Poster prepared by Ermias Habte, Meki S. Muktar , Alemayehu T. Negawo , Ki Won Lee and Chris S. Jones for the International Conferences on Plant Breeding for Sustainable Development, Korea, 2-5 July 2019
Herman Warsaw developed a corn production system that got the attention of other farmers and agribusiness when he set a new world corn yield record in 1975 of 338 bu/A. Through diligent observation and experimentation, he identified and removed yield-limiting factors like inadequate soil nutrients and plant populations. By 1975, he had increased his farm's average yield to 274 bu/A. He challenged others to further improve corn yields while stewarding soil and water resources.
KaPre® RemeD8 Patented Soil Amendment & Fertilizer Additive is designed to influence and enhance several
parameters of a healthy, productive soil ecosystem. All of the premium natural components contained in KaPre® RemeD8 – beneficial microorganisms, fermentation extracts, humic acids, organic extracts, mycorrhizae, amino acids, and more - contribute to a vigorous and sustainable ecosystem.
The document summarizes a study on the effects of subsoiling on soil density and yield in an experimental field in Belgium with heavily compacted subsoil. In the study, two strips were subsoiled in September 2019 using a subsoiler to break up the compacted layer below the tillage pan. The subsoiled strips showed reduced soil penetration resistance down to 40 cm and a non-significantly higher winter wheat grain yield of 0.5 tons/ha compared to non-subsoiled strips. While subsoiling had positive effects, it should be done cautiously as it may disrupt soil structure in wet conditions.
Austrian role model for standards in fertilization and seeding of pasturesJohann HUMER
Sufficient grassland fertilisation is an important fact for productive grassland. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chalk are the most powerful and necessary nutrients for good grassland yields.
Nitrogen applied in correct quantities provides the best mass yields.
The document discusses research on the impacts of elevated CO2 levels on wheat production in Australia. Key findings include:
- Wheat grown under elevated CO2 (550 ppm) at two sites in Australia showed yield increases of 22-61% depending on location and year. More stimulation was seen at the drier location.
- Elevated CO2 decreased grain protein levels by 4-13% but increased nitrogen uptake in straw and grains by 24-63%. This has implications for wheat quality and nitrogen management.
- Crop modeling found that despite experimental yield increases under elevated CO2, future changes in rainfall and temperature are predicted to result in yield losses of 10-20% in some regions and gains of 10
Herman Warsaw developed a corn production system that got the attention of other farmers and agribusiness when he set a new world corn yield record in 1975 of 338 bu/A. Through diligent observation and experimentation, he identified and removed yield-limiting factors like inadequate soil nutrients and plant populations. By 1975, he had increased his farm's average yield to 274 bu/A. He challenged others to further improve corn yields while stewarding soil and water resources.
KaPre® RemeD8 Patented Soil Amendment & Fertilizer Additive is designed to influence and enhance several
parameters of a healthy, productive soil ecosystem. All of the premium natural components contained in KaPre® RemeD8 – beneficial microorganisms, fermentation extracts, humic acids, organic extracts, mycorrhizae, amino acids, and more - contribute to a vigorous and sustainable ecosystem.
The document summarizes a study on the effects of subsoiling on soil density and yield in an experimental field in Belgium with heavily compacted subsoil. In the study, two strips were subsoiled in September 2019 using a subsoiler to break up the compacted layer below the tillage pan. The subsoiled strips showed reduced soil penetration resistance down to 40 cm and a non-significantly higher winter wheat grain yield of 0.5 tons/ha compared to non-subsoiled strips. While subsoiling had positive effects, it should be done cautiously as it may disrupt soil structure in wet conditions.
Austrian role model for standards in fertilization and seeding of pasturesJohann HUMER
Sufficient grassland fertilisation is an important fact for productive grassland. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and chalk are the most powerful and necessary nutrients for good grassland yields.
Nitrogen applied in correct quantities provides the best mass yields.
The document discusses research on the impacts of elevated CO2 levels on wheat production in Australia. Key findings include:
- Wheat grown under elevated CO2 (550 ppm) at two sites in Australia showed yield increases of 22-61% depending on location and year. More stimulation was seen at the drier location.
- Elevated CO2 decreased grain protein levels by 4-13% but increased nitrogen uptake in straw and grains by 24-63%. This has implications for wheat quality and nitrogen management.
- Crop modeling found that despite experimental yield increases under elevated CO2, future changes in rainfall and temperature are predicted to result in yield losses of 10-20% in some regions and gains of 10
1. Cumbu Napier is a hybrid fodder grass developed from Pennisetum purpureum and P. americanum with a chromosome number of 2n = 20, 21.
2. Varieties released from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University include CO1-CO5 which are high yielding and suitable for growing throughout the year in Tamil Nadu.
