Edible vaccines
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Edible vaccines involve introducing selected genes into plants to produce antigens. When consumed, the antigens are delivered through the digestive tract to immune cells to produce an immune response. Clinical trials show edible potatoes expressing antigens from ETEC, Norwalk virus, and hepatitis B produced protective antibody levels in participants. Edible vaccines could provide a low-cost, heat-stable, easy to administer option for vaccination programs in developing countries. However, public resistance to genetically modified foods and risks of transgenic contamination limit the future of edible vaccines.
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Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines use transgenic plants to produce antigens from pathogens in a form that stimulates both mucosal and systemic immunity when eaten. They are a low-cost oral alternative to traditional vaccines that don't require refrigeration or trained medical professionals for administration. Several plant species have been engineered to produce vaccine antigens for diseases like ETEC, norovirus, cholera, hepatitis B, and measles, with some human trials showing promise. However, more research is still needed to address challenges like immunotolerance and ensuring consistent antigen levels across plants.
Plant Based Edible Vaccines
1. Plant-based edible vaccines produced in crops like bananas, potatoes, and tomatoes show promise as a cheap and effective way to deliver vaccines orally. Clinical trials have shown plant-based vaccines for diseases like cholera and E. coli infection can generate protective immune responses.
2. However, challenges remain regarding safety, dosage control, and public perception of genetically modified crops. Further research is still needed to optimize plant varieties and production methods before wide-scale use of edible vaccines.
3. While holding potential for improving global public health, particularly in developing areas, plant-based edible vaccines face regulatory hurdles and opposition related to their use of genetic engineering technologies.
EDIBLE VACCINES
This document discusses edible vaccines, which are vaccines that can be administered orally by eating plants that have been genetically engineered to produce antigens. Edible vaccines are developed using methods like Agrobacterium transformation or gene gun methods to insert DNA encoding antigens into plants. Candidates for edible vaccines include crops like bananas, potatoes, and tomatoes that are engineered to produce antigens for diseases like hepatitis, malaria, measles, and diabetes. Edible vaccines offer advantages like reduced costs and ability to deliver multiple antigens orally, but also have limitations regarding stability and consistency of dosage.
Edible vaccine
Vaccines have been revolutionary for the prevention of infectious diseases. Despite worldwide immunization of children against the six devastating diseases, 20% of infants are still left un-immunized; responsible for approximately two million unnecessary deaths every year, especially in the remote and impoverished parts of the globe. This is because of the constraints on vaccine production, distribution and delivery. One hundred percent coverage is desirable, because un-immunized populations in remote areas can spread infections and epidemics in the immunized safe areas, which have comparatively low herd immunity. For some infectious diseases, immunizations either do not exist or they are unreliable or very expensive. Immunization through DNA vaccines is an alternative but is an expensive approach, with disappointing immune response. Hence the search is on for cost-effective, easy-to-administer, easy-to-store, fail-safe and socio-culturally readily acceptable vaccines and their delivery systems. As Hippocrates said, Let thy food be thy medicine, scientists suggest that plants and plant viruses can be genetically engineered to produce vaccines against diseases such as dental caries; and life-threatening infections like diarrhea, AIDS, etc (Lal et al., 2007)
edible vaccine
Rekha presented on edible vaccines. Edible vaccines involve introducing genes from pathogens into plants to produce antigens. When consumed, these plant-based vaccines stimulate mucosal and systemic immunity. Various pathogens have been expressed in plants, including ETEC, cholera, Norwalk virus, hepatitis B, and measles. Advantages are oral delivery, lower costs, and stability without refrigeration. Challenges include ensuring consistent dosage and developing tolerance. Many organizations in India are researching edible vaccine candidates for diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, dengue, and hepatitis E.
EDIBLE VACCINES
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
In the edible vaccine, Transgenic plants are used as vaccine production systems.
The genes encoding antigens of bacterial and viral pathogens can be expressed in plants in a form in which they retain native immunologic properties.
Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines produced in plants offer potential advantages over traditional vaccines. Plants can be engineered to produce vaccine antigens through stable integration into the plant genome, allowing plants like tobacco, potato, tomato and banana to serve as bioreactors for vaccine production. Orally delivered plant-based vaccines have been shown to induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses and overcome obstacles to oral delivery by protecting antigens in the plant cell wall during digestion. Research is underway to develop plant-based vaccines for diseases of bioterrorism concern by delivering antigens for pathogens like smallpox, anthrax and plague.
Edible vaccine
Edible vaccines are genetically engineered foods that contain antigens to produce an immune response against infections and diseases. They are administered orally by eating the food and induce both mucosal and systemic immunity. The antigens in edible vaccines break down in the Peyer's patches and activate B-cells to produce antibodies that provide mucosal immunity. Edible vaccines have been explored for diseases like diabetes, cholera, malaria, and measles. They offer advantages like low-cost mass production and distribution without needing medical facilities but also have challenges in maintaining consistent dosages. Future prospects include approval by WHO and production of edible vaccines for other major diseases.
Recommended
Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines use transgenic plants to produce antigens from pathogens in a form that stimulates both mucosal and systemic immunity when eaten. They are a low-cost oral alternative to traditional vaccines that don't require refrigeration or trained medical professionals for administration. Several plant species have been engineered to produce vaccine antigens for diseases like ETEC, norovirus, cholera, hepatitis B, and measles, with some human trials showing promise. However, more research is still needed to address challenges like immunotolerance and ensuring consistent antigen levels across plants.
Plant Based Edible Vaccines
1. Plant-based edible vaccines produced in crops like bananas, potatoes, and tomatoes show promise as a cheap and effective way to deliver vaccines orally. Clinical trials have shown plant-based vaccines for diseases like cholera and E. coli infection can generate protective immune responses.
