The male reproductive system consists of the testes, which produce sperm and testosterone. Sperm mature in the epididymis and are stored in the vas deferens. During ejaculation, seminal vesicles and glands add secretions to form semen, which is ejected through the urethra. The female reproductive system contains ovaries that produce eggs and release them monthly. The fallopian tubes pick up eggs and provide a pathway to the uterus. The uterus houses and nourishes an embryo. The cervix connects to the vagina for sexual intercourse or birth.

1. REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS Ms. Encepto

2. LEARNING
COMPETENCIES:
Explain the role of hormones
involved in the female and
male reproductive systems.
(S10LTIIIb-34)
Describe the parts of the
reproductive system and their
functions.

3. LEARNING
OBJECTIVES:
Identify the parts of the
human male and female
reproductive systems.
Describe the function of
each part.

4. Let’s
Recall…

5. IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT
DISORDERS CAUSED BY
DYSFUNCTION OF
ENDOCRINE GLANDS.
PICTURE
ANALYSIS

6. GOITER

7. CRETINISM-THYROIDHORMONE
INSUFFICIENCYININFANCY

8. GIGANTISM

9. DIABETES

10. MALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

13. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Genital Tract
�Sperm are produced by
seminiferous tubules of testes
�Undergo maturation in the
epididymis
�Maturation involves gaining of motility
�Sperm pass through vasa
deferentia where products are
secreted by glands that contribute
to semen
�Seminal vesicles
�Prostate
�Bulbourethral glands
�Semen is alkaline and contains
fructose and prostaglandins

14. THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

15. MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
 Sexual excitement increases blood
flow to the penis causing an erection
 Sperm enters the vasa deferentia,
glands contribute secretions to the
semen
 Semen is ejaculated
 Ejaculation is followed by a
refractory period
 Over 400 million sperm cells may be
ejaculated

16. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Male Gonads, the Testes
 Produce sperm and hormones
 Located outside of the body cavity
 Internal body temperature is too high for sperm production
 Scrotum helps regulate temperature of the testes

17. A TESTIS
Spermatogenesis
occurs in the
seminiferous tubules
Sertoli cells support,
nourish, and regulate
spermatogenic cells.
Interstitial cells
produce testosterone

18. A SPERM CELL
Three Main Parts
 Head
 The acrosome
contains enzymes
needed to penetrate
an egg
 Middle Piece
 Many mitochondria
 Tail
 Flagellum

19. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Hormonal Regulation in Males
 Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
(GnRH) from the hypothalamus causes
the anterior pituitary to release Follicle-
Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
 FSH targets seminiferous tubules- stimulates
sperm production
 LH stimulates interstitial cells of the testes to
produce testosterone
 All are regulated by negative feedback
 Testosterone is responsible for male
secondary sex characteristics

20. HORMONAL CONTROL OF
TESTES

21. Vas deferens
Penis
Seminal
vesicle
Prostate
Testicle
Epididymis

22. FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

24. 21.2 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

27. Fallopian
Tube Uterus
Cervix
Vagin
a
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Ovary

28. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
Sexually Transmitted
Diseases

29. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
(STD’S)
AIDS
�Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
�Caused by HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
�Transmission
�Sexual Contact
�Vaginal or anal intercourse
�Oral / genital contact
�Intravenous drug use
�Birthing process
�Breast feeding
�Primary host cells are helper T-cells

30. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
(STD’S)
Stages of an HIV Infection
�Opportunistic infections that kill most AIDS patients:
�Bacterial pneumonia
�Kaposi’s sarcoma
�Yeast infections
�Pneumonia
�Toxoplasmosis of the brain

31. REPRODUC
TION OF
THE
RETROVIRU
S HIV

32. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
In Males
�Erectile Dysfunction (impotence)
�Inability to produce or maintain an erection
�Causes may include diseases, medications,
alcohol consumption, and psychological factors.
�Drugs that increase blood flow to the penis are a
common treatment.

33. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
(MALES)
Disorders of the Prostate
�Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
�Enlargement of the Prostate
�May constrict the urethra resulting in
bladder or kidney damage
�Treated with medications and/or surgery
�Cancer of the Prostate
�Most common diagnosed cancer in
American males
�Treatable if detected early

34. BENIGN PROSTATIC
HYPERPLASIA

35. DISORDERS OF THE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
(MALES)
Testicular Cancer
�Most common cancer in males aged 15 - 35
�Highly treatable if detected early
�Treatments may include surgery, chemotherapy
and radiation
�Self examinations are highly recommended

37. QUESTION:
What are the parts of
the male reproductive
system? Female
reproductive system?

38. QUESTION:
In which part does the
sperm cell produced? Egg
cell?
TESTES-produce sperm cells
OVARY-produce egg cells

39. What will you do to take
good care of your
reproductive system?

40. Name and describe the
parts and functions of the
male and female
reproductive system.