3. CO-3 has characteristics of profuse tillering, high yield potential, high nutritional content, quick regeneration, and palatability with resistance to pests and diseases.
Perennial ryegrasses are very compe44ve cool season grasses that grow in a wide range of climates. It does best in full sun but will tolerate light shade. Desirable traits of perennial ryegrass are high wear tolerance and rapid establishment making it popular for sportsfields, playgrounds and parks. Manha:an 5GLR has improved tolerance to gray leaf spot disease and possesses improved salt tolerance. Manha:an 5GLR is a cer4fied “AQUAWISE” product meaning that it has been bred and tested to show improved drought tolerance.
Determination of Arid and Temperature Resistant Sweet Corn (Zea mays sacchara...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The objective of the present study is to identify aridity and temperature resistant sweet corn variety candidates and to provide resource material for development of new hybrid varieties. The research was designed as three-peat random blocks experimental design in Siirt and Sakarya locations in 2014, and irrigation application was conducted with drip irrigation method. Mean plant water consumption in control (I100) was 808 mm and 633 mm in Siirt and Sakarya, and the mean irrigation water amount was 684 mm and 138 mm, respectively. The statistical significances of differences among soil moisture content, chlorophyll-meter value, crop water stress index, fresh corncob, and grain yield were investigated. The arid and temperature resistant sweet corn line was determined according to soil moisture content, chlorophyll-meter value, and crop water stress index. The most arid and temperature resistant corn line, variety line #2, had the lowest moisture content and crop water stress index value but the highest chlorophyll-meter value. We found that to determine the arid and temperature resistant corn lines, soil moisture content values can also be used together with chlorophyll-meter values and crop water stress index.
This document provides a monthly crop calendar for rice cultivation in different rice ecologies including rainfed upland, rainfed lowland, and irrigated/transplanted systems. It outlines the major agricultural operations to be performed each month, including land preparation, sowing/transplanting, fertilizer application, weeding, pest management, and harvest. The goal is to improve and sustain rice productivity through appropriate varieties and integrated crop management practices tailored to local conditions.
This document discusses clay pot subsurface irrigation as a water-saving technology for small-scale farmers. It describes an experiment conducted in Zambia comparing the water usage and crop yields of vegetables grown using clay pot irrigation versus conventional watering can irrigation. The experiment found that clay pot irrigation used less water while maintaining or increasing crop yields. It concluded that clay pot irrigation is a suitable system for small-scale farmers in arid regions as it saves water and labor while maximizing production.
Renovating Horse Paddocks, what's involved?Horse SA
presented at a Horse SA event by Andy Cole
Why not find out more about the work of Horse SA and also check out future events and webinars
http://www.horsesa.asn.au/events/event/
This project is jointly funded through Adelaide and Mt Lofty Ranges Natural Resources Management Board levy, HorseSA and the Australian Government’s National Landcare Programme
http://www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au/adelaidemtloftyranges/land/landholder-services
Effect of partial rootzone drying technique on growth performance of sorghumAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) irrigation techniques on the growth performance of sorghum. The study found that sorghum grown under PRD techniques performed better than those under full irrigation. Specifically, irrigation regimes with 75% and 100% of full irrigation water produced better growth parameters, crop water use efficiency, and yields compared to regimes with 50% and 25% irrigation. The study also found interactions between the PRD irrigation techniques and two different soil types (Rengam soil series and Rhu Tapai soil series) for some growth parameters. Overall, the study concluded that using PRD irrigation can optimize sorghum production in water-limited conditions.
The document discusses the RiceCheck system for increasing productivity and efficiency in rice production. It notes that there is still a large yield gap in irrigated rice systems globally. RiceCheck was developed as an integrated crop management approach based on the Australian system. FAO is working with countries to modify and disseminate RiceCheck to help close yield gaps and increase productivity in a sustainable manner. Initial results show it has increased yields by up to 30% in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, and Vietnam.
This document describes a field trial conducted in King City, California to test the efficacy of Nualgi Foliar, a nano-scale foliar fertilizer, on spinach crops. The trial utilized three different fertilization protocols: a grower standard approach, the standard reduced by 30% plus Nualgi Foliar, and Nualgi Foliar alone. Data was collected on yield, quality, nutrient levels, pest resistance and other factors. The objective was to evaluate whether Nualgi Foliar could improve spinach crop performance and provide an adequate return on investment.
Rice is a semi-aquatic grass that thrives in warm climates and is the staple food for over half the world's population. India is the second largest producer of rice, with production in 2021-22 estimated at a record 129.66 million tonnes. There are two cultivated species of rice, Oryza sativa found in Asia, America and Europe and Oryza glaberrima found in West Africa. Common methods for growing rice include transplanted puddled lowland rice, system of rice intensification, wet seeded puddled lowland rice, and dry seeded methods with and without supplemental irrigation. Proper land preparation, seed treatment, water and fertilizer management are important for optimal
Farm Business Update 2014: Aylsham, Johnny Johnston and soil fertilityCLA - East
1) The document discusses soil fertility and the efficient use of fertilizers in crop production. It defines a fertile soil as one that produces high yields economically while minimizing environmental impact.
