The document discusses hormones and the endocrine system. It explains that hormones are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands that affect cells in other parts of the body. The document provides examples of hormones like estrogen, testosterone, insulin, and others. It also discusses hormonal imbalances and disorders that can result like goiter, diabetes, or growth issues. The learning objectives are to explain the effects of hormones not being properly regulated and the role of hormones in the male and female reproductive systems.

1. LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Explain the role of hormones secreted by the
endocrine glands in our body and those
involved in the female and male reproductive
systems. (S10LT-IIIb-34)
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Explain the effects of a particular
hormone in the body if not properly
regulated.

2. Effects of
Hormones in
the Body

3. RECALL…

4. I can be found in specific places in the body.
When I am stimulated, I can secrete a lot of
materials.
Endocrine System

5. Based from the picture, what gland is this?
What hormones is produced by this gland?
Hypothalamus

6. What hormones is produced by this gland?

7. What hormones stimulates development of
female sexual characteristics?
Estrogen

8. •The answer is
Hormones!

9. •Hormones are chemical
messengers that are
secreted (released) from
glands into the blood and
affect cells in another part
of the body.

11. “WHAT WENT WRONG?”
Activity 4

12. Explain the effect of a particular hormone in
the body if not properly regulated
A. Identify which gland in the
endocrine system is involved in
each dysfunction and explain the
effect of hormonal imbalance that
was observed.
I. OBJECTIVES
II. PROCEDURE

13. II. PROCEDURE

14. B. Write a one-paragraph essay about how
one of these conditions will affect your life
if you have dysfunction due to the effect
of hormonal imbalance
II. PROCEDURE

15. Q1. What condition may arise if the pituitary gland is not
producing enough growth hormones?
Q2. What will happen to a person with excessive
secretion of growth hormones from the pituitary gland?
Q3. Why is there a noticeable swelling in the front part
of the neck of a person who has goiter?
Guide Questions:

16. Q4. What is the result if parathyroid is not
producing enough calcium?
Q5. What condition may arise if there is too much
body fat and is caused by hypothyroidism or
underactive thyroid gland?
Guide Questions:

17. GROUP
ACTIVITY

18. GROUP
ACTIVITY

19. GROUP
ACTIVITY

20. GROUP PRESENTATION

21. Q1. What condition may arise if the pituitary gland is not
producing enough growth hormones?
Q2. What will happen to a person with excessive
secretion of growth hormones from the pituitary gland?
Q3. Why is there a noticeable swelling in the front part
of the neck of a person who has goiter?
Answers to Guide Questions:
Dwarfism may arise if the pituitary gland is not producing
enough growth hormones.
A person with excessive secretion of growth hormones by the
pituitary gland will have a condition called gigantism.
The thyroid gland of the person is inflamed as there is an
underlying abnormality in thyroid secretion.

22. Q4. What is the result if parathyroid is not producing
enough calcium?
Q5. What condition may arise if there is too much body
fat and is caused by hypothyroidism or underactive
thyroid gland?
Answers to Guide Questions:
The gland cannot make enough thyroid hormone if it does not
have enough iodine in the blood, so taking iodized salt is
helpful.
A person with excessive secretion of growth hormones by the
pituitary gland will have a condition called gigantism.

23. Q1. How does using iodized salt help in preventing
thyroid problems?
Q2. How does the medical condition of a person
with endocrine dysfunction affect his or her way
of life?
Elaborate
The gland cannot make enough thyroid hormone if it does not
have enough iodine in the blood, so taking iodized salt is
helpful.

24. Elaborate
•Growth and development.
•Male and female development.
•How your body uses energy.
•Levels of salts and sugars in your blood.
•The amount (volume) of fluid in your
body.
•Appetite.
•Many other body functions.
It will affect his or her way of life in many ways …

25. Describe hormone and how it
affects body processes.
How does hormonal
imbalance happen?
Cite some disorders caused by
hormonal imbalance.

26. Hormones affect various processes in the body as they
regulate and balance the functioning of organs, tissues, and
cells. Hormones have great impact on your growth,
appearance, emotions, and reproductive functions. These
determine whether or not you develop disorders such as
diabetes, thyroid disease, growth disorders, or sexual
dysfunction. Hormones act in very small amounts. An
increase or decrease in hormonal levels may result in body
disorder due to hormonal imbalance

27. Progesterone
Thyroxine
Estrogen Testosterone
Cortisol
Adrenaline
Insulin
Done

28. • Where it comes from: Adrenal Gland
• Where it acts: heart, blood vessels, eyes
• What it does: stimulates heart rate,
increases blood pressure, dilates pupils
• Causes "Adrenaline Rush”
• A 'fight and flight' hormone.
• It is released in high stress conditions
or in excitement or fear.
• Loud noise, high temperature etc. may
also trigger its release since these are
also high stress situations.
Return to hormones slide

