A comprehensive combustion analysis has been conducted to evaluate the performance of a commercial DI engine, water cooled two cylinders, in-line, naturally aspirated, RD270 Ruggerini diesel engine using waste vegetable cooking oil as an alternative fuel. In order to compare the brake power and the torques values of the engine, it has been tested under same operating conditions with diesel fuel and waste cooking biodiesel fuel blends. The results were found to be very comparable. The properties of biodiesel produced from waste vegetable oil was measured based on ASTM standards. The total sulfur content of the produced biodiesel fuel was 18 ppm which is 28 times lesser than the existing diesel fuel sulfur content used in the diesel vehicles operating in Tehran city (500 ppm). The maximum power and torque produced using diesel fuel was 18.2 kW and 64.2 Nm at 3200 and 2400 rpm respectively. By adding 20% of waste vegetable oil methyl ester, it was noticed that the maximum power and torque increased by 2.7 and 2.9% respectively. The growing concern about energy resources and the environment has increased interest in the study of alternative energy sources. To meet the requirements of energy expenditure there has been a growing curiosity in alternative fuels such as biodiesel to provide a room for diesel oil appropriate for internal combustion engines. The need for fossil fuels and the emissions generated by these fuels increase daily. Researchers are on the verge of global warming and climate change, and energy sustainability and the use of materials are important issues today. Biodiesel is another fuel to be put in place of diesel fuel by processing used cooking oil. However, the products formed during the frying process have influenced the transesterification reaction and the biodiesel properties. These experiments on the analysis of C.I. engine that uses diesel and residual cooking oil mixture. They can be recycled and used multiple times, thus offering a cheaper way to produce biodiesel. The advantages and disadvantages of these heterogeneous catalysts are presented. Future work focuses on the application of economically and environmentally sounds solid catalysts in biodiesel production using WCO as raw material.

1. Presented By: Nikhil Gajbhiye
Aditya Khote
Ashuthosh Das
Willking Gajbhiye
Devid Bhaladhare
Gopal Deshkari
Guided By: Prof. Jitendra S. Pachbhai

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Literature Review & Market Survey
 Problem Identification / Idea Generation
 Objective / Purpose of Project
 Methodology
 Progress
 Making of biodiesel
 Properties of biodiesel
 References

3. Biodiesel refers to all kinds of alternative fuels derived
from vegetable oils or animal fats.
The prefix bio refers to renewable and biological
nature, in contrast to the traditional diesel derived from
petroleum; while the diesel fuel refers to its use on diesel
engines.
 Due to limited amounts of fossil fuels and increasing
concerns of global warming, there is ever- growing urge
to develop fuel substitutes that are renew- able and
sustainable.
Injection pressure system is use to deliver fuel into the
engine cylinder while precisely controlling the injection
timing fuel atomization and other parameter.

4. LITERATURE REVIEW &
MARKET SURVEY
K. Muralidharan , D. Vasudevan
The variation of brake thermal efficiency (BTE) for
various compression ratio sand for various blends is
given. it's been determined that the brake thermal potency of
the mix B40 is slightly more than that of the quality diesel at
higher compression ratios.
T. SENTHILKUMAR
It had been found that the precise fuel consumption decreases
from 0.649 to 0.336 kg/kW-hr .
K.Sudhakar, M.Rajesh, M.Premalatha
The kinematic consistency of genus Jatropha biodiesel is sort
of comparable the diesel and thence acceptable as per ASTM
standards for biodiesel. This property is vital because
it influences the combustion potency of the fuel.

5. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION /
IDEA GENERATION
 Biodiesel is simple to use , biodegradable, nontoxic,
and essentially free of sulphur.
 It can be used in most diesel engines, especially
newer ones, and emits less air pollutants and
greenhouse gases other than nitrogen oxides.
 It’s safer to handle and has virtually the same energy
efficiency as petroleum diesel. In addition it has
lubricity benefits that fossil fuels do not.

6. OBJECTIVE / PURPOSE OF
PROJECT
 In future fossil fuels are degrading day by day so we
have to save it.
 So we use waste cooking oil in engine to reduce the
consumption of petrol & diesel.
 It is not harmfull for the environment because it produce
less carbon dioxide and other gases.