2) The document separates fertilizers into two groups - nitrogen and sulfur which are readily leached from soil, and phosphate, potash, and magnesium which accumulate in soil over time.
3) Maintaining adequate levels of plant-available phosphorus and potassium in soil is important for efficient nitrogen use by crops and maximizing yields. Good soil structure also promotes root growth and nutrient uptake.
Reuse of wastewater from phosphate fertilizer factories can combat soil alkal...Innspub Net
In the current study, gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) plants were grown in three growth media; peat moss, clay and rice straw. Acidic wastewater from Manquebad Superphosphate Fertilizer Factory (Assiut, Upper-Egypt) was applied as soil drench (200 ml/pot) at 0, 10, 20 and 30 days. Pots of gardenia were arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replicates and repeated for two successive growing seasons. Peat moss produced the best vegetative and flowering growth of gardenia which could be assigned to its low pH and high organic matter content. Rice straw-grown plants had better vegetative growth than clay-grown ones in terms of plant height, number of leaves, branches and internodes, internode length, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, number and diameter of flowers and possessed the highest leaf contents of phosphorus, potassium, cupper and manganese. Plants grown in clay were thicker with bigger leaves resulting in higher total leaf area, and were characterized by the highest shoot-root ratio, more flowers and higher leaf contents of chlorophylls a&b, nitrogen and iron. The application of the acidic water improved vegetative and flowering growth and leaf nutrient content of those plants grown in both clay and rice straw. Increasing the frequency of acidic water application to 10-day interval caused a significant improvement in all vegetative and flowering characteristics and leaf nutrient content. In conclusion, using acidic water at 10-day interval can improve the quality of rice straw and clay to be used as good substitutes for peat moss.
Land suitability and availability for biofuel feedstock production in sub-Sah...SIANI
Presented as part of the seminar: South at the Steering Wheel - Improving sustainability in land investment for bioenergy in sub-Saharan Africa
29th May 2012, 08:00 - 17:30
Naturvårdsverket (Swedish EPA), Stockholm, Sweden
Speaker: Dr. Helen Watson, University of Kwazulu Natal (South Africa)
Helen Watson discusses assessing land suitability as often based on finding suitable land for a
specific feedstock. Her concerns include:
The limitations of the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT)(Dragisic et al., 2010) for African conditions
The lack of consideration of good management practices in agro-environmental zoning methodology, and the proposed exclusion of slopes steeper than 20% from being zoned as suitable, although such slopes are routinely used in commercial production
The lack of long term, spatially extensive data on the wide range of climatic parameters needed to predict yield performances in particular (1 km2) parcels.
The need for research on what changes in animal migration patterns could follow from climate change, and ensuring that any new fencing for bioenergy projects would not infer with such changes.
The inclusion of archaeologically and historically/culturally significant areas and sites into GIS. Literature on such sites often lacks GPS co-ordinates.
Methods & processes of active stakeholder engagement in successful land use for bioenergy
Systems Approaches for Perennial Crops: Case Studies from Perennial Wheat in ...FAO
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Len Wade (Charles Sturt University) describing the role and benefit of perennial crops in farming systems using examples from Australia and Asia. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
An Agronomic field study was conducted at University of Limpopo Experimental farm, Syferkuil, over two summer growing seasons to determine the optimum phosphorus (P) rate and also assess the productivity of pigeonpea under intercrop with maize. Five P rates (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg P ha-1) were evaluated under sole and intercropped pigeonpea. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Results revealed that variable P fertilizer rates exerted significant effect on pigeonpea grain yield in both seasons. Highest grain yields of 922 and 1141.7 kg ha-1 under sole and intercrop plots, respectively, were achieved at 45 kg P ha-1 during first and second seasons, respectively. However, the predicted optimum grain yield of 734 and 1034 kg ha-1 based on the response model was achieved at 52.67 kg P ha-1 and 42.84 kg P ha-1, in the respective seasons. Intercropping achieved a significantly higher pigeonpea grain yield (+37%) during second year than sole cropping following P addition; with over 21% mean grain yield advantage across the two planting seasons. Hence, depending on the inherent soil-P level, application of 42-53 kg P ha-1 under pigeonpea/maize intercrop represents the range at which P is optimum for maximum pigeonpea grain yield and better returns for farmers.
1. The document describes the trench method planting technique for sugarcane that can increase productivity. It involves making trenches, placing fertilizer and two rows of sugarcane sets in each trench.
