This document provides an overview of embedded systems including: 1. Embedded systems combine both hardware and software to synchronize their functions. 2. A basic embedded system includes sensors to collect input data, a control unit like a microcontroller to process the data, an actuator to trigger a physical response, and software code to run the system. 3. Embedded systems have many applications like in mobile phones, robots, vehicles and more due to advantages like faster performance, reduced human labor, and easier use.

1. produceD BY-=-SWAraj naYAK

2. OVERVIEW:-
1. About embedded system
2. Block description of the system
3. Sensors
4. control unit
5. Software
6. Coding
7. Actuator
8. Examples
9. Advantage
10. Disadvantage
11. Application
12. Thank u.

3. About EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
 • System is the collecting of entities (people, machine
servers)that are work together and interact towards
some end.This is called system.
Embedded systems is nothing but the combination of
b both hardware and software.
 • It not only deals with the combination rather we can
say as synchronization of both hardware and software

4. BLOCK DESCRIPTION OF THE
SYSTEM
SENSORS
CONTROL
UNIT ACTUATOR

5. SENSOR
 It is a mechanical or electrical or electronic device which is
used to sense the change in a physical model and give the o/p
in electrical signal.
 Here some sensors -: IR, humidity , T-shop , PIR(passive
infra red) , ultrasonic , piezoelectric , smoke , accelometer.
 The system here, being just a prototype uses two IR
sensors with a range of 1-3m. One sensor is placed in front
of the vehicle and one at the rear end. Based on the signals
from these sensors the vehicle will move.

6. Control unit-:

7. MICROCONTROLLER MICROPROCESSORS
Microcontroller has a cpu in addition of fixed
amount of RAM,ROM and other peripherals
all embedded in a single chip.
Microcontrollers are designed to perform
specific task. Specific means applications
where the relationship of input and output is
defined.
Microprocessor is an ic which has only a cpu
inside it. It don’t have RAM,ROM and other
peripheral on the chip.
Microprocessor find application where tasks
are unspecific like developing software ,games,
web site, photo editing, creating documents
etc.

8. 1) Software's are avr studio (for at mega 16)
avr studio is has 6 versions.
Here we are writing the code.
2) Then WinAvr is used for compiling.
In this it the C code is converted to hex format.
3) Then sinaprog is used to burn the micro-controller.
 Keil-8051
Flash magic-to burn 8051
 MPLabIDE-PIC

9. (THIS CODE IN AT MEGA 16.)
#include<Avr/io.h>
#include<util/delay.h>
void main()
{
DDRA=255;
while(1)
{
PORTA=0b00000101;
_delay_ms(1000);
}
}

10. An actuator is a type of motor that is responsible for moving or
controlling a mechanism or system.
It is a device used to convert one form of energy to another.
It is operated by a source of energy, typically electric current,
hydraulic fluid pressure, or pneumatics pressure, and converts that
energy into motion. An actuator is the mechanism by which a
control system acts upon an environment. The control system can
be simple (a fixed mechanical or electronic system), software-based
(e.g. a printer driver, robot control system), a human, or any other
input.

11.  The actuator used in this system is a DC Motor.
 The motor is interfaced with the microcontroller using the motor driving IC L293D.
 This IC has an H-bridge built into it, which allows the motor to be run in both
clockwise and anti-clockwise by changing the polarity.
 This motor is responsible for the movement of the vehicle.
 The L293D is designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 600-mA at
voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V.
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12. EXAMPLES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

13. 1. It makes the work faster.
2. Man labor is reduced.
3. Easier to use.
4. Lead to a luxurious life.

14.  it is costlier.
 It becomes difficult to use for some sophisticated design.
Applications-:
Mobile phone
Digital camera
Robots
Automatic Chocolate Vending Machine
Stepper motor controllers for a robotics system
Washing or cooking system
Multitasking Toys
Microcontroller- based single or multi-display
digital panel meter for voltage, current, resistance
and frequency
Keyboard controller

15.  Hollow graphic projection will be the biggest achievement .
 Escalator .
 Auto parking ,Auto driving, sounds on vehicles .
 In medical, military, navy, aerospace they are using embedded
system.
 IN EVERY AUTOMATION,,
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS ARE
USED. SO THIS HAS A
LOT OF APPLICATIONS.

16. THANKS A LOT
ANY QURIES????
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