The document discusses the present perfect tense and passive voice in English. The present perfect tense uses the auxiliary verb "have" plus the past participle to talk about actions that began in the past but continue in the present. It is often used without specific time expressions. Examples are provided of affirmative and negative sentences as well as questions. The passive voice is used to emphasize the object of the sentence rather than the subject. It is formed using a form of "to be" plus the past participle. The passive voice can be used to describe a process or the result of a process without specifying who performed the action. Examples are given comparing active and passive sentences.

1. Escuela de Agricultura del Nor oriente EANOR
Third fourt- Month
Practice – English VI
Enginer: Osrcar Garcia
Using Quantifers and verbs
5 TO P:A
B GRUPO 3
MEMBERS:
EDDIN MAURICIO ORTIZ BARRIOS

3. Perfct present
 The perfect present is roughly equivalent to the Spanish preterite.
We will see the differences in the section on uses. Overall it is a
mixture between the present and the past. We used it for past
actions that are important in this.
 To form the present perfect, the auxiliary verb "to have" in the
present and the past participle of the verb is used. For regular verbs,
the past participle is the simplest form of the past. See the lesson on
the simple past for more information on how to form the past.

4. Subject Auxiliary Short Form Past Participle
I, You, We, They have I've, you've, we've, they've talked, learned, traveled...
He, She, It has he's, she's, it's talked, learned, traveled...

5. Verb
Past
Simple
Past
Participl
e
Play
be
Play
was/we
re
Play
been
Play
do
Play
did
Play
done
Play
go
Play
went
Play
gone
Play
make
Play
made
Play
made
Play
see
Play
saw
Play
seen
: Note that there are many irregular past participles
in English. Here's a list of some of the most common
irregular past participles.
•Example
•Play
•I've talked to Peter. (He hablado con Peter.)
•Play
•She's gone to work. (Ha ido a su trabajo.)
•Play
•We've been to London. (Hemos ido a Londres.)
•Play
•They've learned English. (Han aprendido inglés.)

6. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar
("to have") + "not" + participio
pasado...
•Ejemplos:
•Play
•I haven't talked to Peter. (No he
hablado con Peter.)
•Play
•She hasn't gone to work. (No ha
ido a su trabajo.)
•Play
•We haven't been to London.
(No hemos ido a Londres.)
•Play
•They haven't learned English.
(No han aprendido inglés.)
3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases
interrogativas)
Estructura Verbo auxiliar ("to have") + sujeto +
participio pasado...?
• Ejemplos:
• Play
• Have you talked to Peter? (¿Has
hablado con Peter?)
• Play
• Has she gone to work? (¿Ha ido a su
trabajo?)
• Play
• Have you been to London? (¿Has ido a
Londres?)
• Play
• Have they learned English? (¿Han
aprendido inglés?)

7. The perfect present for actions that occurred in a non-specific time heretofore used. The
specific time is not important. Therefore, we do not usually use with the present perfect
expressions of specific time ("this morning", "yesterday", "last year" ...). You can use the
present perfect with no specific time expressions ("never", "ever", "many times", "for", "since",
"already", "yet" ...). This concept of no specific time is quite difficult to understand, for this
reason, then you have particular uses of the present perfect.
forms
The present of the verb BE + in past participle is used to form the
present perfect
+
HABLAR COMER VIVIR
hablado comido vivido
yo he
tú has
él / ella / usted ha
nosotros/as hemos
vosotros/as habéis
ellos/ ellas/ ustedes han

8. function
The use of the present perfect in Spanish is equivalent to using English. Used to indicate that
the action or event took place in the past but still applies to this. It is very common to see the
way the questions "Have you ...?"
•¿Has visto la nueva película de Javier Bardém?
Have you seen Javier Bardem’s new movie?
•No, todavía no la he visto.
No, I haven’t seen it yet.
•¿Han viajado Uds. a España una vez?
Have you ever traveled to Spain?
•No, no hemos viajado fuera de los EE.UU.
No, we’ve never traveled outside of the U.S.
•Sam ha leído todo el capítulo pero no entiende el material.
Sam has read the whole chapter but he doesn’t understand the material.
•¿Ha ido a ver a su instructora durante sus horas de oficina?
Has he gone to see his instructor during her office hours?