2. Field demonstrations using this technique along with site-specific nutrient management in Uttar Pradesh led to improved germination from 38% to 64% and increased average yields from 675 quintals/hectare to 1000 quintals/hectare, doubling district productivity.
3. Variety CO 0238 is highlighted as a promising early variety for the Northwestern zone of India that has achieved the highest ever sugar recovery recorded in subtropical India.
doubling farmers income by pineapple cultivationAmit Kumar
- The document discusses the parameters for growing pineapple and marigold including their botanical names, origin, temperature requirements, soil type, rainfall needs, and more. It provides details on the pineapple and marigold production scenarios in India.
- Cost of cultivation for 1 acre of pomegranate is estimated at Rs. 150,000 while for African marigold it is Rs. 10,000. The total estimated income from pomegranate is Rs. 12,50,000 giving a net return of Rs. 8,65,000.
- Based on temperature, rainfall, humidity and soil type parameters, the document concludes that pineapple can be grown in both Kishanganj and Varanasi districts
This document summarizes a study that determined the water requirements, crop coefficients, and effects of deficit irrigation on hot pepper growth. The study found that:
1) Hot pepper requires about 587mm of water over the growing season under full irrigation.
2) The crop coefficients at different growth stages under full irrigation were 0.47, 0.86, 1.42, and 0.91.
3) Deficit irrigation of up to 20% (80% water requirement) had no significant effects on pepper growth, development, or fruiting.
Effect of partial rootzone drying technique on yield and yield components of ...Alexander Decker
This study evaluated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) irrigation techniques on yield and yield components of sorghum grown on two soil types. PRD consisted of four irrigation regimes with varying levels of irrigation (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%). The study found that sorghum grown under 100% and 75% irrigation regimes had higher yields and yield components compared to the 50% and 25% regimes. Water use efficiency was also highest under the 100% regime. There were no significant differences between the soil types. Economically, the 100% and 75% irrigation regimes were more profitable due to higher yields. Therefore, the study concluded that PRD irrigation can optimize sorghum production in semi-arid regions
Small ruminant keepers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices towards peste des ...ILRI
Presentation by Guy Ilboudo, Abel Sènabgè Biguezoton, Cheick Abou Kounta Sidibé, Modou Moustapha Lo, Zoë Campbell and Michel Dione at the 6th Peste des Petits Ruminants Global Research and Expertise Networks (PPR-GREN) annual meeting, Bengaluru, India, 28–30 November 2023.
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Similar to Identification of water use efficient Napier grass accessions using field drought stress
1. Cumbu Napier is a hybrid fodder grass developed from Pennisetum purpureum and P. americanum with a chromosome number of 2n = 20, 21.
2. Varieties released from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University include CO1-CO5 which are high yielding and suitable for growing throughout the year in Tamil Nadu.
3. CO-3 has characteristics of profuse tillering, high yield potential, high nutritional content, quick regeneration, and palatability with resistance to pests and diseases.
Perennial ryegrasses are very compe44ve cool season grasses that grow in a wide range of climates. It does best in full sun but will tolerate light shade. Desirable traits of perennial ryegrass are high wear tolerance and rapid establishment making it popular for sportsfields, playgrounds and parks. Manha:an 5GLR has improved tolerance to gray leaf spot disease and possesses improved salt tolerance. Manha:an 5GLR is a cer4fied “AQUAWISE” product meaning that it has been bred and tested to show improved drought tolerance.
Determination of Arid and Temperature Resistant Sweet Corn (Zea mays sacchara...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
The objective of the present study is to identify aridity and temperature resistant sweet corn variety candidates and to provide resource material for development of new hybrid varieties. The research was designed as three-peat random blocks experimental design in Siirt and Sakarya locations in 2014, and irrigation application was conducted with drip irrigation method. Mean plant water consumption in control (I100) was 808 mm and 633 mm in Siirt and Sakarya, and the mean irrigation water amount was 684 mm and 138 mm, respectively. The statistical significances of differences among soil moisture content, chlorophyll-meter value, crop water stress index, fresh corncob, and grain yield were investigated. The arid and temperature resistant sweet corn line was determined according to soil moisture content, chlorophyll-meter value, and crop water stress index. The most arid and temperature resistant corn line, variety line #2, had the lowest moisture content and crop water stress index value but the highest chlorophyll-meter value. We found that to determine the arid and temperature resistant corn lines, soil moisture content values can also be used together with chlorophyll-meter values and crop water stress index.
This document provides a monthly crop calendar for rice cultivation in different rice ecologies including rainfed upland, rainfed lowland, and irrigated/transplanted systems. It outlines the major agricultural operations to be performed each month, including land preparation, sowing/transplanting, fertilizer application, weeding, pest management, and harvest. The goal is to improve and sustain rice productivity through appropriate varieties and integrated crop management practices tailored to local conditions.