2. However, challenges remain regarding safety, dosage control, and public perception of genetically modified crops. Further research is still needed to optimize plant varieties and production methods before wide-scale use of edible vaccines.
3. While holding potential for improving global public health, particularly in developing areas, plant-based edible vaccines face regulatory hurdles and opposition related to their use of genetic engineering technologies.
EDIBLE VACCINES
This document discusses edible vaccines, which are vaccines that can be administered orally by eating plants that have been genetically engineered to produce antigens. Edible vaccines are developed using methods like Agrobacterium transformation or gene gun methods to insert DNA encoding antigens into plants. Candidates for edible vaccines include crops like bananas, potatoes, and tomatoes that are engineered to produce antigens for diseases like hepatitis, malaria, measles, and diabetes. Edible vaccines offer advantages like reduced costs and ability to deliver multiple antigens orally, but also have limitations regarding stability and consistency of dosage.
Edible vaccine
Vaccines have been revolutionary for the prevention of infectious diseases. Despite worldwide immunization of children against the six devastating diseases, 20% of infants are still left un-immunized; responsible for approximately two million unnecessary deaths every year, especially in the remote and impoverished parts of the globe. This is because of the constraints on vaccine production, distribution and delivery. One hundred percent coverage is desirable, because un-immunized populations in remote areas can spread infections and epidemics in the immunized safe areas, which have comparatively low herd immunity. For some infectious diseases, immunizations either do not exist or they are unreliable or very expensive. Immunization through DNA vaccines is an alternative but is an expensive approach, with disappointing immune response. Hence the search is on for cost-effective, easy-to-administer, easy-to-store, fail-safe and socio-culturally readily acceptable vaccines and their delivery systems. As Hippocrates said, Let thy food be thy medicine, scientists suggest that plants and plant viruses can be genetically engineered to produce vaccines against diseases such as dental caries; and life-threatening infections like diarrhea, AIDS, etc (Lal et al., 2007)
edible vaccine
Rekha presented on edible vaccines. Edible vaccines involve introducing genes from pathogens into plants to produce antigens. When consumed, these plant-based vaccines stimulate mucosal and systemic immunity. Various pathogens have been expressed in plants, including ETEC, cholera, Norwalk virus, hepatitis B, and measles. Advantages are oral delivery, lower costs, and stability without refrigeration. Challenges include ensuring consistent dosage and developing tolerance. Many organizations in India are researching edible vaccine candidates for diseases like malaria, tuberculosis, dengue, and hepatitis E.
EDIBLE VACCINES
A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.
In the edible vaccine, Transgenic plants are used as vaccine production systems.
The genes encoding antigens of bacterial and viral pathogens can be expressed in plants in a form in which they retain native immunologic properties.
Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines produced in plants offer potential advantages over traditional vaccines. Plants can be engineered to produce vaccine antigens through stable integration into the plant genome, allowing plants like tobacco, potato, tomato and banana to serve as bioreactors for vaccine production. Orally delivered plant-based vaccines have been shown to induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses and overcome obstacles to oral delivery by protecting antigens in the plant cell wall during digestion. Research is underway to develop plant-based vaccines for diseases of bioterrorism concern by delivering antigens for pathogens like smallpox, anthrax and plague.
Edible vaccine
Edible vaccines are genetically engineered foods that contain antigens to produce an immune response against infections and diseases. They are administered orally by eating the food and induce both mucosal and systemic immunity. The antigens in edible vaccines break down in the Peyer's patches and activate B-cells to produce antibodies that provide mucosal immunity. Edible vaccines have been explored for diseases like diabetes, cholera, malaria, and measles. They offer advantages like low-cost mass production and distribution without needing medical facilities but also have challenges in maintaining consistent dosages. Future prospects include approval by WHO and production of edible vaccines for other major diseases.
Edible Vaccine
This document discusses edible vaccines, which involve genetically engineering plants to produce vaccine antigens that can be delivered orally through consumption of plant parts. Some key points:
- Edible vaccines could provide low-cost, easy to administer vaccines that don't require cold storage. Several plant species have been investigated for their ability to produce vaccine antigens.
- Early research demonstrated that transgenic potatoes, tobacco plants, and other species could produce antigens for diseases like hepatitis B, cholera, rabies, and norovirus when eaten, and stimulated protective immune responses in animal models.
- Advantages of edible vaccines include low-cost mass production and distribution without need for medical personnel. However, challenges remain around consistent dos
Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines are plant-based vaccines that are administered orally. They activate mucosal immunity and have several advantages over traditional injectable vaccines like lower cost, easier administration and storage, and activation of mucosal immunity. Common foods that have been engineered to produce edible vaccines include potatoes, lettuce, tobacco. Studies in humans and animals have shown that edible vaccines against diseases like diarrhea, hepatitis B, and measles can successfully induce immune responses and antibody production after oral administration.
Production of interferons
INTERFERONS , STRUCTURE ,PRODUCTION IN BACTERIA, FUNGI, VIRUS,METHODS FOR PRODUCTION, MECHANISM OF PRODUCTION, GENE COMPOSITION,TYPES OF INTERFERONS
Edible vaccines
1) The presentation discusses edible vaccines, which are plant-derived oral vaccines that can help address issues with traditional vaccines like cost, need for medical personnel to administer, and unsafe needle reuse.
2) Experiments showed that mice and human volunteers developed an immune response and antibodies after eating transgenic plants engineered to express the hepatitis B surface antigen protein.
3) Edible vaccines could provide a low-cost, easy to administer alternative to traditional vaccines for developing countries and help prevent diseases in areas where access to medical facilities is limited. However, challenges with dosage consistency and stability need further research.
