The purpose of uploading this presentation is to share an example that how an internal energy team with basic resources can present the energy audit report to management.
Energy Audit / Energy Conservation Basics by Varun Pratap SinghVarun Pratap Singh
Download Link (Copy URL):
https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements
In this PPT Basics of ENERGY CONSERVATION and first unit of "ENERGY CONSERVATION" course work of Uttarakhand Technical University is discussed.
Energy Audit / Energy Conservation Basics by Varun Pratap SinghVarun Pratap Singh
Download Link (Copy URL):
https://sites.google.com/view/varunpratapsingh/teaching-engagements
In this PPT Basics of ENERGY CONSERVATION and first unit of "ENERGY CONSERVATION" course work of Uttarakhand Technical University is discussed.
An overview of Demand Side Management with a concept of demand and supply in Power Distribution with Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in adherence to Indian Installation Capacity
Micro-controller based Automatic Power Factor Correction System ReportTheory to Practical
This project report represents one of the most effective automatic power factor improvements by using static capacitors which will be controlled by a Microcontroller with very low cost although many existing systems are present which are expensive and difficult to manufacture. In this study, many small rating capacitors are connected in parallel and a reference power factor is set as standard value into the microcontroller IC. Suitable number of static capacitors is automatically connected according to the instruction of the microcontroller to improve the power factor close to unity. Some tricks such as using resistors instead of potential transformer and using one of the most low cost microcontroller IC (ATmega8) which also reduce programming complexity that make it one of the most economical system than any other controlling system.
Energy Conservation
Energy conservation effort made to reduce the consumption of energy by using less of an energy service.
This can be achieved either by using energy more efficiently or by reducing the amount of service used.
Energy conservation reduces the need for energy Services and can result in increased environmental quality national security, personal financial security and higher savings.
Energy can be conserved by reducing wastage and losses, improving efficiency through technological upgrades and improved operation and maintenance.
On a global level energy use can also be reduced by the stabilization of population growth.
In the case of fossil fuels, the conservation also can include finding new ways to tap into the Earth's supply so that the commonly used oil fields are not drained completely.
Defining monitoring & targeting, Elements of monitoring & targeting, Data and information-analysis, Techniques -energy consumption,Production, Cumulative sum of differences (CUSUM).
Energy Audit is a thorough exercise carried out for Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency of Industrial Plants for optimized use of Energy. This is not only important for saving significant production costs but also a environmentally friendly.
Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency are most interchangeably used. However Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency although related terms are quite different. Energy Conservation is about saving energy in the existing system or setup by plugging wastage. Whereas Energy Efficiency is about minor improvements in existing system or replacement of existing equipment within the system by more energy efficient equipment or retrofits which can deliver same output with lesser energy input.
Energy Audit is a highly recommended exercise for manufacturing units as it enables them to gain competitive advantage by cutting down on production costs. Consequently it is also a step in the direction of going green.
Demand Side Management” means the actions of a Distribution Licensee, beyond the customer's meter, with the objective of altering the end-use of electricity
Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources which are replenished
such as wind, wave, solar, biomass and tidal power. Governments and companies around the
world are investing heavily in developing technologies to harness the power of clean
renewable energy sources because of their potential to produce large quantities of energy
without generating greenhouse gases which can contribute to climate change. Most of the
power generation in India is carried out by conventional energy sources, coal and mineral oilbased
power plants which contribute heavily to greenhouse gases emission.
Renewable energy sources consist of solar, hydro, wind, geothermal, ocean and
biomass. The most common advantage of each is that they are renewable and cannot be
depleted. They are a clean energy, as they don't pollute the air, and they don't contribute to
global warming effects. Since their sources are natural the cost of operations is reduced and
they also require less maintenance on their plants.
In today's world there is a requirement of constant power, so the various companies should adopt this ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM in order to conserve the resource, climate protection and cost savings, while the users have the permanent access to the energy they use.
An overview of Demand Side Management with a concept of demand and supply in Power Distribution with Demand Response and Energy Efficiency in adherence to Indian Installation Capacity
Micro-controller based Automatic Power Factor Correction System ReportTheory to Practical
This project report represents one of the most effective automatic power factor improvements by using static capacitors which will be controlled by a Microcontroller with very low cost although many existing systems are present which are expensive and difficult to manufacture. In this study, many small rating capacitors are connected in parallel and a reference power factor is set as standard value into the microcontroller IC. Suitable number of static capacitors is automatically connected according to the instruction of the microcontroller to improve the power factor close to unity. Some tricks such as using resistors instead of potential transformer and using one of the most low cost microcontroller IC (ATmega8) which also reduce programming complexity that make it one of the most economical system than any other controlling system.