9. Future tense of , have to

10. [Radical change: e> ie. Irregular shapes: I have, have, have, etc. Radical irregular in the
future and conditional: tendr-. Radical strong in the past: tuv-. Mandate irregular singular
family: ten].
Indicativo
English yo tú Ud./él/ella nosotros, -as vosotros, -as Uds./ellos/ellas
Presente I have, am having tengo tienes tiene tenemos tenéis tienen
Futuro I will have tendré tendrás tendrá tendremos tendréis tendrán
Imperfecto
I was having, used to
have, had
tenía tenías tenía teníamos teníais tenían
Pretérito I had tuve tuviste tuvo tuvimos tuvisteis tuvieron
Condicional I would have tendría tendrías tendría tendríamos tendríais tendrían
Presente perfecto I have had he tenido has tenido ha tenido hemos tenido habéis tenido han tenido
Futuro perfecto I will have had habré tenido habrás tenido habrá tenido habremos tenido habréis tenido habrán tenido
Pluscuamperfecto I had had había tenido habías tenido había tenido habíamos tenido habíais tenido habían tenido
Pretérito anterior1 I had had hube tenido hubiste tenido hubo tenido hubimos tenido hubisteis tenido hubieron tenido
Condicional
perfecto
I would have had habría tenido habrías tenido habría tenido habríamos tenido habríais tenido habrían tenido
Subjuntivo
Presente I have, am having tenga tengas tenga tengamos tengáis tengan
Imperfecto2 I had, was having tuviera tuvieras tuviera tuviéramos tuvierais tuvieran
Futuro1 I will have tuviere tuvieres tuviere tuviéremos tuviereis tuvieren
Presente perfecto I have had, had haya tenido hayas tenido haya tenido hayamos tenido hayáis tenido hayan tenido
Futuro perfecto1 I will have had hubiere tenido hubieres tenido hubiere tenido hubiéremos tenido hubiereis tenido hubieren tenido
Pluscuamperfecto3 I had had hubiera tenido hubieras tenido hubiera tenido hubiéramos tenido hubierais tenido hubieran tenido

11. yo tengo
tú tienes
él; ella; usted tiene
nosotros;
nosotras
tenemos
vosotros;
vosotras
tenéis
ellos; ellas;
ustedes
tienen
Presente
yo tenía
tú tenías
él; ella; usted tenía
nosotros; nosotras teníamos
vosotros; vosotras teníais
ellos; ellas;
ustedes
tenían
yo tuve
tú tuviste
él; ella; usted tuvo
nosotros;
nosotras
tuvimos
vosotros;
vosotras
tuvisteis
ellos; ellas;
ustedes
tuvieron
yo tendré
tú tendrás
él; ella; usted tendrá
nosotros;
nosotras
tendremos
vosotros; vosotras tendréis
ellos; ellas;
ustedes
tendrán
yo tendría
tú tendrías
él; ella; usted tendría
nosotros; nosotras tendríamos
vosotros; vosotras tendríais
ellos; ellas;
ustedes
tendrían

13. passive
 The English passive voice is simply a verbal syntactic structure we use when we
want to emphasize the complement of a sentence instead of the subject.
Examples: If we are talking about the lives of crocodiles in Africa, we can say:
Crocodiles eat many zebras During the migration season.
(Crocodiles eat many zebras during the time of migration.)
However, a documentary about the zebras would include the phrase:
Many zebras Were eaten (by crocodiles) During the migration season.
(Many zebras were devoured (by crocodiles) during the time of migration.)
The passive is used in spoken English more than Spanish, where there are
alternative ways such as using "se".
It is said that there are many thieves around here.
(It is Said That there are a lot of thieves around here.)

