The document outlines India's renewable energy targets and progress, particularly focusing on electric vehicles (EVs) and related infrastructure developments. It highlights the significant contribution of renewable energy to electricity generation and the ambitious goals set by the Indian government for EV adoption and infrastructure by 2030, including substantial subsidies and investment plans. Additionally, it discusses the challenges and advancements in charging infrastructure, market dynamics, and the potential environmental benefits of transitioning to electric mobility.

1. GENSOL ENGINEERING PVT. LTD
www.gensol.in
Electric Vehicles (EV) Indian Outlook : Jan 2018

2. India’s Renewable Energy Targets & Achievements
Gensol Group
4389.55
8295.78
13946.22
32633.89
0.00
5000.00
10000.00
15000.00
20000.00
25000.00
30000.00
35000.00
Small Hydro
Power
Bio-Power Solar Power Wind Power
Capacity in MW
Renewable Source
RE Installed Capacity (MW) as on July 2017
Out of 175 GW RE targets, 100 GW has been embattled to come from solar and 60 GW from wind. As on July 2017, overall
Renewable Energy targets reached approx. 59.27 GW out 175 GW ,which turns out to be 33% ,classified as 4.4 GW in Small
hydro, 8.3 GW in Bio-Power, 14.0 GW in Solar Energy & 32 .6 GW in Wind Power.
India’s contribution to global efforts on climate mitigation extends
ambition to 40% non-fossil-based generation capacity by 2030.

3. RE Integration : Switching from Fossil Fuels
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NREL analysis in the report “Greening the Grid, 2017” says RE capacity generates 370 terawatt hours (TWh) annually, a 22%
share of total electricity consumption in India, reaching a nationwide instantaneous peak of 54% of the total demand where RE
penetration leads to 1.4% annual RE curtailment.
Impact of RE integration strategies on production
costs and RE curtailment
Integration of RE with
Grid offers :
Benefits of fuel
savings
Reduced emissions,
Existing fast-ramping
infrastructure is
sufficient to maintain
grid balance

4. Findings for 100 GW Solar & 60 GW Wing Scenario : 2022
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Scenario Description Purpose
No New RE 5 MW Solar & 25 MW Wind -
2014
Establish a baseline to measure impact of adding new RE
to the system
100S-60W 100 MW Solar & 60 MW
Wind-2022
Evaluate changes to planning and operations to meet the
official target of 175 GW RE
• Coal & Natural gas generation decreases to 270 TWh (21%) and 15 TWh
(32%) resp.
• Co2 emissions drop by 21% (280 MMT)
• Plant load factors of coal drop from 63% to 50% with nearly 20 GW of
capacity that never starts, and 65 GW of capacity that experiences plant
load factors below 30%.
• Coal plants on average experience 2.8% more starts and operate three
times longer at minimum generation level.
Impact on Thermal Units & Plant Operation
• Annual interstate energy exchanges within the Western and Southern
regions decrease 9.6% and 5.9% to 120 and 45 TWh, respectively.
• Total annual net energy exchanges between regions decrease 16% to 180
TWh.
• The magnitude of flows and number of changes in direction of flows
between Southern and Western regions increase significantly during the
monsoon period, when wind generation is highest.
Impacts on Imports and Exports and Transmission Flows
Source : Greening The Grid, NREL 2017
The total energy moving around the country decreases because certain states and
regions are more self-sufficient in their generation supply with the addition of RE.