Ph02 edible vaccines
This document provides an overview of edible vaccines. It discusses how edible vaccines are produced by introducing genes encoding vaccine antigens into edible plants using transformation methods. The document outlines various plant species used for edible vaccines like tomatoes, rice, maize, potatoes, and tobacco. It discusses factors affecting the efficacy of edible vaccines and provides examples of edible vaccine research for diseases like malaria, measles, hepatitis B, norovirus, and Alzheimer's disease. The conclusion states that edible vaccines could improve vaccination programs in developing countries by reducing costs and need for cold storage.
Protein engineering
The document discusses protein engineering and techniques used for it. Protein engineering involves altering cloned DNA to modify protein properties. It merges molecular biology, protein chemistry, and other disciplines. Techniques include genetic modifications like site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modifications. Site-directed mutagenesis allows specific changes to the DNA base using methods like oligonucleotide primers and PCR. This allows investigation of protein function and commercial applications like creating detergent-stable enzymes. Protein engineering has applications in increasing stability, activity and investigating protein properties.
Protein engineering
Protein engineering is the process of developing useful or valuable proteins. It is a young discipline, with much research taking place into the understanding of protein folding and recognition for protein design principles
Edible vaccines
edible vaccines, advantages of edible vaccines, production of edible vaccines, examples of edible vaccines, benefits
Hairy root culture
Hairy root culture is a plant cell culture technique that uses the soil bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes to genetically transform plant cells. When plant tissues are infected by A. rhizogenes, its root-inducing plasmid integrates into the plant genome and causes unchecked root growth. These transformed roots, known as hairy roots, can be cultured in vitro and have several advantages over traditional plant cell cultures, including fast growth rates, genetic stability, and high production of secondary metabolites. Hairy root cultures are characterized by extensive branching, root hairs, absence of geotropism, and not requiring plant growth regulators. They have been used to produce valuable compounds and whole plants through regeneration.
Hairy root culture
This document discusses hairy root cell culture. Hairy root culture involves infecting plant explants with the soil bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes, which transfers genes to the plant genome and causes roots to form with increased cell division and elongation, producing "hairy roots". Hairy roots have properties like genotype/phenotype stability, fast growth, and high production of secondary metabolites. The process involves wounding explants, inoculating with A. rhizogenes, inducing hairy roots within 1 week to 1 month, and subculturing in antibiotic media to remove bacteria. Hairy roots can be cultured in various bioreactors and have applications like gene analysis, protein expression, and secondary metabolite production.
plant based vaccine
This document discusses vaccines and the potential for using plants as bioreactors to produce vaccines. It notes that vaccines provide active immunity against diseases and typically contain weakened or killed forms of pathogens. Vaccination is an effective public health measure. Recently, genetically engineering plants to express antigen proteins from pathogens has emerged as a way to develop subunit vaccines more economically than traditional methods. The document outlines opportunities like safety, immune response, stability, low cost, and challenges like regulatory concerns for plant-based vaccines. It provides examples of plant-made influenza vaccines in development that could allow rapid production in response to pandemics.
Edible vaccines
"edible vaccines": Vaccines or candidate vaccines derived from edible plants. Transgenic plants are used as recombinant protein production systems and the edible plant tissue functions as an oral vaccine.
Protein engineering
This document discusses protein engineering techniques for modifying proteins, including rational protein design using site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution using random mutagenesis. Site-directed mutagenesis involves introducing point mutations in a particular known area to modify a specific protein function, while directed evolution generates genetic diversity through random mutagenesis and screens variants to identify successful mutations without requiring structural information. Common random mutagenesis methods discussed are error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling, which can be used to engineer properties like protein folding, stability, binding, and catalysis.
Therapeutic proteins
Therapeutic proteins are proteins engineered for pharmaceutical use. They are produced through recombinant DNA technology and delivered to replace proteins deficient in certain illnesses. Therapeutic proteins are classified based on their pharmacological action, molecular type, and mechanism. They can be produced through microbial bioreactors, mammalian cell culture bioreactors, or by expressing the protein in the milk of transgenic animals. Common therapeutic proteins include hormones, clotting factors, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies used to treat diseases like cancer, infections, hemophilia, and hepatitis.
Fermentation technology
This PPT will provide the basic idea of Fermentation technology and it's use. The reference book is 'Pharmaceutical Biotechnology' by Giriraj Kulkarni.
Edible vaccines.pptx
Edible vaccines are engineered vaccines produced in plants or animals that are meant to be eaten. They work by expressing vaccine antigens in plant tissues that are then eaten, triggering an immune response. This avoids issues with traditional vaccine storage and transport. The concept was developed in the 1990s as a cheap, safe alternative that does not require purification or cold storage. When eaten, the vaccine epitopes are absorbed and passed to immune cells, eliciting future protection against the pathogen. Common methods for gene transfer include Agrobacterium and particle guns. Advantages are low cost, easy distribution without refrigeration, but disadvantages include lack of dosage control and potential allergic reactions.
Plantibodies
Plantibodies are antibodies or proteins produced in genetically modified crops. They can be used as edible vaccines, diagnostic or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, or to confer disease resistance in plants. There are three main types - expression of full-length antibodies, antibody fragments, or single chain or single domain genes. Plants are an attractive production system due to low contamination risk, flexible and low-cost production, and no ethical issues. The plantibody approach involves constructing genes containing antibody sequences with effective promoters, then transforming plants and propagating through breeding or tissue culture. Applications include therapeutic antibodies for various diseases and oral vaccines delivered through edible plants. While plant-produced antibodies have identical peptide sequences and functions to mammalian ones, they have different post-
Molecular pharming
This document discusses molecular pharming, which uses plants or other organisms as bioreactors for producing commercially valuable products through recombinant DNA techniques. It defines molecular pharming and farming and describes the process of transforming organisms with genes for a target product and extracting the product. The history of major developments is reviewed. Advantages include low cost large-scale production, but biosafety issues include gene pollution and ensuring product safety. Containment strategies and alternative production methods aim to address these risks. Overall, molecular farming provides opportunities for economical mass production if risks to health and environment can be adequately managed.
