The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Endodontic surgery / / rotary endodontic courses by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Endodontic surgery is a surgical procedure performed to remove or correct the causative agents of radicular and peri-radicular disease & to restore these tissues to functional health.
endodontic Surgery /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Endodontic surgery / / rotary endodontic courses by indian dental academyIndian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Endodontic surgery is a surgical procedure performed to remove or correct the causative agents of radicular and peri-radicular disease & to restore these tissues to functional health.
endodontic Surgery /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Surgical endodontics (Apicectomy) by Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi, Oral Surgeon, ...All Good Things
Hi. This is Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Oral & Maxillofacial surgeon from Pune, India. I am here on slideshare.com to share some of my own presentations presented at various levels in the field of OMFS. Hope this would somehow be helpful to you making your presentations. All the best.
Surgical endodontics (Apicectomy) by Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi, Oral Surgeon, ...All Good Things
Hi. This is Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Oral & Maxillofacial surgeon from Pune, India. I am here on slideshare.com to share some of my own presentations presented at various levels in the field of OMFS. Hope this would somehow be helpful to you making your presentations. All the best.
2 newhistory and evolution of implants1/ oral surgery courses /endodontic co...Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Clinical amnagement of edentulous maxillectomy pt/ implant dentistry courseIndian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Clinical management of edentulous maxillectomy / oral surgery courses Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Clinical management of edentulous maxillectomy patient / dental coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Clinical management of edentulous maxillectomy /prosthodontic coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting
training center with best faculty and flexible training programs
for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental
practice,Offers certified courses in Dental
implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic
Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Iatrogenic Perforation- A guide to fixing the hole in your patient's toothTaseef Hasan Farook
An overview of the possible types of perforation that may occur during endodontic treatment with their management. This slide presentation covers multiple management possibilities of said perforation proposed by various clinicians from around the world which can aid the readers in their treatment plan for the repair of a tooth perforation
Surgical endodontics(Apicectomy) by Dr. Amit Suryawanshi .Oral & Maxillofac...All Good Things
Description:
Hi. This is Dr. Amit T. Suryawanshi. Oral & Maxillofacial surgeon from Pune, India. I am here on slideshare.com to share some of my own presentations presented at various levels in the field of OMFS. Hope this would somehow be helpful to you making your presentations. All the best & your replies are welcomed!
Implant surgeries to overcome anatomic difficulties ii / dental implant cour...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Implant surgeries to overcome anatomic difficulties / implant dentistry cour...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training
center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental
professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified
courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry,
Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Implants in orthodontics /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dent...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy provides dental crown & Bridge,rotary endodontics,fixed orthodontics,
Dental implants courses.for details pls visit www.indiandentalacademy.com ,or call
00919248678078
The socket shield technique at molar sitesNaveed AnJum
The socket-shield technique for avoiding postextraction tissue alteration was first described in 2010. The technique was developed for hopeless teeth in anterior esthetic sites but has not yet been described for molar sites. Managing postextractive ridge changes in the posterior region by prevention or regeneration remains a challenge. The socket shield aims to offset these ridge changes wherever possible, preserving the patient’s residual tissues at immediate implants.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Determination of root canal working length /certified fixed orthodontic cours...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
Similar to Endodontic surgery /prosthodontic courses (20)
Opportunity for Dentists (BDS/MDS )to relocate to United kingdom -Register as a DENTAL HYGIENIST/ DENTAL THERAPIST without Board exams and after approval you can register in GDC as a DH/DT and start working as a DH/DT Immediately and get paid.
You can complete the whole process in 3-4 months.Salary range for DH/DT is around 2500-3500 Pounds per month.
Eligibility / requirements-
1. An International English Language Testing System (IELTS) certificate
at the appropriate level.(Within 2 yrs of application date )
2: A recent primary dental qualification that has been taught and examined in English..(Within 2 yrs of application date )
3: A recent pass in a language test for registration with a regulatory authority in a country where the first language is English.
If you are interested Please contact us for more details.
1ST, 2ND AND 3RD ORDER BENDS IN STANDARD EDGEWISE APPLIANCE SYSTEM /Fixed ort...Indian dental academy
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals
who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry,
Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
I –Aligners are made with FDA approved transparent thermoplastic materials using 3D scanning, 3D Printing and finally Trays with Pressure vacuum formers.
Dear Doctor,
Indian Dental Academy Now offers comprehensive online Orthodontics course.
Course includes:
1.whiteboard lecture presentations
2.Case Discussions
3.with hundreds of pictures.
