This document is a lecture presentation on electromagnetic wave propagation by Mr. Himanshu Diwakar. It includes: - An outline discussing Maxwell's equations, the Helmholtz equation, propagation constant, properties of electromagnetic waves, and wave propagation in free space. - A note emphasizing the need to review electrostatics, magnetostatics, and vector identities to fully understand electromagnetic waves. - Explanations of the Pointing theorem, which states that the time rate of change of electromagnetic energy within a volume plus the net energy flowing out equals the work done on charges within the volume. - Definitions of the Poynting vector and its relationship to the electric and magnetic

1. Mr. HIMANSHU DIWKAR
Assistant Professor
GETGI
Electromagnetic wave
propagation
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2. Outline
• Maxwell’s Equation ReviewType equation here.
• Helmholtz Equation
• Propagation constant
• Properties ofElectromagnetic Waves
• Plane Wave
• Uniform Plane Wave
• Uniform Time-harmonic plane wave
• Wave characteristic
• In Lossy Media
• In Lossless Media
• Wave Propagation in Free Space
• Pointing Theorem and Pointing Vector
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3.  This lecture on Electromagnetic Waves and subsequent
lectures demands that you must have rigorous review of
Electrostatic, Magneto-statics and Vector identities.
 Therefore, sit in class after reviewing the
aforementioned material to really understand
Electromagneticwaves as fun!!
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Region 1
Sources J, 𝜌
Region 2
Source free region

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31. Pointing theorem
In electrodynamics, Poynting's theorem is a statement of conservation of energy for
the electromagnetic field, in the form of a partial differential equation, due to the British
physicist John Henry Poynting.
The theorem states– the time rate of change of electromagnetic energy within V plus the net
energy flowing out of V through S per unit time is equal to the negative of the total work
done on the charges within V.
A second statement can also explain "The decrease in the electromagnetic energy per unit
time in a certain volume is equal to the sum of work done by the field forces and the net
outward flux per unit time".
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32. • Consider first a single particle of charge q traveling with a velocity
vector v. Let E and B be electric and magnetic fields external to the
particle; i.e., E and B do not include the electric and magnetic fields
generated by the moving charged particle. The force on the particle is
given by the Lorentz formula
F = q(E + v×B)
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33. • The work done by the electric field on that particle is equal to qv·E.
The work done by the magnetic field on the particle is zero because
the force due to the magnetic field is perpendicular to the velocity
vector v.
• For a vector field of current density J the work done on the charges
within a volume V is
∫VJ·EdV
• It is convenient to define a vector P, known as the Poynting vector
for the electrical and magnetic fields, such that
P = (c/4π)(E×H)
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