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Diagnosis and treatments
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
You should see a doctor if you have had a possible seizure or
similar event. Sometimes it is difficult for a doctor to
confirm that you have had a seizure. The most important
part of confirming the diagnosis is the description of what
happened. Other conditions can look like seizures - for
example, faints, panic attacks, collapses due to heart
problems, breath-holding attacks in children.
Howis epilepsy diagnosed?
Therefore, it is important that a doctor should have a clear
description of what happened during the event. It may be
that a person who witnessed your seizure may be able to
give a more accurate description of what happened during
your seizure.
There is no one test to confirm a diagnosis of epilepsy.
However, tests such as brain scans, electroencephalogram
(EEG - brainwave recordings) and blood tests may help to
make a diagnosis.
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
A brain scan - usually a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or
computed tomography (CT) scan - shows the structure of
different parts of the brain. This may be performed in some
people.
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
EEG. This test records the electrical activity of the brain.
Special stickers are placed on various parts of the scalp.
They are connected to the EEG machine. This amplifies the
tiny electrical messages given off by the brain and records
their pattern on paper or computer. The test is painless.
Some types of seizure produce typical EEG patterns.
However, a normal recording does not rule out epilepsy, and
not all EEG abnormalities are related to epilepsy.
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
Blood tests and other tests may be advised to check on your
general well-being. They may also look for other possible
causes of the event.
How is epilepsy diagnosed?
Although helpful, tests are not foolproof. It is possible to
have epilepsy with normal test results. Also, if an
abnormality is found on a brain scan, it does not prove that
it causes seizures.
However, tests may help to decide if the event was a
seizure, or caused by something else. It is unusual for a
diagnosis of epilepsy to be made after one seizure, as the
definition of epilepsy is recurrent seizures. For this reason a
doctor may suggest to wait and see if it happens again
before making a firm diagnosis of epilepsy.
What are the treatments for epilepsy?
Medication
Epilepsy cannot be cured with medication. However, with
the right type and strength of medication, the majority of
people with epilepsy do not have seizures. The medicines
work by stabilising the electrical activity of the brain. You
need to take medication every day to prevent seizures.
Deciding on which medicine to prescribe depends on such
things as: your type of epilepsy, your age, other medicines
that you may take for other conditions, possible side-
effects, whether you are pregnant or if planning a
pregnancy.
What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy?
One medicine can prevent seizures in most cases. A low dose is
usually started at first. The dose may be increased if this fails to
prevent seizures. In some cases two medicines are needed to
prevent seizures.
The decision when to start medication may be difficult. A first
seizure may not mean that you have epilepsy, as a second seizure
may never happen, or may occur years later. The decision to start
medication should be made by weighing up all the pros and cons
of starting, or not starting, the medicine. It is unusual to start
treatment after a first seizure. A common option is to wait and see
after a first seizure. If you have a second seizure within a few
months, more are likely.
What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy?
The type of treatment you will be given often depends on the type
of seizures you have and also if you are taking any other
medication.
Some points about medication for epilepsy include the following:
Ask your doctor how long treatment is likely to be advised. This
will vary from case to case. If you have not had seizures for
several years, you may wish to try stopping medication. However,
this depends on your particular type of epilepsy, as some types
will need medication for life. Your life circumstances may
influence the decision about stopping medication.
What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy?
Although the list of possible side-effects for each medicine
seems long, in practice, most people have few or no side-
effects, or just minor ones. Ask your doctor which side-
effects are important to look out for. If you develop a
troublesome side-effect it may be dose-related, or may
diminish in time. Alternatively, a switch to another medicine
may be advised.
What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy?
Medicines which are used for other conditions may interfere
with medication for epilepsy. If you are prescribed or
buy another medicine, remind your doctor or pharmacist
that you take medication for epilepsy. Even things like
indigestion medicines may interact with your epilepsy
medication, which may increase your chance of having a
seizure.
What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy?
Some medicines for epilepsy interfere with the
contraceptive pill. A higher-dose pill or an alternative
method of contraception may be needed.
Tell your doctor if you intend to become pregnant. Pre-
conception counselling is important for women with
epilepsy.
If you have epilepsy and take medication, you are exempt
from prescription charges for all your prescriptions. You
need an exemption certificate. You can get this from your
pharmacist.