5. Taming the Duck Curve
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6. How Balance can be Strived ….Demand Vs Supply
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Industry 4.0
•1) Industry 4.0 is the industrial transformation with automation, data exchanges,
cloud,, robots, Big Data, IoT other techniques to realize smart industry and
manufacturing goals in the intersection of new techn. and innovation.
•2) with main focus on ecology, Energy efficiency and power management are simply
inherent to Industry 4.0 savings, changing regulations, combine, measure and
optimize in entirely new ways, using pervasive metering, sensors, IoT and data
analytics etc.
Distributed Energy Technology (DETs)
•1) Growing use of Evs Or (other DETs) will use huge amount of electric energy –
resulting in more generation operation with a increase of generation fuel use,
•2) They will require additional capacity to make, transmit and deliver additional
energy, especially during the electric grid’s peak demand times So, not only would
additional generation be needed – to produce the power – the transmission and
distribution (T&D) systems will also have to be upgraded and enhanced.
Source - http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/technology-applications/electricity-storage-and-plug-vehicles
https://www.i-scoop.eu/industry-4-0/#Energy_efficiency_power_management_and_Industry_40
It has been understood from NREL analysis that by 2022 most of the states & regions will be
sufficient to produce & consume RE and act as “PROSUMERS” with lesser energy exchanges.
Energy
Generation
Energy
Demand
Excess RE Generation -
Consumption
Industrial Revolution (IR
4.0) driven by Internet of
Things (IoT)
EV Vehicles & other
Distributed Energy
Technologies(DETs)

7. Types of Electric Vehicles (EVs)
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https://na.industrial.panasonic.com/blog/panasonic-relays-ev-charging-stations
Parameters Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle
(PHEV)
Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV)
Pros
• No emissions
• No gas or oil changes
• Ability to conveniently charge at home
• Fast and smooth acceleration
• Low cost of operation - about $30 a
month.
• Longer range than BEV
• Less gas consumption than gas only
vehicle
• Fewer emissions
• Very simple mechanics, less to go
wrong
• Longer range than BEV
• Less gas consumption than gas only
vehicle
• Fewer emissions than gas only vehicle
Cons • Shorter range than gasoline vehicles,
although most people drive well within the
range of today’s BEV and could rent a
hybrid for the rare long trips.
• Slightly more expensive than their gasoline
equivalent although the gasoline savings
pay off the difference in typically 2-3 years.
• Produces tailpipe emissions
• Needs gas and oil changes
• More expensive to operate than
Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) but
less than traditional hybrid vehicle
(HEV).
• Still produces emissions
• Complex mechanics – Gasoline +
Electric
• Expensive to operate (8-10 times
more expensive than BEV) but less
than traditional gasoline vehicle.
• No ability to conveniently charge at
home.
Charge Time 3 hrs- 7 hrs 2-4hrs N/A

8. Global EV Market : 2017
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The global EV market is rapidly gaining momentum towards the target set by Electric Vehicle initiative (EVI) of
global deployment of 20 million electric vehicles by 2020
Source Global EV Outlook, 2016
China is the biggest market for EV
across the globe. China has registered
around 3,52,000 new electric cars
registration in 2016 as compared to
1,59,000 cars registered in US.
California has a goal to put 1.5 million
zero-emission vehicles on the state’s
road by 2025.
China has a massive target of putting 5
million plug-in cars on road by 2020.
Despite the current low oil price, global EV sales figures have been growing rapidly: from 36,000 units sold in 2011 to more than 270,000 four
years later. However, the market share of EVs as a percentage of the global automotive market in 2015 was only 0.3 percent. An increase to just 3
percent would equate to 2.7 million EVs.

9. Indian EV Market Outlook : 2017
Gensol Group
Source : E-REP Market Research Series, Oct 2017
The National Electric Mobility Mission plan envisaged charging points between 175,000-227,000 by 2020 with fast charging points
accounting 10% of the total.
initiatives on building infrastructure for EVs such as constructing charging stations and reducing the cost of batteries by facilitating
technology transfer between the public and private sector. The Union Budget for FY 2017-18 has allocated INR 795 crore for developing
EVs.
It is significant to note that to a two-wheeler EV buyer , INR 22000 of subsidy is freezed, for buying a three-wheeler EV about INR 25000
subsidy is freezed and for the purchase of four-wheeler buyer about INR 1.87 Lakhs of subsidy is planned
The automotive industry in India is further expected to pull up the share of manufacturing in GDP to 25% by 2022 from 15% currently, with
production of Electric Vehicles being new talk of the town.
However, electric vehicle industry is a newly born baby when compared with the other international markets such as US, China & Europe
etc. which are way too matured.
China, being the leader holds nearly 50% share of the global electric vehicle market during 2016, with India accounting to be an invisible
industry participant having a share of 0.1%
However a face change is definitely anticipated for EV industry with major thrust given by the government
Indian government planning to spend nearly INR 1.8 lakh crores in electric vehicle infrastructure to meet the target till 2030
Government agencies are both procuring and developing charging infrastructure, as well as providing support and market visibility to
private players. In fact, the government recently announced that it plans to provide up to ₹1.05 billion (~$16.2 million) in grant funding to
Smart Cities for the purchase of electric vehicles