This document discusses clay pot subsurface irrigation as a water-saving technology for small-scale farmers. It describes an experiment conducted in Zambia comparing the water usage and crop yields of vegetables grown using clay pot irrigation versus conventional watering can irrigation. The experiment found that clay pot irrigation used less water while maintaining or increasing crop yields. It concluded that clay pot irrigation is a suitable system for small-scale farmers in arid regions as it saves water and labor while maximizing production.
Renovating Horse Paddocks, what's involved?Horse SA
presented at a Horse SA event by Andy Cole
Why not find out more about the work of Horse SA and also check out future events and webinars
http://www.horsesa.asn.au/events/event/
This project is jointly funded through Adelaide and Mt Lofty Ranges Natural Resources Management Board levy, HorseSA and the Australian Government’s National Landcare Programme
http://www.naturalresources.sa.gov.au/adelaidemtloftyranges/land/landholder-services
Effect of partial rootzone drying technique on growth performance of sorghumAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) irrigation techniques on the growth performance of sorghum. The study found that sorghum grown under PRD techniques performed better than those under full irrigation. Specifically, irrigation regimes with 75% and 100% of full irrigation water produced better growth parameters, crop water use efficiency, and yields compared to regimes with 50% and 25% irrigation. The study also found interactions between the PRD irrigation techniques and two different soil types (Rengam soil series and Rhu Tapai soil series) for some growth parameters. Overall, the study concluded that using PRD irrigation can optimize sorghum production in water-limited conditions.
The document discusses the RiceCheck system for increasing productivity and efficiency in rice production. It notes that there is still a large yield gap in irrigated rice systems globally. RiceCheck was developed as an integrated crop management approach based on the Australian system. FAO is working with countries to modify and disseminate RiceCheck to help close yield gaps and increase productivity in a sustainable manner. Initial results show it has increased yields by up to 30% in countries like Brazil, Indonesia, and Vietnam.
This document describes a field trial conducted in King City, California to test the efficacy of Nualgi Foliar, a nano-scale foliar fertilizer, on spinach crops. The trial utilized three different fertilization protocols: a grower standard approach, the standard reduced by 30% plus Nualgi Foliar, and Nualgi Foliar alone. Data was collected on yield, quality, nutrient levels, pest resistance and other factors. The objective was to evaluate whether Nualgi Foliar could improve spinach crop performance and provide an adequate return on investment.
Rice is a semi-aquatic grass that thrives in warm climates and is the staple food for over half the world's population. India is the second largest producer of rice, with production in 2021-22 estimated at a record 129.66 million tonnes. There are two cultivated species of rice, Oryza sativa found in Asia, America and Europe and Oryza glaberrima found in West Africa. Common methods for growing rice include transplanted puddled lowland rice, system of rice intensification, wet seeded puddled lowland rice, and dry seeded methods with and without supplemental irrigation. Proper land preparation, seed treatment, water and fertilizer management are important for optimal
Farm Business Update 2014: Aylsham, Johnny Johnston and soil fertilityCLA - East
1) The document discusses soil fertility and the efficient use of fertilizers in crop production. It defines a fertile soil as one that produces high yields economically while minimizing environmental impact.
2) The document separates fertilizers into two groups - nitrogen and sulfur which are readily leached from soil, and phosphate, potash, and magnesium which accumulate in soil over time.
3) Maintaining adequate levels of plant-available phosphorus and potassium in soil is important for efficient nitrogen use by crops and maximizing yields. Good soil structure also promotes root growth and nutrient uptake.
Reuse of wastewater from phosphate fertilizer factories can combat soil alkal...Innspub Net
In the current study, gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis) plants were grown in three growth media; peat moss, clay and rice straw. Acidic wastewater from Manquebad Superphosphate Fertilizer Factory (Assiut, Upper-Egypt) was applied as soil drench (200 ml/pot) at 0, 10, 20 and 30 days. Pots of gardenia were arranged in a complete randomized block design with three replicates and repeated for two successive growing seasons. Peat moss produced the best vegetative and flowering growth of gardenia which could be assigned to its low pH and high organic matter content. Rice straw-grown plants had better vegetative growth than clay-grown ones in terms of plant height, number of leaves, branches and internodes, internode length, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, number and diameter of flowers and possessed the highest leaf contents of phosphorus, potassium, cupper and manganese. Plants grown in clay were thicker with bigger leaves resulting in higher total leaf area, and were characterized by the highest shoot-root ratio, more flowers and higher leaf contents of chlorophylls a&b, nitrogen and iron. The application of the acidic water improved vegetative and flowering growth and leaf nutrient content of those plants grown in both clay and rice straw. Increasing the frequency of acidic water application to 10-day interval caused a significant improvement in all vegetative and flowering characteristics and leaf nutrient content. In conclusion, using acidic water at 10-day interval can improve the quality of rice straw and clay to be used as good substitutes for peat moss.