Energy Conservation
Energy conservation effort made to reduce the consumption of energy by using less of an energy service.
This can be achieved either by using energy more efficiently or by reducing the amount of service used.
Energy conservation reduces the need for energy Services and can result in increased environmental quality national security, personal financial security and higher savings.
Energy can be conserved by reducing wastage and losses, improving efficiency through technological upgrades and improved operation and maintenance.
On a global level energy use can also be reduced by the stabilization of population growth.
In the case of fossil fuels, the conservation also can include finding new ways to tap into the Earth's supply so that the commonly used oil fields are not drained completely.
Defining monitoring & targeting, Elements of monitoring & targeting, Data and information-analysis, Techniques -energy consumption,Production, Cumulative sum of differences (CUSUM).
Energy Audit is a thorough exercise carried out for Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency of Industrial Plants for optimized use of Energy. This is not only important for saving significant production costs but also a environmentally friendly.
Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency are most interchangeably used. However Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency although related terms are quite different. Energy Conservation is about saving energy in the existing system or setup by plugging wastage. Whereas Energy Efficiency is about minor improvements in existing system or replacement of existing equipment within the system by more energy efficient equipment or retrofits which can deliver same output with lesser energy input.
Energy Audit is a highly recommended exercise for manufacturing units as it enables them to gain competitive advantage by cutting down on production costs. Consequently it is also a step in the direction of going green.
Demand Side Management” means the actions of a Distribution Licensee, beyond the customer's meter, with the objective of altering the end-use of electricity
Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources which are replenished
such as wind, wave, solar, biomass and tidal power. Governments and companies around the
world are investing heavily in developing technologies to harness the power of clean
renewable energy sources because of their potential to produce large quantities of energy
without generating greenhouse gases which can contribute to climate change. Most of the
power generation in India is carried out by conventional energy sources, coal and mineral oilbased
power plants which contribute heavily to greenhouse gases emission.
Renewable energy sources consist of solar, hydro, wind, geothermal, ocean and
biomass. The most common advantage of each is that they are renewable and cannot be
depleted. They are a clean energy, as they don't pollute the air, and they don't contribute to
global warming effects. Since their sources are natural the cost of operations is reduced and
they also require less maintenance on their plants.
In today's world there is a requirement of constant power, so the various companies should adopt this ENERGY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM in order to conserve the resource, climate protection and cost savings, while the users have the permanent access to the energy they use.
Chris Allwein spoke to the OCTC Annual Conference on May 3, 2016, about the legal requirements behind energy efficiency and the benefits for both provider and customer.
Also included are presentations by Jon Williams on AEP Ohio Energy Efficiency and Energy Management Solutions, given by Gary Swanson.
An energy audit is an inspection survey and an analysis of energy flows for energy conservation in a building. It may include a process or system to reduce the amount of energy input into the system without negatively affecting the output. In commercial and industrial real estate, an energy audit is the first step in identifying opportunities to reduce energy expense and carbon footprint.
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This a compilation of the overall process in conducting energy audit based on my personal experiences, training that I attended in Malaysia, India and Japan and information sharing between fellow EE practitioners.Not to forget references from books and internet.
I believe this would benefit to those who wants to understand what is energy audit all about for beginners to become an energy auditor and to facilities owners to assess the need to conduct energy audit and energy audit proposals submitted by consultants
The judicious and effective use of energy to maximize profits (minimize
costs) and enhance competitive positions”
The strategy of adjusting and optimizing energy, using systems and procedures so as to reduce energy requirements per unit of output while holding constant or reducing total costs of producing the output from these systems”
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
2. Contents
• Executive Summary
• Audit Scope
• Audit Team
• Energy Management Status
• Baseline Data
• Observations and suggestions
• Saving Summary
3. Executive Summary
• Energy Audit Team conducts comprehensive energy audits as
part of its company’s Energy management policy and its
commitment towards continual improvement.
• As a standard energy audit practice, full walkthrough surveys
of the premises and detailed energy audit were performed .
Energy consumption profile for the last 24 months was
reviewed.