Application of rDNA technology to produce Interferon, Hepatitis-B Vaccine & I...
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Edible vaccine
WHAT IS VACCINE
PROPERTIES OF IDEAL VACCINE
TYPES OF VACCINEs
TRADIONTIONAL VS EDIBLE VACCINES
EDIBLE VACCINES :- INTRO AND DEFINITION
STANDARDS FOR EDIBLE VACCINE
HISTORY OF EDIBLE VACCINE
WHY TO CHOOSE EDIBLE VACCINE?
CRITERIA FOR HOST PLANT
DEVELOPING AN EDIBLE VACCINE
METHOD OF VACCINE PRODUCTION
HOW TO MAKE EDIBLE VACCINE
HOW EDIBLE VACCINE WORK (MECHANISM)
FACTOR AFFECTING EDIBLE VACCINE
PROS OF EDIBLE VACCINE
CONS OF EDIBLE VACCINE
PLANTS USED FOR EDIBLE VACCINE PRODUCTION
PROS AND CONS OF SELECTED HOST PLANT
APPLICATION
FUTURE PROSPECTS
Plant molecular farming for recombinant therapeutic proteins
This study produced hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in maize through molecular farming. Researchers constructed a plant expression vector containing the HBsAg gene driven by the endosperm-specific 27 kDa γ-zein promoter. This vector was transformed into maize via particle bombardment. Transgenic maize seeds expressed HBsAg at levels up to 3.5% of total seed protein. The HBsAg produced was heat stable up to 100°C and maintained antigenicity and immunogenicity. This demonstrates maize is a viable system for large-scale, low-cost production of thermostable HBsAg for use in hepatitis B vaccines.
Plant Disease Resistant And Genetic Engineering
Study the adverse effects of different viruses and other fungal diseases on the plants and their growth. Discuss the methods e.g. plant disease resistant and genetic engineering to protect the plants.
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Edible Vaccine
This document discusses edible vaccines, which involve genetically engineering plants to produce vaccine antigens that can be delivered orally through consumption of plant parts. Some key points:
- Edible vaccines could provide low-cost, easy to administer vaccines that don't require cold storage. Several plant species have been investigated for their ability to produce vaccine antigens.
- Early research demonstrated that transgenic potatoes, tobacco plants, and other species could produce antigens for diseases like hepatitis B, cholera, rabies, and norovirus when eaten, and stimulated protective immune responses in animal models.
- Advantages of edible vaccines include low-cost mass production and distribution without need for medical personnel. However, challenges remain around consistent dos
Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines are plant-based vaccines that are administered orally. They activate mucosal immunity and have several advantages over traditional injectable vaccines like lower cost, easier administration and storage, and activation of mucosal immunity. Common foods that have been engineered to produce edible vaccines include potatoes, lettuce, tobacco. Studies in humans and animals have shown that edible vaccines against diseases like diarrhea, hepatitis B, and measles can successfully induce immune responses and antibody production after oral administration.
Production of interferons
INTERFERONS , STRUCTURE ,PRODUCTION IN BACTERIA, FUNGI, VIRUS,METHODS FOR PRODUCTION, MECHANISM OF PRODUCTION, GENE COMPOSITION,TYPES OF INTERFERONS
Edible vaccines
1) The presentation discusses edible vaccines, which are plant-derived oral vaccines that can help address issues with traditional vaccines like cost, need for medical personnel to administer, and unsafe needle reuse.
2) Experiments showed that mice and human volunteers developed an immune response and antibodies after eating transgenic plants engineered to express the hepatitis B surface antigen protein.
3) Edible vaccines could provide a low-cost, easy to administer alternative to traditional vaccines for developing countries and help prevent diseases in areas where access to medical facilities is limited. However, challenges with dosage consistency and stability need further research.
Ph02 edible vaccines
This document provides an overview of edible vaccines. It discusses how edible vaccines are produced by introducing genes encoding vaccine antigens into edible plants using transformation methods. The document outlines various plant species used for edible vaccines like tomatoes, rice, maize, potatoes, and tobacco. It discusses factors affecting the efficacy of edible vaccines and provides examples of edible vaccine research for diseases like malaria, measles, hepatitis B, norovirus, and Alzheimer's disease. The conclusion states that edible vaccines could improve vaccination programs in developing countries by reducing costs and need for cold storage.
Protein engineering
The document discusses protein engineering and techniques used for it. Protein engineering involves altering cloned DNA to modify protein properties. It merges molecular biology, protein chemistry, and other disciplines. Techniques include genetic modifications like site-directed mutagenesis and chemical modifications. Site-directed mutagenesis allows specific changes to the DNA base using methods like oligonucleotide primers and PCR. This allows investigation of protein function and commercial applications like creating detergent-stable enzymes. Protein engineering has applications in increasing stability, activity and investigating protein properties.
Protein engineering
Protein engineering is the process of developing useful or valuable proteins. It is a young discipline, with much research taking place into the understanding of protein folding and recognition for protein design principles
Edible vaccines
edible vaccines, advantages of edible vaccines, production of edible vaccines, examples of edible vaccines, benefits
Hairy root culture
Hairy root culture is a plant cell culture technique that uses the soil bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes to genetically transform plant cells. When plant tissues are infected by A. rhizogenes, its root-inducing plasmid integrates into the plant genome and causes unchecked root growth. These transformed roots, known as hairy roots, can be cultured in vitro and have several advantages over traditional plant cell cultures, including fast growth rates, genetic stability, and high production of secondary metabolites. Hairy root cultures are characterized by extensive branching, root hairs, absence of geotropism, and not requiring plant growth regulators. They have been used to produce valuable compounds and whole plants through regeneration.