29. • Where it comes from: ovary
(where an egg was released)
• Where it acts: uterus
• What it does: controls
menstruation in women and plays
a role in pregnancy.
• One of the components of birth
control pills
Return to hormones slide

30. • Where it comes from: thyroid gland
• Where it acts: most cells of the body
• What it does: controls the rate of
metabolic processes (how energy is
used) in the body and influences
physical development
• People may not produce enough of
this hormone and get a condition
known as hypothyroidism. They can
take thyroxine to treat this
condition. Return to hormones slide

31. • Where it comes from: testicles
• Where it acts: body-hair cells, muscle,
reproductive structures
• What it does: stimulates development
of male sexual characteristics
• Testosterone is a steroid and has been
administered to athletes in order to
improve performance. This is
considered to be a form of doping in
most sports and is a very dangerous
practice.
• Females also produce small amounts of
testosterone in their ovaries that affect
muscle development and other body
functions.
Return to hormones slide

32. • Where it comes from: ovary
• Where it acts: breast tissue,
reproductive structures in female
• What it does: stimulates
development of female sexual
characteristics
• Estrogen levels may be related
somehow to migraine headaches
in women.
Return to hormones slide

33. • Where it comes from: outer
part of adrenal gland
• Where it acts: multiple tissues
• What it does: mental
stimulation, breaks down fat
and protein to glucose, anti-
inflammation
• It is usually referred to as the
"stress hormone" as it is
involved in response to stress
and anxiety.
Return to hormones slide

34. • Where it comes from: Insulin is
produced in the pancreas
• Where it acts: liver, muscle, and
fat tissue
• What it does: Insulin causes cells
to take up glucose (sugar) from
the blood, storing it in the liver
and muscle, and stopping use of
fat as an energy source.
• Problems with insulin
production or use in the body
can lead to diabetes.
Return to hormones slide

35. • The Endocrine Glands
are the organs of the
Endocrine System.
• They produce and
secrete (release)
Hormones.
• They are located all over
your body.

36. Evaluation

37. Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. Henry’s mother noticed that his son has little growth in
height every year. This condition is due to _______ .
A. Little secretion of growth hormones by the pituitary
glands.
B. Excessive secretion of growth hormones by the
pituitary glands.
C. Abnormal enlargement of bones by pituitary glands.
D. Incomplete bone development due to mutations.

38. Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. Henry’s mother noticed that his son has little growth in height
every year. This condition is due to _______ .
A. Little secretion of growth hormones by the pituitary glands.
B. Excessive secretion of growth hormones by the pituitary
glands.
C. Abnormal enlargement of bones by pituitary glands.
D. Incomplete bone development due to mutations.

39. 2. Which correctly describes GIGANTISM condition?
A. A person has greater height compared to the
average normal height.
B. A person is a little bit taller on his age.
C. A person is excessive in weight on his age.
D. A person has normal height as compared to his
age.

40. 2. Which correctly describes GIGANTISM condition?
A. A person has greater height compared to the
average normal height.
B. A person is a little bit taller on his age.
C. A person is excessive in weight on his age.
D. A person has normal height as compared to his
age.

41. 3. All of the following is true about goiter EXCEPT
_______ .
A. There is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.
B. It can be a result of too much secretion of hormones in the
thyroid glands.
C. It can be a result of too little secretion of hormones in the
thyroid glands.
D. It can be a result of excessive or incomplete secretion of
hormones in the thymus gland.

42. 3. All of the following is true about goiter EXCEPT
_______ .
A. There is an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland.
B. It can be a result of too much secretion of hormones in the
thyroid glands.
C. It can be a result of too little secretion of hormones in the
thyroid glands.
D. It can be a result of excessive or incomplete secretion of
hormones in the thymus gland.

43. 4. Which would you recommend if a person has
goiter?
A. Use preservatives in storing foods.
B. Use iodized salt when cooking foods.
C. Have enough supply of sugar from the diet.
D. Have enough exercise.

44. 4. Which would you recommend if a person has
goiter?
A. Use preservatives in storing foods.
B. Use iodized salt when cooking foods.
C. Have enough supply of sugar from the diet.
D. Have enough exercise.

45. 5. When growing old, why is it advisable to have
milk supplement on our body?
A. Milk is a source of protein needed by our body.
B. Milk can supply enough sugar needed by the
blood.
C. Milk can provide us with calcium needed for
strong bones as it becomes weak due to aging.
D. Milk can help us grow taller.

46. 5. When growing old, why is it advisable to have
milk supplement on our body?
A. Milk is a source of protein needed by our body.
B. Milk can supply enough sugar needed by the
blood.
C. Milk can provide us with calcium needed for
strong bones as it becomes weak due to aging.
D. Milk can help us grow taller.

47. THANK YOU for LISTENING!