14. passive
 The active voice is the norm in any language. The subject of the sentence performs
the action described by the verb.
He drinks a glass of water.
The passive voice is the exception, especially in Spanish it is used little, because in
Spanish number of alternatives are known to passive voice, such as passive reflects.
 Passive: The car was washed.
Passive reflects: the car is washed.
The passive voice itself occasionally sounds very rare in Spanish.
A glass of milk is drunk.
(By: a glass of milk is drunk.)
The passive voice describes the action that the subject of the sentence "suffers" the
subject of the sentence is the goal of the action, but not the person who does it. The
sentence above is obvious that the glass of milk does not perform the action, is the
goal of the action.
In general passive or passive reflects if you do not know or do not want to say is used
(because of no importance) who performs the action.
Cars washed.

15. passive
 The cars are washed.
These phrases do not tell us who washes the car.
Unlike passive reflects, to which you can not add the executor of the action, the
passive voice can add it.
The cars are washed by him.
Passive can describe a process or a process result.
Description of the process: The car was washed.
description of the outcome of a process: The car was washed.
But of course, you may not have resulted without there having been a process
before.
He is baptized because he was baptized.
The person who describes a process forms in Spanish with the verb to be, the
person who describes a state with the verb to be. English only known verb to
form the passive, to be. Put another way, English is not clearly distinguish
between a person who discloses a process and one that describes the result of
a process. If the context does not allow to know what kind of person is the
continuously used because continuous forms, as we have seen in previous
chapters describe an action upon desarollarse.

16. Example
 Paul Waters Ranch vegetables (Active Voice).
Ranch vegetables are watered by Pablo (Passive Voice).
Miguel Walk the cat (Active Voice).
The cat is paraded through Miguel (Passive Voice).
The cat milk (Active Voice) was taken.
Milk was taken by the cat (Passive Voice).
Lupita doing homework in his notebook (Active Voice).
On your notebook does Lupita task (Passive Voice)

18. Present perfect
 The perfect present is roughly equivalent to the Spanish preterite.
We will see the differences in the section on uses. Overall it is a
mixture between the present and the past. We used it for past
actions that are important in this.

20. Simple passive
 The past simple passive is used in the same manner as the present simple passive, but
obviously to the past. Is formed with an auxiliary verb (was / were) and a past
participle.
Used when the complement of the phrase is most important when the subject does
not matter or is unknown, or when it is clear without mentioning.
My car was stolen last night. (Do not know who stole the car.)
That house was built in the 1920s. (The built unidentified workers.)
Titanic was directed by James Cameron. (The important phrase is the movie.)
War and Peace was written in 1869. (We all know who wrote Tolstoy.)
Set as English equivalent to "born" verb is almost always used in liabilities.
I was born in 1982. My sister was born in 1985.

21. Simple passive
 A literal translation would be "I gave birth in 1982." It is used in passive
because it is clear that it was my mother who struggled to parirme, so
she is the subject of the sentence is understood.
More examples:
Were these shoes made in Italy.
This package was delivered yesterday afternoon.
The photo was taken by my father.
Gold was found in California in 1849.
Enjoy speaking Inglés. And MOST importantly, go out and practic