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Epilepsy Awareness

  • 2. How is epilepsy diagnosed? You should see a doctor if you have had a possible seizure or similar event. Sometimes it is difficult for a doctor to confirm that you have had a seizure. The most important part of confirming the diagnosis is the description of what happened. Other conditions can look like seizures - for example, faints, panic attacks, collapses due to heart problems, breath-holding attacks in children.
  • 3. Howis epilepsy diagnosed? Therefore, it is important that a doctor should have a clear description of what happened during the event. It may be that a person who witnessed your seizure may be able to give a more accurate description of what happened during your seizure. There is no one test to confirm a diagnosis of epilepsy. However, tests such as brain scans, electroencephalogram (EEG - brainwave recordings) and blood tests may help to make a diagnosis.
  • 4. How is epilepsy diagnosed? A brain scan - usually a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan - shows the structure of different parts of the brain. This may be performed in some people.
  • 5. How is epilepsy diagnosed? EEG. This test records the electrical activity of the brain. Special stickers are placed on various parts of the scalp. They are connected to the EEG machine. This amplifies the tiny electrical messages given off by the brain and records their pattern on paper or computer. The test is painless. Some types of seizure produce typical EEG patterns. However, a normal recording does not rule out epilepsy, and not all EEG abnormalities are related to epilepsy.
  • 6. How is epilepsy diagnosed? Blood tests and other tests may be advised to check on your general well-being. They may also look for other possible causes of the event.
  • 7. How is epilepsy diagnosed? Although helpful, tests are not foolproof. It is possible to have epilepsy with normal test results. Also, if an abnormality is found on a brain scan, it does not prove that it causes seizures. However, tests may help to decide if the event was a seizure, or caused by something else. It is unusual for a diagnosis of epilepsy to be made after one seizure, as the definition of epilepsy is recurrent seizures. For this reason a doctor may suggest to wait and see if it happens again before making a firm diagnosis of epilepsy.
  • 8. What are the treatments for epilepsy? Medication Epilepsy cannot be cured with medication. However, with the right type and strength of medication, the majority of people with epilepsy do not have seizures. The medicines work by stabilising the electrical activity of the brain. You need to take medication every day to prevent seizures. Deciding on which medicine to prescribe depends on such things as: your type of epilepsy, your age, other medicines that you may take for other conditions, possible side- effects, whether you are pregnant or if planning a pregnancy.
  • 9. What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy? One medicine can prevent seizures in most cases. A low dose is usually started at first. The dose may be increased if this fails to prevent seizures. In some cases two medicines are needed to prevent seizures. The decision when to start medication may be difficult. A first seizure may not mean that you have epilepsy, as a second seizure may never happen, or may occur years later. The decision to start medication should be made by weighing up all the pros and cons of starting, or not starting, the medicine. It is unusual to start treatment after a first seizure. A common option is to wait and see after a first seizure. If you have a second seizure within a few months, more are likely.
  • 10. What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy? The type of treatment you will be given often depends on the type of seizures you have and also if you are taking any other medication. Some points about medication for epilepsy include the following: Ask your doctor how long treatment is likely to be advised. This will vary from case to case. If you have not had seizures for several years, you may wish to try stopping medication. However, this depends on your particular type of epilepsy, as some types will need medication for life. Your life circumstances may influence the decision about stopping medication.
  • 11. What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy? Although the list of possible side-effects for each medicine seems long, in practice, most people have few or no side- effects, or just minor ones. Ask your doctor which side- effects are important to look out for. If you develop a troublesome side-effect it may be dose-related, or may diminish in time. Alternatively, a switch to another medicine may be advised.
  • 12. What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy? Medicines which are used for other conditions may interfere with medication for epilepsy. If you are prescribed or buy another medicine, remind your doctor or pharmacist that you take medication for epilepsy. Even things like indigestion medicines may interact with your epilepsy medication, which may increase your chance of having a seizure.
  • 13. What are the treatmentsfor epilepsy? Some medicines for epilepsy interfere with the contraceptive pill. A higher-dose pill or an alternative method of contraception may be needed. Tell your doctor if you intend to become pregnant. Pre- conception counselling is important for women with epilepsy. If you have epilepsy and take medication, you are exempt from prescription charges for all your prescriptions. You need an exemption certificate. You can get this from your pharmacist.