10. NITI Aayog Report - Approach to Mobility Transformation
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.
India could save up to Rs 3.9 lakh crore ($60 billion)
in 2030, if the country switches to greener mobility
solutions such as public transport, electric vehicles
and car-pooling, according to a report by government
think tank NITI Aayog.
Also, by pursuing a future powered by electric
mobility, carbon dioxide emissions would drop by
37% in 2030 i.e cutting down as much as 1 giga ton of
carbon emissions by 2030
India could save 64% energy in 2030 by shifting to
shared electric mobility. The subsequent drop in
petrol and diesel consumption would be 156 million
tonnes of oil equivalent (MTOE) or 1.8 tera watt-hour
energy ; enough to power 1,796.3 million homes in
the country.
MODELED ENERGY REQUIREMENT (IN MILLIONS OF TONNES OF OIL EQUIVALENT) FOR
PASSENGER MOBILITY IN INDIA BY FUEL TYPE (I.E., CNG, DIESEL, PETROL, OR ELECTRICITY) FOR
“BUSINESS-AS-USUAL” (BAU) AND “TRANSFORMATIVE” SCENARIOS, 2015–2030

11. NITI Aayog Report - Approach to Mobility Transformation
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.
India has a growing
portfolio of programmes
supporting a mobility
advancement

12. NITI Aayog Report - Pursuing economic market segment
transformation
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.

13. EV Charging Infrastructure in India
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Development of charging infrastructure would hinge on
- Regulations that classify energy storage as an asset that could also be traded.
- Standards for charging stations, connectors and hardware protocols. The
Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) has recently released an industry
charging standard for AC systems and is likely to release one for DC systems soon.
- Utility’s preparedness to witness a surge in demand.
- Incentive to charge vehicles through a time of use/ off-peak charging tariffs
Source : Plugin India, 2016
Charging stations in India
Major obstacle for example is an insufficient charging infrastructure. In
India, public EV infrastructure is currently hardly non-existent. In New
Delhi, the government is planning to set up 65 charging stations via
public-private partnerships, but this is a negligible number for a city
with an urban population of 11 million inhabitants.

14. EV Market India : Attractiveness & Projections
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One of strongest facilitators for EV Market Attractiveness is
the presence of government subsidies.
Political Factors
•Post purchase
Govt. subsidies,
•Govt. regulations in
favour of customers
and manufacturers,
•Establishment of
charging
infrastructure
Economic Factors
•Purchasing price
•Fuel price
•No of potential
buyers
Technological
Factors
•Range
•Charging time
Source : Electric Vehicle Market Attractiveness , 2016Source : IEA, 2016

15. Projected Electricity Consumption of EVs : 2017-2030
Gensol Group
Source : Niti Ayog Report, 2017
Source : IEA, 2016
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.40
0
20
40
64
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
2017 2022 2024 2030
Axis Title
Km Efficiency of battery
Assumption:
1.) Each car travels on an average of 25km/day.
2.) The above unit consumption basis is taken as per Mahindra e20.
3.) Source: http://www.pluginindia.com/ev---faq.html
4.) Assuming 4 hours for charging for 100km.
Year
Milegae of
car
(KM/KWH)
YoY Efficiency
Gain of
battery
No. of cars
on road
Energy
Consumption/
day/car
Electricity
consumption
(Gwh)/ day for
all cars
MW
connected
load for all
cars
2017 10.00 0 0.025 2.5 0 63
2020 12.00 20 6.25 2.1 13 13021
2025 14.00 40 31.5 1.8 56 56250
2030 16.40 64 75 1.5 114 114329

