A Brief slideshow presentation about Egyptian Hieroglyphics: Etymology, History and Development, and some example about Hieroglyphics; and ending the slideshow with article 1 of the human writes written in Hieroglyphics.
From January-March 2016, inaugural EES Cairo Fellow, Melanie Pitkin, is presenting a series of workshops focused on 'Research Skills for Egyptology' primarily at the Greek Campus in Downtown Cairo, but also across other parts of Egypt. This is a copy of Melanie's presentation. To find out more upcoming workshops, or for any questions you might have related to the content, please contact Melanie: melanie.pitkin@ees.ac.uk.
An illiterate world; Achievement through Writing; beginnings in rock paintings; is writing necessary and achievement of non-writing culture like the Incas and the Vedic Indians; felt need for writing – record keeping, religious purposes and royal proclamations; stages of development of writing – pictogram, ideogram and phonetics; phonetic systems – alphabetic and syllabic; how materials used for writing influenced scripts; places of origin of writing – Samaria, Egypt, China, India and Meso-America
A presentation by Prof. Subramanain Swaminathan
I prepared this PPT for UZTEA ( Uzbekistan Teachers of English Association) conference last year. I shared my experience how I motivate my pupils in the language through Egyptian symbols.
Introduction; Hieroglyphic, Hieratic and Demotic scripts; Picture-signs of Hieroglyphic writing; Hieroglyphic signs, ideograms, phonetic symbols, syllabic signs; picture puzzles to solutions and determinatives; sign grouping; Rosetta Stone, Jean-Francois Champollion and deciphering Hieroglyphs; Sample page from the Book of Dead; Numerals in Hieroglyphs
Anatomy of letterforms
Evolution of letterforms & type classifications
Type terminology typefaces, type styles & type families
Measurements of type
Line spacing
Letter spacing and word spacing
Working with large bodies of type
Alignment for large bodies of type
Choosing and using a typeface
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Hieroglyphics language represent the official language of Pharaonic civilization, the first civilization known to man on the banks of the Nile Valley, where the science, arts and religious beliefs of ancient Egyptian on the walls and papyrus leaves to be the main role in the transfer of Pharaonic civilization and the discovery of its secrets and events and science and arts.
The ancient egyptian hieroglyphics languageAlex Donvour
Hieroglyphics represent the official language of Pharaonic civilization, the first civilization known to man on the banks of the Nile Valley, where the science, arts and religious beliefs of ancient Egyptian on the walls and papyrus leaves to be the main role in the transfer of Pharaonic civilization and the discovery of its secrets and events and science and arts.
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and at the end a call to protect this wealth, this valuable insect because the disappearing of bees will affect the food chain and food security. The world depend on Bee.
Be kind to bee.
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Notes for an Archaeology of Muʿāwiya:
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Egyptain Calligraphy: Examples from the Egyptian Hieroglyphs.
A Semi cursive style of Hieroglyphic writings which incised on stone, wood or metal, approximates the same kind of simplification, reducing form to linear thinness.
gemstones a brief ppt slideshow about the precious stones, some details, then we move to deal with the diamond section, the wars, the blood diamond. etc...
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Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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3. Etymology:
The word hieroglyph comes from:
the Greek adjective ερογλυφικόςἱ (hieroglyphikos), a compound
of ερόςἱ (hierós 'sacred') and γλύφω (glýphō 'Ι carve, engrave'; see glyph),[3]in
turn a calque of Egyptian mdw·w-n rṯ (medu-netjer) 'god's words'. The glyphs
themselves were called τ ερογλυφικ γράμματαὰ ἱ ὰ (tà hieroglyphikà grámmata)
'the sacred engraved letters'. The word hieroglyph has become a noun in
English, standing for an individual hieroglyphic character. As used in the
previous sentence, the word hieroglyphic is an adjective, but is often erroneously
used as a noun in place of hieroglyph.
5. Hieroglyphs emerged from the preliterate artistic traditions of Egypt. For
example, symbols on Gerzean pottery from c. 4000 BCE resemble
hieroglyphic writing. In 1998, a German archaeological team under
Günter Dreyer excavating at Abydos (modern Umm el-Qa'ab) uncovered
tomb U-j of a Predynastic ruler, and recovered three hundred clay labels
inscribed with proto-hieroglyphs, dating to the Naqada IIIA period of the
33rd century BCE.[5] The first full sentence written in hieroglyphs so far
discovered was found on a seal impression found in the tomb of Seth-
Peribsen at Umm el-Qa'ab, which dates from the Second Dynasty. In the
era of the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom and the New Kingdom,
about 800 hieroglyphs existed. By the Greco-Roman period, they
numbered more than 5,000.[6]
6. Hieroglyphs consist of three kinds of glyphs: phonetic glyphs,
including single-consonant characters that function like an
alphabet; logographs, representing morphemes; and
determinatives, which narrow down the meaning of
logographic or phonetic words.
7. As writing developed and became more widespread among the
Egyptian people, simplified glyph forms developed, resulting in
the hieratic(priestly) and demotic (popular) scripts. These
variants were also more suited than hieroglyphs for use on
papyrus. Hieroglyphic writing was not, however, eclipsed, but
existed alongside the other forms, especially in monumental and
other formal writing. The Rosetta Stonecontains three parallel
scripts – hieroglyphic, demotic, and Greek.
8. Hieroglyphs continued to be used under Persian rule (intermittent in
the 6th and 5th centuries BCE), and after Alexander the Great's
conquest of Egypt, during the ensuing Ptolemaic and Roman periods.
It appears that the misleading quality of comments from Greek and
Roman writers about hieroglyphs came about, at least in part, as a
response to the changed political situation. Some believe that
hieroglyphs may have functioned as a way to distinguish 'true
Egyptians' from some of the foreign conquerors. Another reason may
be the refusal to tackle a foreign culture on its own terms which
characterized Greco-Roman approaches to Egyptian culture
generally. Having learned that hieroglyphs were sacred writing,
Greco-Roman authors imagined the complex but rational system as an
allegorical, even magical, system transmitting secret, mystical
knowledge.
9. By the 4th century, few Egyptians were capable of
reading hieroglyphs, and the myth of allegorical
hieroglyphs was ascendant. Monumental use of
hieroglyphs ceased after the closing of all non-Christian
temples in 391 CE by the Roman Emperor Theodosius
I; the last known inscription is from Philae, known
as The Graffito of Esmet-Akhom, from 394 CE.[13]
16. While the hieroglyphic remained the same, the hieratic became
increasingly cursive, and an increasing amount of ligatures
come into usage. Look at this comparison of hieroglyphic vs
hieratic (from roughly around 1200 BCE):
17. Hieratic glyphs and the hieroglyphs they evolved from
Hieratic determinatives and the hieroglyphs they evolved from
27. Translation
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They
are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one
another in a spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)