7. METHODOLOGY
LITERATURE
SURVEY
MAKING OF
BIODIESEL
PROPERTIES
OF BIODIESEL
BLEND WITH
DIESEL
SETUP OF CI
ENGINE
PROPERTIES
TO FIND FROM
CI ENGINE
CALCULATE
READING OF
DIESEL
CALCULATE
READING OF
BLENDED
DIESEL
CONCLUSION

8. MATERIALS REQUIRED TO
MAKE BIODIESEL
 Waste cooking oil – 1 litre
 Methanol- 200 ml
 Sodium hydroxide-3.5 grams
 Thermometer
 Heater and beaker

9. MAKING OF BIODIESEL FROM
WASTE COOKING OIL
 First of all we make the mixture of 200ml of
methanol and 3.5 gram of sodium hydroxide and
mix it for 2 min.
 Pour that mixture in 1 litre of waste cooking oil
and heated it for 2hr with continuous stirring at
60 deg Celsius.
 After cooling of biodiesel glycerol get deposited
at the bottom beaker.
 In this way we made biodiesel from wco.

10. PROPERTIES OF BIO DIESEL

11. Biodiesel

12. ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
Engine
Specification
Manufacturer Kirloskar Oil Engines
Ltd, India.
Model TV1
Type Vertical, single cylinder,
water cooled, four stroke
cycle, compression
Ignition diesel engine
Bore/stroke 87.5mm/110mm
Compression ratio 17.4:1
Speed 1500 rpm
Dynamometer Rope brake, water
cooled
With loading unit

13. EXPERIMENTATION SETUP

14. OBSERVATION TABLE
AT INJECTION PRESSURE 150 BAR
Sr. no. Blends Load
(w) KG
Spring
balance(s)
KG
RPM(N) Ti (0C) To(0C)
1. 100%D 25 12 1500 30 35
2. 90%D 27 13 1480 32 37
3. 80%D 29 15 1470 33 36
4. 70%D 30 16 1450 35 38

15. AT INJECTION PRESSURE 150 BAR:
Sr. no. Blends Load
(w) KG
Mf(kg/
hr)
BP(kw) IP(kw) ηMECH BSFC(k
g/kwhr
ηBRTHR% Cv(kj/k
g)
1. 100%D 25 3.7 15 24 64 1.36 34.7 42000
2. 90%D 27 3.53 17.5 23.2 75 1.16 47.9 37270
3. 80%D 29 3.34 15.8 23.5 67 0.75 40.4 42200
4. 70%D 30 3.26 17.8 23.2 76 0.65 47.3 41700

16. AT INJECTION PRESSURE 180 BAR:
Sr. no Blends Load
(w) KG
Spring
balance(s)
KG
RPM(N) Ti (0C) To(0C)
5. 100%D 28 13 1520 33 35
6. 90%D 29 14 1490 37 39
7. 80%D 30 16 1460 40 41
8. 70%D 33 17 1450 43 45

17. AT INJECTION PRESSURE 180 BAR
Sr. no. Blends Load
(w) KG
Mf(kg/h
r)
BP(kw) IP(kw) ηMECH
%
BSFC(k
g/kwhr
ηBRTHR% Cv(kj/k
g)
5. 100%D 28 3.71 17.5 24.3 72 0.76 40.6 42000
6. 90%D 29 3.53 16.7 23.9 67 0.79 45.8 37270
7. 80%D 30 3.34 15.7 23.4 67.2 0.76 40 42200
8. 70%D 33 3.26 17.8 23.2 76 0.65 47.3 41700

18. At injection pressure 150 bar
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
BP
BSFC
100D
90D10B
80D20B
70D30B

19. At injection pressure 180 bar
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
BP
BSFC
100D
90D10B
80D20B
70D30B

20. CONCLUSION
 At 150 bar, D90 B10 has brake thermal
efficiency is slightly greater than Diesel. And
also mechanical efficiency is close to diesel.
 At 180 bar, D70 B30 has brake thermal
efficiency , mechanical efficiency and also
BSFC is slightly greater than Diesel.

21. REFERENCES
 Combustion Analysis of a CI Engine
Performance exploitation Waste cookery Biodiesel Fuel with a
synthetic Neural Network Aid by Gholamhassan NAJAFI, Barat
GHOBADIAN, Talal F YUSAF and Hadi RAHIMI Tarbiat
Modares University, P. O. Box: 14115-111, Tehran-Islamic
Republic of Iran 2007.
 Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a
variable compression magnitude
relation engine exploitation alkyl esters of waste oil and diesel
blends by K. Muralidharan , D. Vasudevan Department
of applied science, PSNA faculty of Engineering & Technology,
Dindigul 624 622, India13oct 2010.
 Evaluation of varied Biodiesel on one Cylinder C.I Engine by
R. SenthilKumar1, R.Ramadurai2 analysis Scholar, engineering
science, Annamalai University2010

22. Thank you