Esophagus & stomach motility

1. GIT Movements
Dr. Sara Sadiq
(MBBS, M.Phil)

4. Innervation Of GIT
1. Enteric Nervous System:
a) Myenteric Or Aurbach’s Plexus control GIT movements
b) Meissner’s Or Submucosal Plexus control GIT secretions
and blood flow

5. Innervation Of GIT
2. Autonomic Nervous System:
a) Parasympathetic NS Vagus Nerve Esophagus upto proximal
2/3rd of transverse colon
 Pelvic Nerve (S2,3,4) Distal 1/3rd of transverse
colon upto anus
i) Increase peristalsis and tone
ii) Relaxes sphincters
iii) Increase digestive secretions

6. Innervation Of GIT
2. Autonomic Nervous System:
b) Sympathetic NS Preganglionic fibers originate from T5-L2 segments of
spinal cord  Pass through sympathetic chain
Synapse with Post-ganglionic neurons in Celiac and
Mesenteric ganglion
i) Decrease peristalsis and tone
ii) Contracts sphincters
iii) Decrease digestive secretions

9. GI Motility
• 2 Types of movement in the GI tract.
1. Propulsive movement  move food forward at an appropriate rate
for digestion and absorption.
 caused by peristalsis
2. Mixing movements  caused by peristalsis and local intermittent
contractions.

10. Peristalsis
The smooth muscle of the gut is a syncytium.
Thus, stimulation at 1 point spreads to adjacent areas, creating a peristaltic
spread.
Peristalsis also occurs in the bile ducts, glandular ducts, and ureters.

11. Stimulation of Peristalsis
• Stretching of the gut wall  e.g large amount of food
• Physical or chemical irritation of the epithelial lining.
• Extrinsic nervous signals

12. Neuronal Control Of Peristalsis
• By Myenteric plexus
• Receptive Relaxation  when peristalsis appears, gut reflexes several cms
in analward direction thus food is easily propelled in analward direction,
this is called Receptive relaxation

14. Movements In Stomach
1. Propulsive movement
2. Mixing movement

17. Hunger Contraction
• Rhythemic exacerbated peristaltic contraction in empty stomach
Hunger Pangs  A sensation of pain in pit of stomach when hunger
contraction occur
• Begin 12-24 hrs after last meal
• Last for 2-3 min

18. THANKYOU