16. Taming the Duck Curve
Gensol Group
Government should Incentivise EV Charging during “Belly Hours”.
Moreover, chrgng infrastructures should be coupled with storage
units so that during the Neck hours
Sudden Demand from Conventional sources can be normalized. Thus
leadin to zero emission.

17. EVs + BESS
Gensol Group
Electricity storage + EVs
•EVs which are connected to the grid could be used in conjunction with
electricity storage in emergencies or extreme supply shortages, to supply
power to the grid. This application is known as vehicle-to-grid or V to G.
•Then EVs proliferate significantly, purchase of energy at night, during off-
peak times, to charge EVs may increase off-peak energy prices enough to
reduce the benefit for some grid-related storage uses, especially energy
time-shift and TOU energy cost management.
•The proliferation of PEVs and PHEVs could also lead to economies of scale
and lower prices for advanced batteries and battery systems, including
system management and grid integration (i.e., monitoring, control,
communications, interconnection, and computer algorithms).
•Alternative to the conventional GT&D response is to add distributed
electricity storage at or near EV charging stations. Doing so reduces the
amount of GT&D capacity needed on-peak to serve the EV charging-
portion of the total peak demand. And, the storage is charged using low
priced, off-peak energy when generation fuel use and air emissions are
lowest (on a per kilowatt-hour basis).
http://energystorage.org/energy-storage/technology-applications/electricity-storage-and-plug-vehicles

18. EV : Challenges & Road Ahead
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• Appropriate EV Charging infrastructure model for the urban areas, highways
and rural India.
• Type of charging infrastructure model should be deployed in different areas
needs to be finalized : Workplace (8-9 hrs Charging time), Residential (3-4
hrs Charging time) & Highways & Mall ( <2 hrs Charging time)
• Right tariff for the charging of electric vehicles should be – whether we
choose commercial rates/promotional rates for the promotion of EV’s in
India
• the appropriate battery technology for the electric vehicles whether it
should be lead acid or the lithium ion.
• incentives should be provided for the faster adoption of electric vehicles
Challenges Faced & Roadmap

19. Trending News & Tenders : 2017
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Nagpur. It became the first city in India to have an electric-vehicle charging station by an oil marketing company, Indian Oil Corporation
100 battery charging stations are proposed to be set up in Delhi-NCR to be set up by BHEL & REIL has planned to set up 200 charging stations in Delhi,
Jaipur and Chandigarh ET Energy World
Indian government planning to spend nearly INR 1.8 lakh crores in electric vehicle infrastructure to meet the target till 2030 Ministry of Power
The government will buy 10,000 electric sedans through state-run Energy Efficiency Services Ltd. in its first step toward making all cars electric by 2030.
Tata Motors Ltd. and Mahindra and Mahindra will supply 500 cars in the first phase.
ABB has submitted a bid to provide 4,500 charging points as part of the government’s tender to procure electric vehicles to push cleaner transport
Toyota, Suzuki to introduce electric vehicles in India in 2020
Bosch, a German firm, has also announced plans to start a manufacturing unit that would manufacture components and parts for EV vehicles in India by
2018
NTPC has emerged as a player in the sector with the construction of two EV charging stations at its offices in Noida and Delhi.
ACME Group launched India’s first Battery Swapping & Charging Station for Electric Vehicles in Nagpur.
Hero Future Energies is preparing to make an entry into the battery storage business and set up charging stations
https://www.bloombergquint.com/business/2017/10/05/abb-india-submits-bid-for-4500-electric-vehicle-charging-stations
economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/61687544.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=
cppst
https://mercomindia.com/electric-vehicles-opportunity-india/

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