Hairy root culture
This document discusses hairy root cell culture. Hairy root culture involves infecting plant explants with the soil bacterium Agrobacterium rhizogenes, which transfers genes to the plant genome and causes roots to form with increased cell division and elongation, producing "hairy roots". Hairy roots have properties like genotype/phenotype stability, fast growth, and high production of secondary metabolites. The process involves wounding explants, inoculating with A. rhizogenes, inducing hairy roots within 1 week to 1 month, and subculturing in antibiotic media to remove bacteria. Hairy roots can be cultured in various bioreactors and have applications like gene analysis, protein expression, and secondary metabolite production.
plant based vaccine
This document discusses vaccines and the potential for using plants as bioreactors to produce vaccines. It notes that vaccines provide active immunity against diseases and typically contain weakened or killed forms of pathogens. Vaccination is an effective public health measure. Recently, genetically engineering plants to express antigen proteins from pathogens has emerged as a way to develop subunit vaccines more economically than traditional methods. The document outlines opportunities like safety, immune response, stability, low cost, and challenges like regulatory concerns for plant-based vaccines. It provides examples of plant-made influenza vaccines in development that could allow rapid production in response to pandemics.
Edible vaccines
"edible vaccines": Vaccines or candidate vaccines derived from edible plants. Transgenic plants are used as recombinant protein production systems and the edible plant tissue functions as an oral vaccine.
Protein engineering
This document discusses protein engineering techniques for modifying proteins, including rational protein design using site-directed mutagenesis and directed evolution using random mutagenesis. Site-directed mutagenesis involves introducing point mutations in a particular known area to modify a specific protein function, while directed evolution generates genetic diversity through random mutagenesis and screens variants to identify successful mutations without requiring structural information. Common random mutagenesis methods discussed are error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling, which can be used to engineer properties like protein folding, stability, binding, and catalysis.
Therapeutic proteins
Therapeutic proteins are proteins engineered for pharmaceutical use. They are produced through recombinant DNA technology and delivered to replace proteins deficient in certain illnesses. Therapeutic proteins are classified based on their pharmacological action, molecular type, and mechanism. They can be produced through microbial bioreactors, mammalian cell culture bioreactors, or by expressing the protein in the milk of transgenic animals. Common therapeutic proteins include hormones, clotting factors, vaccines, and monoclonal antibodies used to treat diseases like cancer, infections, hemophilia, and hepatitis.
Fermentation technology
This PPT will provide the basic idea of Fermentation technology and it's use. The reference book is 'Pharmaceutical Biotechnology' by Giriraj Kulkarni.
Edible vaccines.pptx
Edible vaccines are engineered vaccines produced in plants or animals that are meant to be eaten. They work by expressing vaccine antigens in plant tissues that are then eaten, triggering an immune response. This avoids issues with traditional vaccine storage and transport. The concept was developed in the 1990s as a cheap, safe alternative that does not require purification or cold storage. When eaten, the vaccine epitopes are absorbed and passed to immune cells, eliciting future protection against the pathogen. Common methods for gene transfer include Agrobacterium and particle guns. Advantages are low cost, easy distribution without refrigeration, but disadvantages include lack of dosage control and potential allergic reactions.
Plantibodies
Plantibodies are antibodies or proteins produced in genetically modified crops. They can be used as edible vaccines, diagnostic or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, or to confer disease resistance in plants. There are three main types - expression of full-length antibodies, antibody fragments, or single chain or single domain genes. Plants are an attractive production system due to low contamination risk, flexible and low-cost production, and no ethical issues. The plantibody approach involves constructing genes containing antibody sequences with effective promoters, then transforming plants and propagating through breeding or tissue culture. Applications include therapeutic antibodies for various diseases and oral vaccines delivered through edible plants. While plant-produced antibodies have identical peptide sequences and functions to mammalian ones, they have different post-
Molecular pharming
This document discusses molecular pharming, which uses plants or other organisms as bioreactors for producing commercially valuable products through recombinant DNA techniques. It defines molecular pharming and farming and describes the process of transforming organisms with genes for a target product and extracting the product. The history of major developments is reviewed. Advantages include low cost large-scale production, but biosafety issues include gene pollution and ensuring product safety. Containment strategies and alternative production methods aim to address these risks. Overall, molecular farming provides opportunities for economical mass production if risks to health and environment can be adequately managed.
Application of rDNA technology to produce Interferon, Hepatitis-B Vaccine & I...
Application of rDNA Technology and Genetic Engineering in the Production of Interferon, Hepatitis-B & Insulin
Edible vaccine
WHAT IS VACCINE
PROPERTIES OF IDEAL VACCINE
TYPES OF VACCINEs
TRADIONTIONAL VS EDIBLE VACCINES
EDIBLE VACCINES :- INTRO AND DEFINITION
STANDARDS FOR EDIBLE VACCINE
HISTORY OF EDIBLE VACCINE
WHY TO CHOOSE EDIBLE VACCINE?
