This document provides an overview of embedded systems, including their key components, advantages, disadvantages, and applications. It discusses examples of embedded systems and defines their characteristics. The main components described are the processor, storage units, sensors, control unit, and actuators. Advantages include low cost, small size, high reliability, and fast operations. Disadvantages include being difficult to maintain and not evolving with technology improvements. Applications mentioned are in communication systems, peripheral controllers, industrial uses, and scientific/digital storage.

2.  Introduction
 Examples of embedded systems
 Key components of embedded system
 Block description of embedded system
 Advantages of embedded system
 Disadvantages of embedded system
 Applications of embedded system

3. 1. Embedded basically reflects the facts that they are
an integral part of the system.
2. It is a computer system that is built to control one or a
few dedicated functions.
3. An embedded system is designed to run on its own
without human intervention, and may be required to
respond to events in real time.

5.  Processor
 Storage Unit

6. Processor:-
 It is the central processing unit known as the
heart of the embedded systems.
 It is the hardware that executes the software
and brings life to the embedded system.
 Controls the activities of all the other
circuits.

7. STORAGE UNITS:
 Used to store the software that the
processor will run.
 Also provides storage for data such as
program variables, intermediate results,
status information and any other data
generated throughout the operation.

9.  This part of the system contains the sensors which perceive the
signals reflected by the objects falling in the path of host vehicle.
This is an important part of the system as based on the signals
received the sensors the system is made to perform some scheduled
tasks.
 There are different types of sensors that can be used for the purpose
IR sensors, Radars and even digital cameras.
 The sensors are interfaced with the microcontroller using the sensor
IC LM324.

10.  The control unit consists of a microcontroller which
receives signals from sensors, and decides what
operation to be performed by the system.
 The microcontroller here is interfaced with a DC motor
whose motion is controlled on the basis of the signals
received from the sensors at the front and rear of the
system.

11.  The actuator used in the system is a DC Motor.
 The motor is interfaced with the microcontroller
using the motor driving IC L293D.
 This IC has an H-bridge built into it, which
allows the motor to be run in both clockwise and
anti-clockwise by changing the polarity.
 This motor is responsible for the movement of
the system.

12.  Low cost.
 Small size.
 High reliability.
 Fast operations.
 Easy to manufacture.
 Fewer interconnections

13.  Difficult to maintain.
 Doesn’t evolve with technology
improvement.
 Difficult to backup embedded files.

14.  Communication system
 Peripheral controllers of a computer
 Industrial use
 Scientific-digital storage system