Land suitability and availability for biofuel feedstock production in sub-Sah...SIANI
Presented as part of the seminar: South at the Steering Wheel - Improving sustainability in land investment for bioenergy in sub-Saharan Africa
29th May 2012, 08:00 - 17:30
Naturvårdsverket (Swedish EPA), Stockholm, Sweden
Speaker: Dr. Helen Watson, University of Kwazulu Natal (South Africa)
Helen Watson discusses assessing land suitability as often based on finding suitable land for a
specific feedstock. Her concerns include:
The limitations of the Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT)(Dragisic et al., 2010) for African conditions
The lack of consideration of good management practices in agro-environmental zoning methodology, and the proposed exclusion of slopes steeper than 20% from being zoned as suitable, although such slopes are routinely used in commercial production
The lack of long term, spatially extensive data on the wide range of climatic parameters needed to predict yield performances in particular (1 km2) parcels.
The need for research on what changes in animal migration patterns could follow from climate change, and ensuring that any new fencing for bioenergy projects would not infer with such changes.
The inclusion of archaeologically and historically/culturally significant areas and sites into GIS. Literature on such sites often lacks GPS co-ordinates.
Methods & processes of active stakeholder engagement in successful land use for bioenergy
Systems Approaches for Perennial Crops: Case Studies from Perennial Wheat in ...FAO
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Len Wade (Charles Sturt University) describing the role and benefit of perennial crops in farming systems using examples from Australia and Asia. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
An Agronomic field study was conducted at University of Limpopo Experimental farm, Syferkuil, over two summer growing seasons to determine the optimum phosphorus (P) rate and also assess the productivity of pigeonpea under intercrop with maize. Five P rates (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 kg P ha-1) were evaluated under sole and intercropped pigeonpea. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Results revealed that variable P fertilizer rates exerted significant effect on pigeonpea grain yield in both seasons. Highest grain yields of 922 and 1141.7 kg ha-1 under sole and intercrop plots, respectively, were achieved at 45 kg P ha-1 during first and second seasons, respectively. However, the predicted optimum grain yield of 734 and 1034 kg ha-1 based on the response model was achieved at 52.67 kg P ha-1 and 42.84 kg P ha-1, in the respective seasons. Intercropping achieved a significantly higher pigeonpea grain yield (+37%) during second year than sole cropping following P addition; with over 21% mean grain yield advantage across the two planting seasons. Hence, depending on the inherent soil-P level, application of 42-53 kg P ha-1 under pigeonpea/maize intercrop represents the range at which P is optimum for maximum pigeonpea grain yield and better returns for farmers.
1. The document describes the trench method planting technique for sugarcane that can increase productivity. It involves making trenches, placing fertilizer and two rows of sugarcane sets in each trench.
2. Field demonstrations using this technique along with site-specific nutrient management in Uttar Pradesh led to improved germination from 38% to 64% and increased average yields from 675 quintals/hectare to 1000 quintals/hectare, doubling district productivity.
3. Variety CO 0238 is highlighted as a promising early variety for the Northwestern zone of India that has achieved the highest ever sugar recovery recorded in subtropical India.
doubling farmers income by pineapple cultivationAmit Kumar
- The document discusses the parameters for growing pineapple and marigold including their botanical names, origin, temperature requirements, soil type, rainfall needs, and more. It provides details on the pineapple and marigold production scenarios in India.
- Cost of cultivation for 1 acre of pomegranate is estimated at Rs. 150,000 while for African marigold it is Rs. 10,000. The total estimated income from pomegranate is Rs. 12,50,000 giving a net return of Rs. 8,65,000.
- Based on temperature, rainfall, humidity and soil type parameters, the document concludes that pineapple can be grown in both Kishanganj and Varanasi districts
This document summarizes a study that determined the water requirements, crop coefficients, and effects of deficit irrigation on hot pepper growth. The study found that:
1) Hot pepper requires about 587mm of water over the growing season under full irrigation.
2) The crop coefficients at different growth stages under full irrigation were 0.47, 0.86, 1.42, and 0.91.
3) Deficit irrigation of up to 20% (80% water requirement) had no significant effects on pepper growth, development, or fruiting.
