.
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Christopher Columbus sailed west from Spain in 1492 hoping to find a trade route to Asia but instead landed in the Caribbean islands, claiming the region for Spain and beginning European exploration and colonization of the Americas. Subsequent explorers like Vasco da Gama and Amerigo Vespucci further mapped the globe while conquistadors like Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro conquered powerful civilizations in Mexico and Peru, extracting gold and silver that enriched Spain. European diseases also devastated the indigenous populations who had no immunity, making conquest easier.
European Exploration And Colonization 09 10
The document summarizes the impacts of European exploration and colonization beginning in the 1400s. It discusses the key motivations for exploration including spreading Christianity, finding trade routes to Asia, and acquiring wealth through trade of goods like gold and spices. The major European powers that led exploration are highlighted, including Portugal which pioneered routes around Africa and South America, Spain which sought empire and riches in the Americas under Columbus, England which established colonies in North America and elsewhere, and France which also built colonial empires. Overall, the exploration era expanded European political and economic power globally.
SSWH10.ppt
The document discusses the major factors that led to the Age of Discovery and European expansion between 1450-1700. Some key developments included advances in navigation technology from the Scientific Revolution like the caravel ship and magnetic compass that enabled long distance travel. Motivations for exploration included seeking gold, glory for their nation, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led initial exploration down the coast of Africa. Major explorers included Columbus, who sailed for Spain and reached the Americas believing he found India, and Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe. European powers established colonial empires through conquest and the slave trade had devastating impacts on African societies. The Columbian Exchange also introduced new crops, animals
An age of explorations and isolation (1400 1800) upload
1. Beginning in the 1400s, European powers like Portugal, Spain, France, and the Netherlands began exploring and colonizing other parts of the world seeking new trade routes, resources, and ways to spread Christianity.
2. Portugal led the initial wave of exploration down the west coast of Africa. Spain then conquered much of Central and South America, devastating native cultures like the Aztecs and Incas.
3. The colonization established the Atlantic slave trade, with over 10 million Africans ultimately transported to the Americas as slaves. European trading companies also established control over ports and trade in Asia.
CHAPTER 2Early Globalization The AtlanticWorld, 1492–16.docx
CHAPTER 2
Early Globalization: The Atlantic
World, 1492–1650
Figure 2.1 After Christopher Columbus “discovered” the New World, he sent letters home to Spain describing the
wonders he beheld. These letters were quickly circulated throughout Europe and translated into Italian, German, and
Latin. This woodcut is from the first Italian verse translation of the letter Columbus sent to the Spanish court after his
first voyage, Lettera delle isole novamente trovata by Giuliano Dati.
Chapter Outline
2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
2.2 Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World
2.3 Challenges to Spain’s Supremacy
2.4 New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange
Introduction
The story of the Atlantic World is the story of global migration, a migration driven in large part by the
actions and aspirations of the ruling heads of Europe. Columbus is hardly visible in this illustration of his
ships making landfall on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (Figure 2.1). Instead, Ferdinand II of Spain (in
the foreground) sits on his throne and points toward Columbus’s landing. As the ships arrive, the Arawak
people tower over the Spanish, suggesting the native population density of the islands.
This historic moment in 1492 sparked new rivalries among European powers as they scrambled to create
New World colonies, fueled by the quest for wealth and power as well as by religious passions. Almost
continuous war resulted. Spain achieved early preeminence, creating a far-flung empire and growing
rich with treasures from the Americas. Native Americans who confronted the newcomers from Europe
suffered unprecedented losses of life, however, as previously unknown diseases sliced through their
populations. They also were victims of the arrogance of the Europeans, who viewed themselves as
uncontested masters of the New World, sent by God to bring Christianity to the “Indians.” The Spanish
enslaved Native Americans, forcing them to bring whatever gold could be found to fill Spanish coffers.
Chapter 2 Early Globalization: The Atlantic World, 1492–1650 39
2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
• Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the
Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World
• Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of
Spain’s empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture
Portuguese colonization of Atlantic islands in the 1400s inaugurated an era of aggressive European
expansion across the Atlantic. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power.
This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of
globalization, in which previously isolated groups—Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans—first
came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous resu ...
Explorer Biographies
The document summarizes the voyages and motivations of several early European explorers to North and South America between the 15th and early 17th centuries. It describes Christopher Columbus' four voyages for Spain seeking a route to Asia, John Cabot's voyages for England to find new lands, and Juan Ponce de Leon's exploration of Florida while seeking the fountain of youth. It also outlines expeditions by Hernan Cortes to conquer Mexico, Jacques Cartier claiming land for France along the St. Lawrence River, and Francisco Coronado's search for the Seven Cities of Gold. Later explorers mentioned include Henry Hudson sailing for the Dutch and England, Robert de la Salle establishing French settlements, and Samuel de Champl
Chapter 17 early explorations
Europeans explored the world in the 15th-16th centuries seeking new trade routes to Asia and its riches. Portugal pioneered exploration down the coast of Africa. Under Spain, Columbus landed in the Caribbean in 1492 thinking he reached Asia. Magellan proved in 1522 that the world was round by circumnavigating it and establishing no direct western route to Asia existed. Portugal dominated trade in Africa and India, while Spain sought wealth and conversion in the Americas, conquering the Aztecs and Incas. The Atlantic slave trade developed to support colonial economies through a trade triangle of Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The Columbian Exchange resulted in new global trade and the spread of crops, diseases, and ideas worldwide
European Exploration And Colonization 09 10
The document summarizes the impacts of European exploration and colonization between the 1400s and 1700s. It discusses the main motivations for exploration which were religion, trade, and national prestige. It then outlines the key explorations and empires of Portugal, Spain, England, and France. These countries established vast overseas colonies and territories in Africa, Asia, and the Americas, spreading European culture and trade globally while also unintentionally introducing diseases that devastated indigenous populations.