CRITERIA FOR HOST PLANT
DEVELOPING AN EDIBLE VACCINE
METHOD OF VACCINE PRODUCTION
HOW TO MAKE EDIBLE VACCINE
HOW EDIBLE VACCINE WORK (MECHANISM)
FACTOR AFFECTING EDIBLE VACCINE
PROS OF EDIBLE VACCINE
CONS OF EDIBLE VACCINE
PLANTS USED FOR EDIBLE VACCINE PRODUCTION
PROS AND CONS OF SELECTED HOST PLANT
APPLICATION
FUTURE PROSPECTS
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Plant molecular farming for recombinant therapeutic proteins
This study produced hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in maize through molecular farming. Researchers constructed a plant expression vector containing the HBsAg gene driven by the endosperm-specific 27 kDa γ-zein promoter. This vector was transformed into maize via particle bombardment. Transgenic maize seeds expressed HBsAg at levels up to 3.5% of total seed protein. The HBsAg produced was heat stable up to 100°C and maintained antigenicity and immunogenicity. This demonstrates maize is a viable system for large-scale, low-cost production of thermostable HBsAg for use in hepatitis B vaccines.
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Study the adverse effects of different viruses and other fungal diseases on the plants and their growth. Discuss the methods e.g. plant disease resistant and genetic engineering to protect the plants.
GURT (Genetic use restriction technology)
This document provides an overview of genetic use restriction technology (GURT), also known as "terminator technology". It defines GURT as genetically modifying plants to produce sterile seeds, preventing farmers from reusing seeds. The technology uses three genes - a repressor gene, recombinase gene, and toxin gene - that work together to terminate seeds unless an activator is used. While not yet commercialized, it is being developed by biotech companies to restrict seed reuse and protect intellectual property. However, critics argue it would negatively impact farmers' rights, food security, biodiversity, and local seed varieties that many small farmers depend on for replanting. The document examines both perspectives on this controversial technology.
Terminator gene technology & its applications in crop improvement
Ishan Mehta's document discusses terminator gene technology and its applications in crop improvement. It defines genetic use restriction technologies (GURTs) as methods that use genetic switches to restrict unauthorized use of genetic material by preventing reproduction (V-GURT) or controlling trait expression (T-GURT). The document provides a history of GURTs, including early patents, protests against their use over concerns about seed saving practices and corporate control, and moratoriums imposed by various organizations. It also outlines the current state of GURT patents.
Insect resistance & future of bt transgenic crops
The development and commercialization of insect-resistant transgenic Bt crops expressing Cry toxins revolutionized the history of agriculture. At the end of 2010, an estimated 26.3 million hectares of land were planted with crops containing the Bt gene (James 2011). Bt cotton has reduced the use of traditional insecticides by 207,900,000 lbs of active ingredient of insecticide (Brookes and Barfoot, 2006).
Resistance is a genetic change in the insect pest — that allows it to avoid harm from Bt toxins. The high and consistent levels of ICP production in the Bt plants make them much less favorable for the development of resistance. Insect Resistance Management is of great importance because of the threat insect resistance poses to the future use of Bt plant-incorporated protectants and is said to be the key to sustainable use of the genetically modified Bt crops. The US EPA usually requires a “buffer zone,” or a structured refuge of 20% non-Bt crops that is planted in close proximity to the Bt crops.
First documented case of insect resistance to Bt cotton came in 2008, when Tabashnik and coworkers found field-evolved Bt toxin resistance in bollworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), in the United States. Field-Evolved Resistance to Bt Maize by Western Corn Rootworm (Gassmann, 2011) displayed significantly higher survival on Cry3Bb1 maize in laboratory bioassays.
Expanded use of transgenic crops for insect control will likely include more varieties with combinations of two or more Bt toxins (pyramiding), novel Bt toxins such as VIP, modified Bt toxins that have been genetically engineered to kill insects resistant to standard Bt toxins. Transgenic plants that control insects via RNA interference are also under development.
Increasing use of transgenic crops in developing nations is likely, with a broadening range of genetically modified crops and target insect pests .Incorporating enhanced understanding of observed patterns of field-evolved resistance into future resistance management strategies can help to minimize the drawbacks and maximize the benefits of current and future generations of transgenic crops.
Bt cotton
Bt cotton is a genetically modified cotton variety that produces an insecticidal crystal protein called Cry protein derived from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis. The Cry protein is toxic only to certain insect pests like cotton bollworm and pink bollworm when they ingest it, causing them to stop feeding within a few days. Bt cotton was first commercialized in India in 2002 and its adoption has significantly increased cotton yields while decreasing insecticide use and costs for Indian farmers. However, Bt cotton also requires higher investment in seeds and irrigation. Ongoing research is developing new Bt cotton hybrids with additional traits like drought tolerance and disease resistance.
Molecular farming
The document discusses molecular farming, which involves using plants or other organisms to produce valuable proteins or pharmaceuticals. It provides a brief history of molecular farming beginning in 1986. It then discusses various host systems used, including bacteria, yeast, algae, plant cell cultures, transgenic plants, and whole plants or animals. The costs of production are much lower for plant systems compared to other methods. Key plant expression systems include transgenic plants, plant cell suspensions, transplastomic plants, transient expression systems, and hydroponic cultures. Many therapeutic proteins, industrial enzymes, antibodies, and vaccines have been produced in different plant host systems. Some early commercial products included avidin, beta-glucuronidase, and trypsin. Leading
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Similar to Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines
This document discusses edible vaccines, which are plant-based oral vaccines. Edible vaccines were proposed in the 1990s as they are easy to administer, stable without refrigeration, and low-cost. They work by antigens in transgenic plants protecting antigens from digestion and triggering an immune response. Examples discussed include research on edible vaccines for malaria, measles, hepatitis B, and cholera using plants like potato, banana, rice and tobacco. While challenges remain, edible vaccines hold promise to low-cost vaccination globally in a heat-stable oral form.
vaccine-170507171207.pdf
The document discusses edible vaccines, which involve genetically engineering plants to produce vaccine antigens that can be delivered orally through consumption of plant parts. Some key points:
- Edible vaccines could provide low-cost, easy to administer vaccines that don't require cold storage. Several plant species have been investigated for their ability to produce vaccine antigens.