• Below is the summary of potential savings of
Potential financial
savings
Potential energy
savings
Potential CO2
reduction
4.8 million rupees per
year
40% optimization per
year
53 metric tons per year
4. Audit Scope
Energy audit activity will be conducted in below prescribed
departments/areas of Factory
• Fabric Cutting
• Stitching/Packing
• Warehouse
• Office Building
• Electrical room
5. Audit Team
Energy audit activity has been performed by Below
Name Department Role
Salman Sustainability Lead Auditor
Adnan Engineering Auditor
Wajahat Maintenance Auditor
Abbas Production Head Support team
Mukhtiar Administration Support Team
6. Audit Tools
Energy audit team has utilized below tools
• Condition Survey checklist
• Utility Bills
• Clamp Meter
• P.F Meter
• Equipment Manual
• Lux Meter
7. • Current Status of energy Management
Level Energy Policy Organizing Training
Performance
Measurement
Communication Investment
4
Energy Policy,
ActionPlanand
regular reviews
have active
commitment of
top management
Fully integratedinto
senior management
structurewithclear
accountability for
energy consumption
Appropriate and
comprehensive staff
training tailored to
identified needs,
with evaluation
Comprehensive
performance
measurement against
targets with effective
management
reporting
Extensive
communication of
energy issues
within and outside
oforganization
Resources routinely
committed to
energy efficiency in
support of
organizational
objectives
3
Formal policy but
no active
commitment from
top management
Clear line
management
accountability for
consumptionand
responsibility for
improvement
Energy training
targeted at major
users following
training needs
analysis
Weekly performance
measurement for
eachprocess,unit,or
building
Regular staff
briefings,
performance
reporting and
energy promotion
Same appraisal
criteria used for
energy efficiency as
for other cost
reduction projects
2 Un-adopted policy
Some delegation of
responsibility but
line management
and authority
unclear
Ad-hoc internal
trainingforselected
people asrequired
Monthly monitoring
by fuel type
Some use of
organizational
communication
mechanismsto
promote energy
efficiency
Low or medium cost
measures considered
if short payback
period
1
An unwritten set
of guidelines
Informal, mostly
focused on energy
supply
Technical staff
occasionally attend
specialist courses
Invoice checking only
Ad-hocinformal
contactsusedto
promote energy
efficiency
Onlylowornocost
measures taken
0
No explicit energy
policy
No delegation of
responsibility for
managing energy
No energy related
staff training
provided
No measurement of
energy costs or
consumptions
No
communication or
promotion of
energyissues
No investmentin
improving energy
efficiency
11. Observations and
suggestions (1)
• Potential saving with
lighting efficiency.
Current Total
power used by
CFL tube &
savers
Proposed
Total power
used by LED
tube Lights,
Flood Lights
& Bulbs
Investment Savings Payback
55.5 kW 20.84 kW 822,580 PKR 6,890 kWh per
month
9.18 months
12. Observations and
suggestions (2)
• Sky Lights in ware house
Current Total
power used for
lighting in
warehouse
Proposed SKY
Light
description
Investment Savings Payback
1,500
kWh/month
Qty. 21
Fiber Sheet
skylight
382,725/
PKR
504 kWh per
month
3.5 Years
13. Observations and
suggestions (3)
• Potential savings with
energy efficient cooling
Current Total
power used by
Ceiling fans &
Split AC
Proposed
Total power
used by EE
ceiling fan &
Inverter split
AC
Investment Savings Payback
59.4 kW 34.17 kW 2,166,000 PKR 4,874 kWh per
month
34.18 months
14. Observations and
suggestions (4)
• IT-related equipment
Current Total
energy used by
Desktop PCs
Proposed Total
energy used by
Laptop
Payback Remarks
1,164 kWh/month * 291 kWh / month*
+10 Years
• Project can be Good
for Marketing .
• Staff will get
motivated
• Easy to handle
Savings: 872 kWh / month
* Value is for 28 computer users of management staff
15. Observations and
suggestions (5)
• Occupancy sensors
Applications Qty of Sensor Energy Savings
with 5 min
Pay Back
• Offices
• Warehouse
• Corridor
14
6
3
50%
38%
29%
02 Years
16. Observations and
suggestions (6)
• Power factor
At the time of survey, power factor was observed to be 0.85 on
the PF panel and 0.98 on the KE meter.
Installation of suitably sized switched capacitors into the power
distribution circuit to improve P.F, minimizing wasted energy,
liberating more kW from the available supply, and saving
money.
17. Observations and
suggestions (7)
• Solar Energy on Office Building
Panels Capacity Investment Payback Remarks
33kW DC Solar
System
3,038,150 PKR 3.18 Years • Project can be Good
for Marketing .
18. Summary
Energy
Use
Audited
Load
(kW)
Optimized
Load (kW)
Proposed Load
(Kw)
Investment
(PKR)
Expected Savings Payback
(Years)
kW kWh/annum PKR/annum
Lighitng 55.3 54.2 20.2 822,580 34 82,670 1,074,722 0.8
Fans 61.3 29.4 16.7 1,176,000 12.7 34,292 445,798 2.5
AC 30 30 18 990,000 12 24,192 314,496 3
Total 146.6 113.6 54.9 2,988,580 58.7 141,155 1,835,016 1.5
Based on the energy usage, below are the details of the existing and optimized loads,
and expected savings.