Chapter 17 early explorations
The document discusses how European powers explored eastward in the Age of Exploration to find a direct sea route to Asia for trade opportunities and profits. Portugal was first to venture into the Atlantic, proving Africa could be sailed around. Spain joined Portugal's efforts under Ferdinand and Isabella, with Columbus landing in the Caribbean thinking he reached India. Magellan proved in 1522 that the world was round and larger than thought, and no feasible trade route existed west. Portugal focused on trade over colonization, dominating Africa and India. Spain sought wealth and conversion to Christianity, conquering Aztec and Inca civilizations and controlling America and West Indies by 1600. Disease and mistreatment reduced native populations, replaced by African slaves.
European expansion
European powers expanded their global influence between 1450-1750 due to a desire for trade, resources, and spreading Christianity. Portugal pioneered exploration down the coast of Africa in search of routes to Asia following Marco Polo's accounts of the East. Christopher Columbus' voyages for Spain in 1492 opened up European settlement and colonization of the Americas, though indigenous peoples had long inhabited the lands. Spain and Portugal raced to establish colonial empires in the Americas and Asia, while other powers like England, France, and the Netherlands soon followed to establish North American colonies focused on fur trading and other economic activities. By the 1600s, European colonial holdings had been established across large parts of Africa, Asia, North America, and South America
'11 ap exploration
The document discusses the Age of Exploration, including key events and motivations. It summarizes that three main countries - France, England, and Spain - sponsored early explorers. The major motivations for exploration were gold, glory, and spreading Christianity (the "three G's"). New technologies like the caravel ship, compass, and cartography enabled more advanced explorations and helped open up the Americas and trade routes to Asia.
US History: Chapter 2 Europe Looks Outward.pptx
This document provides an overview of European exploration and colonization in the Americas between the 15th and 17th centuries. It describes key early explorers like Christopher Columbus, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, and Ferdinand Magellan. It then discusses the establishment of Spanish colonies in the Americas and the spread of diseases. Finally, it outlines the later involvement of other European powers like France and the Netherlands in North America and the impacts on indigenous populations.
Exploration & Colonization Presentation
European exploration began in the 15th century as European powers sought new trade routes to Asia to access valuable spices and other goods. This document provides background on why Western European nations like Portugal, Spain, England, and France established overseas colonies starting in this era. It explores their motivations, including accessing Asian trade, spreading Christianity, finding natural resources, and gaining economic and geopolitical advantages over rivals. New technologies like the compass and caravel ships enabled explorers like da Gama, Columbus, and Magellan to discover new lands and establish European colonial empires across Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
The Atlantic World, 1492-1800
3Gs; Europeans in the Americas; The Atlantic Slave Trade; The Columbian Exchange; Capitalism; Mercantilism
European Explorations
1) The document discusses the major reasons for the Age of Exploration in Europe, including desires for spices, gold, and spreading Christianity.
2) It outlines key voyages including Bartolomeu Diaz rounding the Cape of Good Hope in 1487, Vasco da Gama reaching India in 1497, and Christopher Columbus sailing west and reaching the Caribbean in 1492.
3) Ferdinand Magellan led the first circumnavigation of the globe from 1519-1522, though he was killed in the Philippines, with only 18 crew members making it back to Spain out of the original 290.
Week 6 day 4-unit 2- guided notes-exploration maps
The three main motivations for European exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries were religion (spreading Christianity), trade (accessing goods and wealth), and glory (becoming famous explorers). While all European powers engaged in exploration to some degree, Spain and Portugal had the biggest impacts. Portugal's Prince Henry the Navigator established the first navigation school and sent expeditions down the west African coast. Spain sought gold, silver and spices in the Americas, leading to huge colonial empires for both countries across multiple continents for over 300 years. England and France also established global colonial empires driven by trade and religion.
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An age of explorations and isolation (1400 1800) upload
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CHAPTER 2Early Globalization The AtlanticWorld, 1492–16.docx
CHAPTER 2Early Globalization The AtlanticWorld, 1492–16.docx
Week 6 day 4-unit 2- guided notes-exploration maps
Week 6 day 4-unit 2- guided notes-exploration maps
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World History Unit7 Exploration And Discovery
- 1. Unit #7 Exploration and Discovery
- 5. Modern Spice Market in Turkey
- 9. Map showing Spanish and Portuguese Explorations of Africa and the New World
- 14. World map from the 1490s
- 20. Map of New Spain
- 22. European Colonization of North America
- 24. Map of New France
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