- Past research has expressed antigens for diseases like hepatitis B, cholera, rabies, and measles in plants, inducing protective immune responses when consumed. Optimization is still needed regarding antigen stability and dosing consistency.
- While promising for improving global vaccine access, safety aspects like cross-contamination and environmental impacts must still be addressed before wide application of edible vaccine
Edible vaccine
Edible vaccines are produced by genetically engineering plants and animals to contain antigens that trigger an immune response. When ingested, the antigens are delivered through the digestive system and taken up by immune cells to produce antibodies and memory cells, protecting against disease. Different plants have been studied for their ability to serve as edible vaccines, including potato, banana, rice and tomato. Each has advantages like ease of growth or administration, but also challenges like stability of antigens or variable dosing. Edible vaccines could provide a low-cost, easy to distribute method for vaccination programs in developing areas.
application of tissue culture in crop improvement
The document discusses various applications of tissue culture and genetic engineering in crop improvement. It provides examples of transgenic plants developed with improved nutritional quality, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, and for producing pharmaceuticals. Specifically, it describes the development of golden rice with enhanced vitamin A content and Bt crops with insect resistance. The use of genetic engineering to develop herbicide and disease resistant crops as well as plants with enhanced traits like drought and salt tolerance is also covered.
CBR.799 Edible Vaccine and and its effects on human .pptx
The document discusses edible vaccines, which are subunit vaccines produced in transgenic plants. Edible vaccines offer advantages like low cost, thermal stability, and needle-free administration through consumption of plant tissues. Various plants used for edible vaccine production are discussed, including tobacco, potato, banana, and rice. Methods for producing edible vaccines like gene gun and Agrobacterium transformation are also summarized. Potential applications of edible vaccines for diseases like hepatitis B and measles are mentioned. The conclusion states that edible vaccines could provide inexpensive immunization in developing countries through plant-derived vaccines.
Edible vaccines
This document provides information about edible vaccines. It begins by defining an ideal vaccine and then defines vaccines in general. It introduces the concept of edible vaccines, which are genetically engineered foods that express vaccine antigens to provide immunity. The document discusses the mechanisms of action, methods for transforming DNA into plants, candidate plant species, examples, factors affecting efficacy, applications, limitations, regulatory issues, recent discoveries, advantages and disadvantages, and future aspects of edible vaccines.
Applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacognosy. Edible vaccines
Edible vaccines use transgenic plants to produce vaccine antigens that are administered orally. The presentation discusses how genes encoding antigens are inserted into plants using techniques like Agrobacterium transformation. This allows the plants to produce the antigens, which can then be delivered through fruits and vegetables. Advantages of edible vaccines include easy administration without refrigeration and stimulation of mucosal immunity. Examples presented include transgenic potatoes producing antigens for hepatitis B, cholera, and typhoid fever. Limitations include potential immune tolerance and stability of antigens in foods.
pravinediblevaccine-140314110129-phpapp02.pdf
The document discusses edible vaccines, which involve genetically engineering plants to express vaccine antigens that stimulate immune responses when consumed. It provides examples of research efforts to develop edible vaccines for diseases like hepatitis B, cholera, and malaria by expressing relevant antigens in crops. Significant challenges remain, such as ensuring vaccine antigens maintain integrity during storage, overcoming safety concerns, and determining optimal dosing for oral vaccines.
Edible vaccine
Synopsis
Introduction
History
Definition
Need for edible vaccine
Plants normally used for production of
edible vaccine
Production
Mode of application
Advantages
Disadvantages
Application
Conclusion
References
Edible vaccine
Edible vaccines use plants to produce vaccine proteins that are consumed to stimulate immunity. They could provide a cost-effective way to vaccinate remote populations by protecting vaccine proteins from digestion and triggering an immune response through the gut. However, dosage may vary and they are not suitable for infants. Safety issues around environmental contamination must also be addressed.
Sagar alone edible vaccine
1. Edible vaccines work by introducing genes into food crops so that they produce vaccine antigens, which then stimulate an immune response when the plant is eaten.
2. Genes can be inserted through techniques like particle bombardment or Agrobacterium transformation, then the plant is grown and eaten to deliver the vaccine.
3. Clinical trials have explored edible vaccines for diseases like cholera, hepatitis B, rabies, and norovirus with some success in animal models.
Biopharmaceuticals
Plants can be used as bioreactors to produce commercial proteins and chemicals through transgenic techniques. Unlike bacterial and animal cell culture systems, plants are inexpensive to grow and maintain, and proteins produced in plants pose less risk of mammalian virus contamination. However, purifying the protein product from plant tissue remains a challenge. Researchers have successfully used plants to produce antibodies, polymers, and potential therapeutic agents. Edible vaccines produced in plants could provide a low-cost, easy to administer option, but expression levels and immune tolerance responses must still be addressed before clinical use.
Vaccine and Vaccination
Vaccine
Definition
History
Requirements for good immune response
Ideal characteristics of vaccine
Types
Adjuvants
Advantages & disadvantages
Comparison between live & killed vaccine
Genetically modified food
The organisms ( plant ,animal , micro organisms) in which genetic material ( DNA) has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and or natural recombination.
The technology is called as gene technology or genetic engineering . The selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another.
Adjuvants
Ryan Sanni contributed research on adjuvants and vaccines at Windsor University School of Medicine. Adjuvants help enhance the immune response to vaccines, allowing for lower doses of antigen or fewer immunizations. Common adjuvants include aluminum salts, emulsions, and toll-like receptor agonists. Ongoing research is exploring new delivery systems and immune potentiators to induce stronger and longer-lasting immunity through cellular and humoral responses.