4.Demo on Models
5.Demo on Patients
6. subtitles in your own language
12 months unlimited access and support @350 USD only.
For Demo please visit :www.idalectures.com/preview/
For more details visit: www.idalectures.com
Please contact us for any clarifications:
idalectures@gmail.com
indiandentalacademy@gmail.com
Thanks & Regards
Indian Dental Academy
--
Indian Dental Academy
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com
skype:indiandentalacademy
+919248678078
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Cytotoxicity of silicone materials used in maxillofacial prosthesis / dental ...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Diagnosis and treatment planning in completely endntulous arches/dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Properties of Denture base materials /rotary endodontic coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Use of modified tooth forms in complete denture occlusion / dental implant...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Delivering Micro-Credentials in Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingAG2 Design
Explore how micro-credentials are transforming Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) with this comprehensive slide deck. Discover what micro-credentials are, their importance in TVET, the advantages they offer, and the insights from industry experts. Additionally, learn about the top software applications available for creating and managing micro-credentials. This presentation also includes valuable resources and a discussion on the future of these specialised certifications.
For more detailed information on delivering micro-credentials in TVET, visit this https://tvettrainer.com/delivering-micro-credentials-in-tvet/
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
2. INTRODUCTION
Indicated in less than 5% of all the cases.
Root resection or root amputation , is the most common form
of periapical surgery.
Other procedures are periapical curettage, radisectomy,
replantation, transplantation, implantation, trephination,
incision & drainage.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
3. OBJECTIVE
To ensure the placement of proper seal between the
periodontium and the root canal foramina.
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4. CLASSIFICATION (GROSSMAN)
1. Root resection or apical curettage following an orthograde
filling.
2. Orthograde filling during root resection or periapical curettage.
3. Root resection and retrograde filling.
4. Root resection and retrograde filling following an orthograde
filling.
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5. INDICATIONS (Ingle)
1. Need for surgical drainage.
2. Failed non surgical endodontic treatment.
a) irretrievable root canal filling material.
b) irretrievable intraradicular post.
3. Calcific metamorphosis of the pulp space.
4. Procedural errors
a)Instrument fragmentation
b) Non- negotiable ledging.
c) Root perforation
d) Symptomatic overfilling.
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6. 5. Anatomic variations
a) Root dilaceration
b) Apical root
fenestration
6. Biopsy
7. Corrective surgery.
a) Root resorptive defects
b) Root caries
c) Root resection.
d) Hemisection
e) Bicuspidation
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7. 8. Replacement surgery.
Replacement surgery
a) Intentional replantation
(extraction/replantation ) b) post – traumatic.
Implant surgery.
a) Endodontic
b) osseointegrated
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9. Thorough medical history essential.
Review medical status with patient’s personal physician.
Anatomic considerations of importance to endodontic
surgery
involve
1. Nasal floor
2. Maxillary sinus
3. Mandibular canal and its neurovascular bundle
4. Mental foramen and its neurovascular bundle
5. Anatomic limitations to adequate visual and mechanical
access. www.indiandentalacademy.com
11. CLASSIFICATION OF ENDODONTIC SURGICAL
PROCEDURES
1. Surgical drainage
a) Incision and drainage
b) cortical trephination (fistulative
surgery)
2. Periradicular surgery
a) Curettage
b) Biopsy
c) Root end resection
d) Root end preparation and filling
3. Corrective surgery
a) Perforation repair
i) Mechanical
(Iatrogenic) ii)www.indiandentalacademy.com
12. b) Root resection
c) Hemisection
4. Replacement surgery (extraction / replantation)
5. Implant surgery
a) Endodontic implants
b) Root- form osseointegrated implants.
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13. INCISION AND DRAINAGE
For fluctuant soft tissue swellings.
Incision should be made through focal point of swelling to
relieve pressure, eliminate exudate and stimulate healing.
Placement of drain
To maintain the patency of the opening
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14. CORTICAL TREPHINATION
It is a procedure involving the perforation of the cortical plate
to accomplish the release of pressure from the accumulation of
exudate within the alveolar bone.
Apical trephination
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15. ANASTHESIA AND HEMOSTASIS
Objectives:
To obtain profound and prolonged anesthesia.
To obtain good hemostasis.
Lidocaine (xylocaine) , the anesthetic of choice.
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16. Selection of vasoconstrictor agent.
Will have an effect on both duration of anesthesia and the
quality of hemorrhage control.
Epinephrine is the most widely used anesthetic agent in dental
anesthetics.