Effect of partial rootzone drying technique on yield and yield components of ...Alexander Decker
This study evaluated the effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) irrigation techniques on yield and yield components of sorghum grown on two soil types. PRD consisted of four irrigation regimes with varying levels of irrigation (100%, 75%, 50%, 25%). The study found that sorghum grown under 100% and 75% irrigation regimes had higher yields and yield components compared to the 50% and 25% regimes. Water use efficiency was also highest under the 100% regime. There were no significant differences between the soil types. Economically, the 100% and 75% irrigation regimes were more profitable due to higher yields. Therefore, the study concluded that PRD irrigation can optimize sorghum production in semi-arid regions
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
Preventing a post-antibiotic era: a 12-slide primer on antimicrobial resistanceILRI
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
Food safety research in low- and middle-income countriesILRI
Presentation by Hung Nguyen-Viet at the first technical meeting to launch the Food Safety Working Group under the One Health Partnership framework, Hanoi, Vietnam, 28 September 2023
The Food Safety Working Group (FSWG) in Vietnam was created in 2015 at the request of the Deputy Prime Minister to address food safety issues in the country. It brings together government agencies, ministries, and development partners to facilitate joint policy dialogue and improve food safety. Over eight years of operations led by different organizations, the FSWG has contributed to various initiatives. However, it faces challenges of diminished government participation over time and dependence on active members. Going forward, it will strengthen its operations by integrating under Vietnam's One Health Partnership framework to better engage stakeholders and achieve policy impacts.
Reservoirs of pathogenic Leptospira species in UgandaILRI
Presentation by Lordrick Alinaitwe, Martin Wainaina, Salome Dürr, Clovice Kankya, Velma Kivali, James Bugeza, Martin Richter, Kristina Roesel, Annie Cook and Anne Mayer-Scholl at the University of Bern Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Symposium, Bern, Switzerland, 29 June 2023.
Assessing meat microbiological safety and associated handling practices in bu...ILRI
Presentation by Patricia Koech, Winnie Ogutu, Linnet Ochieng, Delia Grace, George Gitao, Lily Bebora, Max Korir, Florence Mutua and Arshnee Moodley at the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Ecological factors associated with abundance and distribution of mosquito vec...ILRI
Poster by Max Korir, Joel Lutomiah and Bernard Bett presented the 8th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana, 26–29 September 2023.
Practices and drivers of antibiotic use in Kenyan smallholder dairy farmsILRI
Poster by Lydiah Kisoo, Dishon M. Muloi, Walter Oguta, Daisy Ronoh, Lynn Kirwa, James Akoko, Eric Fèvre, Arshnee Moodley and Lillian Wambua presented at Tropentag 2023, Berlin, Germany, 20–22 September 2023.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Candidate young stellar objects in the S-cluster: Kinematic analysis of a sub...Sérgio Sacani
Context. The observation of several L-band emission sources in the S cluster has led to a rich discussion of their nature. However, a definitive answer to the classification of the dusty objects requires an explanation for the detection of compact Doppler-shifted Brγ emission. The ionized hydrogen in combination with the observation of mid-infrared L-band continuum emission suggests that most of these sources are embedded in a dusty envelope. These embedded sources are part of the S-cluster, and their relationship to the S-stars is still under debate. To date, the question of the origin of these two populations has been vague, although all explanations favor migration processes for the individual cluster members. Aims. This work revisits the S-cluster and its dusty members orbiting the supermassive black hole SgrA* on bound Keplerian orbits from a kinematic perspective. The aim is to explore the Keplerian parameters for patterns that might imply a nonrandom distribution of the sample. Additionally, various analytical aspects are considered to address the nature of the dusty sources. Methods. Based on the photometric analysis, we estimated the individual H−K and K−L colors for the source sample and compared the results to known cluster members. The classification revealed a noticeable contrast between the S-stars and the dusty sources. To fit the flux-density distribution, we utilized the radiative transfer code HYPERION and implemented a young stellar object Class I model. We obtained the position angle from the Keplerian fit results; additionally, we analyzed the distribution of the inclinations and the longitudes of the ascending node. Results. The colors of the dusty sources suggest a stellar nature consistent with the spectral energy distribution in the near and midinfrared domains. Furthermore, the evaporation timescales of dusty and gaseous clumps in the vicinity of SgrA* are much shorter ( 2yr) than the epochs covered by the observations (≈15yr). In addition to the strong evidence for the stellar classification of the D-sources, we also find a clear disk-like pattern following the arrangements of S-stars proposed in the literature. Furthermore, we find a global intrinsic inclination for all dusty sources of 60 ± 20◦, implying a common formation process. Conclusions. The pattern of the dusty sources manifested in the distribution of the position angles, inclinations, and longitudes of the ascending node strongly suggests two different scenarios: the main-sequence stars and the dusty stellar S-cluster sources share a common formation history or migrated with a similar formation channel in the vicinity of SgrA*. Alternatively, the gravitational influence of SgrA* in combination with a massive perturber, such as a putative intermediate mass black hole in the IRS 13 cluster, forces the dusty objects and S-stars to follow a particular orbital arrangement. Key words. stars: black holes– stars: formation– Galaxy: center– galaxies: star formation
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)eitps1506
Description:
Dive into the fascinating realm of solid-state physics with our meticulously crafted online PowerPoint presentation. This immersive educational resource offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications within the realm of solid-state physics.