EDIBLE VACCINES PRESENTATION.pptx
The document discusses edible vaccines and their production through plants and algae. It provides details on the mechanism of action of edible vaccines, candidate plant species commonly used like tobacco, potato and rice, use of edible algal vaccines, and application of probiotics as edible vaccines. The document covers introduction of antigen genes into plants and algae to produce encoded proteins to activate mucosal immune responses through oral consumption.
Applications of genetic engineering techniques in agriculture byB. DEVADATHA
Genetic engineering techniques can be used to improve plants for agriculture. Methods like Agrobacterium transfer and biolistic bombardment are used to insert genes. This allows traits like insect and disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, nutritional enhancement, and more. However, there are also risks to the environment and human health that must be considered through safety testing and regulation. While GM crops have potential benefits, caution is needed to avoid unintended harm.
Applicationsofgeneticengineeringtechniquesinagriculturebydatha 131009204300-p...
Genetic engineering techniques can be used to improve plants for agriculture. Methods like Agrobacterium transfer and biolistic bombardment are used to insert genes. This allows traits like insect and disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, nutritional enhancement, and more. However, there are also risks to the environment and human health that must be considered through safety testing and regulation. While GM crops have potential benefits, caution is needed to avoid unintended harm.
Plantibodiesppt 131118235833-phpapp02
This document discusses plantibodies, which are antibodies or proteins produced through genetically modified crops. Plantibodies can be used as edible vaccines, diagnostic or therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and to confer disease resistance in plants. There are several advantages to producing antibodies in plants, such as no ethical issues, low contamination risk, ability to scale production, and low production costs compared to other systems. The key components of a plantibody gene construct are promoters, signal peptides, and terminal peptides. Plantibodies can be produced through plant transformation and tissue culture and have applications in therapeutic and immunization uses. Production in plants is a viable alternative to traditional systems due to lower costs and potential for oral delivery of vaccines or therapeutics.
Vaccine development (1).pptx
Vaccines work by introducing a harmless version of a pathogen into the body to stimulate an immune response without causing illness. There are several types of vaccines including live attenuated, killed/inactivated, subunit, toxoid, conjugate, and recombinant vaccines. An ideal vaccine would provide long-lasting immunity after a single dose, stimulate both antibody and cellular immune responses, be safe, stable, and inexpensive to produce.
Similar to Edible vaccines (20)
CBR.799 Edible Vaccine and and its effects on human .pptx
CBR.799 Edible Vaccine and and its effects on human .pptx
Applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacognosy. Edible vaccines
Applications of plant tissue culture in pharmacognosy. Edible vaccines
Applications of genetic engineering techniques in agriculture byB. DEVADATHA
Applications of genetic engineering techniques in agriculture byB. DEVADATHA
Applicationsofgeneticengineeringtechniquesinagriculturebydatha 131009204300-p...
Applicationsofgeneticengineeringtechniquesinagriculturebydatha 131009204300-p...
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Edible vaccines
- 1. EDIBLE VACCINES : CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE Presented By Dr. Md. Mahmudul Hasan M,Phil (Microbiology, P- I)
- 2. What is Edible Vaccine ? • Edible Vaccine involves introduction of selected desired genes into plant and then inducing these altered plants to manufacture the altered protein.
- 3. How it acts ? • Antigen in transgenic plant > Ingestion >Delivered by bioencapsulation >Taken up by Mcell > Pass on to the Macrophage >IgG,IgE responses > Local IgA response & Memorycells > Neutralize the attack by the real infectious agent.
- 4. Advantage and Disadvantage of different plants • Potato : Advantage Easily transformed. Easily propagated. Stored for long periods without refrigeration. Disadvantage Need cooking which denature antigen.
- 5. Advantages and Disadvantages • Banana Advantages Do not need cooking. Protein not destroyed even after cooking. Inexpensive . Grown widely in developing countries. Disadvantages Trees take 2-3 to mature years. Spoils rapidly after ripening.
- 6. Advantages and Disadvantages • Rice Advantages Commonly used in baby food. High expression of antigen. Disadvantages Grows slowly. Requires glasshouse condition.
- 7. Advantages and Disadvantages • Potato Advantage Grow quicly. Cultivate broadly. High content Vitamin-A may boost immune response. Disadvantages Spoils readily.
- 8. Clinical Trial on ETEC : 11 Volunteers were feed raw transgenic Potatoes expressing LT-B. 10 (95%) of these individuals developed neutralizing antibodies and 6 (55%)develop mucosal response.
- 9. Clinical Trial on • Norwalk Virus 20 people fed with transgenic potato . 19 (95%)of them expressing Norwalk virus antigen showed seroconversion.
- 10. Clinical Trial on • Hepatitis B First human trials of potato-based vaccine against Hepatitis B have reported encouraging results. The amount of HBsAg needed for one dose could be achieved in a single potato. Levels of specific antibodies significantly exceeded the protective level of 10mIU/mL in human.
- 11. Advantages of Edible Vaccine • • • • • • • • • Cost effective. Easy to administer. Easy to store. Acceptable to poor developing country. Fail safe Activate both mucosal and systemic immunity. Heat stable. Do not required cold chain maintenance. No fear of contamination.
- 12. Future of Edible Vaccine • Resistance to GM foods may affect future of Edible Vaccine.
- 13. Limitation • Transgenic contamination can occur. • Antibiotic resistance marker genes can spread from GM food to pathogenic Bacteria. • Difficulty in dose maintenance.
- 14. Conclusion • Edible plant derived vaccine may lead to a future of safer and more effective immunization.