1. Gaia Hypothesis

2. Biomes

3. Planet Earth

4. Earth’s Tilt

5. Climate Zones

6. Earth’s atmosphere

7. Atmospheric Density Air density drops with altitude

8. Temperature

9. Temperature Temperature drops with altitude

10. Biomes Temperature Rainfall

11. Tundra Frozen Subsoil Few Trees Migratory birds Reindeer, moose

12. Taiga Boreal forest Coniferous Trees More Varied fauna

13. Deciduous Forest Temperate Seasonal Leaf drop Varied wildlife

14. Tropical Rainforest Daily rainfall Little temperature variation Biodiverse

15. Grasslands Seasonal temperature variation Low rainfall Herbivores

16. Desert Very arid Day/Night temperature variation Small animals reptiles

17. Chaparral Mediterranean California Seasonal rain Fire danger in off season

18. Coastal Salt Water Euphotic Zone: Most of Photosynthesis

19. Pelagic Open Ocean Phytoplankton for Photosynthesis Limited Nutrients

20. Coral Reef Warm clear water Very Biodiverse

21. Estuary Salt/Fresh water Boundary Nutrients & Sediment Tidal Dependance

22. Lakes & Ponds Fresh Water Turnover Lots of Nutrients

23. Streams & Rivers Oxygen depleted Seasonal turnover

24. Hydrothermal Vents Located at plate boundaries and hot spots chemosynthetic

25. Terrestrial Succession Depends on Climate and Soil

26. Terrestrial Succession Climax community

27. Aquatic Succession Eutrophication Accelerated by addition of fertilizers

28. Biome inhabitants

29. Interspecific Interactions Predator - prey

30. Predator Prey Larger smaller Less Abundant More abundant

31. Adaptations Camouflage

32. Adaptations Mimicry Monarch viceroy

33. Adaptations Startle Coloration Swallowtail peacock moth

34. Adaptations Chemical warfare

35. Interspecific Interactions Host Parasite Bigger smaller Provides home Specialized Reproduce faster

36. Parasitism Brood Parasitism

37. Parasitism Social Parasitism

38. Parasitism Parasitoids

39. Parasitism Plant Parasites Rafflesia

40. Mutualism Mutually beneficial symbiosis cooperation Oxpecker and impala Ants and acacia

41. Mutualism Coevolution of species Greater Honeyguide

43. Extinction Already Gone Greater Honeyguide

44. Extinction Factors: Low Population Density Amur Leopard South China Tiger

45. Extinction Factors: Loss of Habitat Silky Sifafka

46. Extinction Factors: Specialization Giant Panda

47. Extinction Factors: Human Activity Saiga Antelope

48. 1650 Factors: Deforestation

49. 1850 Factors: Deforestation

50. 1926 Factors: Deforestation

51. Biodiversity Successes DNA Showed Malayan tiger to be a New subspecies

52. Biodiversity Successes Recovery of previously endangered species Now delisted

53. Biodiversity Successes Discovery of new foods and drugs Madagascar periwinkle mangosteens

54. Biodiversity Successes Sustainable harvesting

55. Invasive Species kudzu Introduced in 1876 as a forage and ornamental plant

56. Invasive Species Zebra mussels Accidentally imported

57. Invasive Species Gypsy Moth Snails Deliberately imported

58. Invasive Species Scotch Broom