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17. Injection sites and Technique.
Nerve block anesthesia involves injection in close proximity
of the nerve trunk. (L.A. containing 1:100000 or 1: 200000)
Infiltration anesthesia at the site of surgery.(1:50000)
Rate of injection directly affects the degree of hemostasis.
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18. Reactive hyperemia or the Rebound phenomenon
Occurs due to localized tissue hypoxia and acidosis caused
by prolonged vasoconstriction.
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19. FLAP DESIGNS
Principles and guidelines for Flap design
• Avoid horizontal and severely angled vertical incisions.
• Avoid incisions over radicular eminences.
• Incisions should be placed and flap repositioned on solid bone.
• Avoid incisions across major muscle attachments.
• Tissue retractor should rest on solid bone.
• Extent of the horizontal incision should be adequate to provide
visual and operative access with minimal soft tissue trauma.
• The junction of the horizontal sulcular and vertical incisions should
either include or exclude the involved interdental papilla.
• The flap should include the complete mucoperiosteum.
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21. CLASSIFICATION OF SURGICAL FLAPS.
1. Full mucoperiosteal flaps
a) Triangular (one vertical releasing incision)
b) Rectangular (two vertical releasing incision )
c) Trapezoidal (broad based rectangular)
d) Horizontal (no vertical releasing
incision)
2. Limited mucoperiosteal flaps
a) Submarginal curved (semilunar)
b) Submarginal scalloped rectangular (Luebke - Ochsenbe
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22. Triangular Flap
Advantages
Good wound healing
Ease of flap reapproximation.
Disadvantages
Limited surgical access.
Recommended for Maxillary incisors
and posterior teeth. Only
recommended flap design for
mandibular posterior teeth.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
23. Rectangular
flap
Advantages
Increased surgical access to the root apex.
Disadvantages
Difficulty in reapproximation of flap margin
and wound closure.
Recommended for mandibular anterior
Teeth, multiple teeth, teeth with long roots
like maxillary canines.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
25. Horizontal flap
Limited application in periradicular surgery because of
limited access it provides.
Major applications in endodontic surgery are limited to repair
of cervical defects (root perforations, resorption, caries, etc )
and hemisections and root amputations.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
26. Submarginal scalloped rectangular flap (Luebke- Ochsenbein)
Advantages
Esthetic considerations, since it
does not involve the marginal or
interdental gingiva and the crestal
bone is not exposed.
Disadvantages
More bleeding and greater potential
for flap shrinkage, delayed healing
and scar formation.
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30. Periradicular curettage
Bone curettes are used.
Concave surface facing the bone to free the margins
Then turned towards soft tissue to facilitate removal in one piece.
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31. Root end resection
Factors to be considered when determining the appropriate
extent of root end resection in periradicular surgery.
•Visual and operative access to the operative site.
•Anatomy of the root.
•No. of canals and their position.
•Need to place a root-end filling surrounded by solid dentin
•Presence and location of procedural errors.
•Presence and extent of periodontal defects.
•Level of remaining crestal bone.
www.indiandentalacademy.com
32. Root end preparation
The purpose of root end resection is to create a cavity
to
receive a root-end filling.
Isthmus or anastomosis when it occurs become a
significant factor in the design and placement of the
root-end preparation.
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33. Topical haemostatic agents
E.g.. Bone wax, Racellets, Ferric Sulfate, Calcium Sulfate,
Surgicel etc.
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34. Root end filling materials
An ideal root-end filling material should be:
•Able to prevent leakage of bacteria and their by products in
to
the periradicular tissues.
•Non-toxic.
•Non carcinogenic
•Biocompatible
•Insoluble in tissue fluids.
•Dimensionally stable.
•Unaffected by moisture during setting
•Easy to use
•Radiopaque.
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35. E.g. –Gutta-percha, Amalgam, Cavit, IRM, Super EBA,
Glass ionomers, Composite resins. Zinc Phosphate cements,
ZOE cements, MTA.
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36. Soft tissue repositioning and Suturing
The flap replaced to its original position with the incision
lines approximated as closely as possible.
Apply gentle but firm pressure with surgical gauze moistened
with sterile saline for 2 to 3 mins.
Suture materials
Synthetic fibers (nylon, polyester, polyglactin, and polyglycolic acid)
Silk, Gut, Collagen.
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41. Outline for answering Apicoectomy
Explain what it is
Indications & contraindications.
Flap designs (classification )
Preparation of the patient.
Soft tissue procedures
Hard tissue procedures.
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