From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
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The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
Identification of water use efficient Napier grass accessions using field drought stress
1. Napier grass (Cenchrus purpureus Schumach L.) is an important perennial forage native to Africa and now introduced and grown in many tropical and
subtropical countries. It is considered as a short-term drought tolerant forage, which is a useful trait in areas with low soil moisture during the dry season,
although it is recommended for planting in areas with rainfall >1,000 mm. In order to exploit the potential of this grass species for improved water use
efficiency (WUE), a field drought stress experiment was conducted with the objective to identify traits that underlie enhanced water use efficiency and to
select best performing genotypes that can thrive in low soil moisture areas.
Identification of Water Use Efficient Napier Grass Accessions
Using Field Drought Stress
▪ Eighty four accessions from ILRI and EMBRAPA
collections of Napier grass were planted using a P-rep
design in four blocks in Bishoftu, Ethiopia.
▪ After establishment plants were exposed to
optimum water (OW) with 20% soil moisture or
water stress (WS) with 10% soil moisture during the
dry season.
▪ Agronomic and physiological data were collected at
every 8 weeks of re-growth.
METHODOLOGY
Fig. 1. Napier grass growing under optimum water (OW, left panel) and water stress (WS, right panel) conditions
▪ The study revealed significant differences between plants grown under optimum water and
water stress (Fig. 1).
▪ Significant genotypic differences were observed among genotypes for morphological and
agronomic traits which suggests selection for improved forage performance will be efficient
(Table 1.).
▪ Genotypes showed significant variation for total dry weight (Fig. 2) and enhanced water use
efficiency (Fig. 3) implying that genotypes differ in economic use of water for increased
biomass production under water limited conditions.
▪ Genotypes showed consistent performance for biomass dry weight and water use efficiency
observed across dry season harvests, indicating promising Napier grass accessions could be
identified for low soil moisture areas forage production.
INTRODUCTION
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BAGCE100
BAGCE17
BAGCE30
BAGCE343
BAGCE53
BAGCE81
BAGCE86
BAGCE90
BAGCE97
CNPGL00-1-1
CNPGL92-133-3
CNPGL92-198-7
CNPGL92-56-2
CNPGL92-66-3
CNPGL9279-2
CNPGL93-37-5
CNPGL93-01-1
CNPGL93-04-2
CNPGL93-18-2
CNPGL94-13-1
CNPGL96-21-1
CNPGL96-23-1
CNPGL96-27-3
PIONEIRO
TDW(t/ha)
OW WS
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BAGCE 100
BAGCE 17
BAGCE 30
BAGCE 343
BAGCE 53
BAGCE 81
BAGCE 86
BAGCE 90
BAGCE 97
CNPGL 00-1-1
CNPGL 92-…
CNPGL 92-…
CNPGL 92-56-2
CNPGL 92-66-3
CNPGL 9279-2
CNPGL 93 -37-5
CNPGL 93-01-1
CNPGL 93-04-2
CNPGL 93-18-2
CNPGL 94-13-1
CNPGL 96-21-1
CNPGL 96-23-1CNPGL 96-27-3PIONEIRO
WUE g/m3
OW WS
Fig. 2. Total dry weight of 84 Napier grass accessions averaged over four dry season harvests between OW/WS
Table 1. Summary ANOVA and coefficient of variation
for morphological and agronomic traits of four dry season harvests
Fig. 3. WUE of 84 Napier genotypes under OW/WS over four dry
season harvests
Sources of
Variation PH LW TN TFW TDW WUE
Genotype 139.39*** 151.79*** 15293.4*** 51.08*** 4.74*** 25.26***
Treatment
(OW/WS) 3306.68** 857.3* 33433*** 3377.94** 308.73** 109.3**
Genotype X
Treatment 21.07* 19.69ns 3287.9*** 18.36*** 1.72* 7.93*
Range 1.67-60.33 3-35.33 0.67-264 0.02-36.74 0.04-17.42 0.05-27.24
Mean 12.11 19.01 82.52 3.89 1.2 2.75
GCV% 31.26 21.57 51.37 58.29 54.39 55.07
PCV% 51.64 30.74 63.14 69.84 71.49 72.35
PH = plant height; LW = Leaf width; LL = Leaf length; TFW = Total fresh weight; TDW = Total dry weight
WUE =Water use efficiency; *,**,*** = Significant level at 0.5% .0.1%and 0.001%, ns=Non significant
MAJOR FINDINGS
Ermias Habte:
E.Habte@cgiar.org, Feed and Forage Development, International
Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. ilri.org
This research was supported by the "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science
& Technology Development (Project No. PJ012187)" , Rural Development Administration,
Republic of Korea
Ermias Habte, Meki S. Muktar, Alemayehu T. Negawo, Ki-Won Lee and Chris S. Jones
RESULTS
This document is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
Date Year. July,2019