The Phoenicians originated in the land of Phoenicia along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. They became skilled sailors, shipbuilders, and merchants who established colonies throughout the Mediterranean world and introduced Asian goods and cultural influences from places like Egypt and Persia. A major Phoenician contribution was developing the first alphabet of 22 letters, which later alphabets were based on. The Jews originated as a Semitic people in Arabia and later settled in Palestine and Egypt before fleeing Egypt led by Moses. They established kingdoms in Israel but these were later conquered and the Jews were exiled, becoming refugees dispersed throughout Asia and Europe in what was known as the Jewish diaspora.

1. Prepared By:
Mia Amor M. Tapulayan

2. ● The name “
Phoenicia” comes
from the “Phoenix”-
- the name of a
famous purple dye
extracted from a
special variety of
shell

3. ● Southeast of Asia
Minor, along the Eastern
shore of the
Mediterranean Sea, was
the Land of Phoenicia .
● The land is dry and hilly,
the Phoenicians turned to
the sea, becoming:
- Sailors
- Shipbuilders
- Merchants
Phoenician seafarers spread ideas

4. ●The ports of Tyre and
Sidon were busy
centers of trade.
●Phoenicians was
famous for its tall
cedar trees used in
shipbuilding.

5. ●They visited North Africa, Greece, Crete and other
Mediterranean islands, Italy , Sardinia, Spain and
even pushed out as far as England.

6. King Hiram(969-936 B.C )
of Tyre
● most famous
Phoenician monarchs
● He was a good friend of
King Solomon of the
Jews.

7. 1. They established colonies in various parts
of the Mediterranean world.
2. They introduced not only the Asian goods
to the countries of the Mediterranean but
also the cultural influences of Mesopotamia,
Egypt, Palestine, Persia and India.
Phoenician Contributions to
Civilization

8. 3. Invention of the
Alphabet.
● Their alphabet
contained 24 letters, all
consonants.
● the first two words in
the alphabet aleph (ox)
and beth (house).

10. Jews
● were a pastoral Semitic people
who originally lived in Arabian
Desert and later migrated to
Mesopotamia
● At God’s command Abraham
led them out of the city of Ur
and settled in Palestine, then
called Canaan .

11. ● some Hebrews moved
to Egypt because of
famine.
● Pharaoh Rameses II
conquered Palestine .
● About 1290B.C the
Hebrews of Egypt fled to
the Sinai Peninsula.

12. ● their flight to freedom
was called “EXODUS”
led by Moses .
● On mount Sinai,
Moses received the Ten
Commandments from
God .

13. ● About 1020 B.C. they established a kingdom
under the first Israelite king Saul.
● David  king Saul’s successor
 was a poet defeated the Philistines
and made Jerusalem the royal capital.
● In Jerusalem Solomon built a palace and a
magnificent temple for Yahweh .

14. Temple of Jerusalem

15. ● After Solomon died, the Hebrew kingdom
broke into two .
-- The northern part was conquered by the
Assyrians .
-- The southern part was conquered by
Nebuchadnezzar.

16. ● In 70 A.D., the Jewish rebellion against the Roman
Empire was crushed by Emperor Titus.
 He slaughter more than 1million Jews and drove
the rest into exile.
● The Jews became refugees, and went to other
countries in Asia and Europe ( “diaspora” ).
● It was not until 1948, when the modern state
Israel was founded, that they had a homeland again.

17. 1. Monotheism
 the belief in one God.
2. Judaism and Christianity
 the Jews in Israel cradled two major religions.
3. The Bible
 it is the world’s greatest book.

18. 4. Great men and women.
5. Modern Banking and Finance.
 the Jews developed modern
banking and the lending of
money for business.

19. References :
● Zaide, Gregorio F. et.al.(2006)World History.
All Nations Publishing Co. Inc.,
● Perry, Marvin (1988) A History of the World.
Houghton Mifflin Company, Cachos Hermanos Inc.,
● Foe, Jonathan C. et.al.(2006)Making Sense of World History.
Bookmark, Inc.,
San Antonio Village, Makati City, Philippines