23. yo cuantifico
tú cuantificas
él/ella/usted cuantifica
nosotros/nosotras cuantificamos
vosotros/vosotras cuantificáis
ellos/ellas/ustedes cuantifican
Pasado compuesto
yo he cuantificado
tú has cuantificado
él/ella/usted ha cuantificado
nosotros/nosotras hemos cuantificado
vosotros/vosotras habéis cuantificado
ellos/ellas/ustedes han cuantificado
Pretérito imperfecto
yo cuantificaba
tú cuantificabas
él/ella/usted cuantificaba
nosotros/nosotras cuantificábamos
vosotros/vosotras cuantificabais
ellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificaban
Pretérito pluscuamperfecto
yo había cuantificado
tú habías cuantificado
él/ella/usted había cuantificado
nosotros/nosotras habíamos cuantificado
vosotros/vosotras habíais cuantificado
ellos/ellas/ustedes habían cuantificado
Pretérito perfecto simple
yo cuantifiqué
tú cuantificaste
él/ella/usted cuantificó
nosotros/nosotras cuantificamos
vosotros/vosotras cuantificasteis
ellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificaron
Pasado anterior
yo hube cuantificado
tú hubiste cuantificado
él/ella/usted hubo cuantificado
nosotros/nosotras hubimos cuantificado
vosotros/vosotras hubisteis cuantificado
ellos/ellas/ustedes hubieron cuantificado
Futuro
yo cuantificaré
tú cuantificarás
él/ella/usted cuantificará
nosotros/nosotras cuantificaremos
vosotros/vosotras cuantificaréis
ellos/ellas/ustedes cuantificarán
Futuro anterior
yo habré cuantificado
tú habrás cuantificado
él/ella/usted habrá cuantificado
nosotros/nosotras habremos cuantificado
vosotros/vosotras habréis cuantificado
ellos/ellas/ustedes habrán cuantificado

25. Quantifiers.
 In English grammar, a quantifier is a word (or phrase) which
indicates the number or amount being referred to. It generally
comes before the noun (or noun phrase). The chart below shows
which type of noun goes with which quantifier.
 However, note that some of the examples in the chart can take on
several different roles within a sentence. For example, 'any' can be
used as a quantifier, a pronoun or an adverb:
 any as a quantifier: Have you got any tomatoes?
 any as a pronoun: I don't want any of you making a noise.
 any as an adverb: Can't this car go any faster?

26. Examples.

27. Must/
might
 "Must" is most commonly used to express certainty. It can also be used to express
necessity or strong recommendation, although native speakers prefer the more
flexible form "have to." "Must not" can be used to prohibit actions, but this sounds
very severe; speakers prefer to use softer modal verbs such as "should not" or
"ought not" to dissuade rather than prohibit.
 Examples:
 This must be the right address! certainty
 Students must pass an entrance examination to study at this school. necessity
 You must take some medicine for that cough. strong recommendation
 Jenny, you must not play in the street! prohibition

28. Might.
 "Might" is most commonly used to express possibility. It is also often
used in conditional sentences. English speakers can also use "might"
to make suggestions or requests, although this is less common in
American English.
 Examples:
 Your purse might be in the living room. possibility
 If I didn't have to work, I might go with you. conditional
 You might visit the botanical gardens during your visit. suggestion
 Might I borrow your pen? request

29. Past simple of “can”
 The verb form can in Simple Past Could and is the same for all people. As
it is a modal verb, the negative form does not specify the verb to do but
is formed simply by adding not, that is not contracted.

30. Execice.

31. Reported
speech.
 Indirect speech, unlike the direct style, do not use the quotes and
need not be verbatim. In general, when indirect speech is used, the
tense changes. Here you have an explanation of the changes they
undergo tenses.
Sometimes "that" is used in the affirmative and negative to introduce
what the other person has said phrases. On the other hand,
interrogative sentences can be used "if" or "whether".
Note: Also consider that expressions change over time speech.
Notice the change of time in the examples below, and then find a
table with more explanations of the changes of time in speech.

32. Examples.

33. Verbs.
 Can.
 "Can" is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to
express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show
possibility or impossibility.
 Examples:
 I can ride a horse. ability
 We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity
 She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission
 Can you hand me the stapler? request
 Any child can grow up to be president. possibility

34. Mustn´t
 "Must" is most commonly used to express certainty. It can also be used to express
necessity or strong recommendation, although native speakers prefer the more
flexible form "have to." "Must not" can be used to prohibit actions, but this sounds
very severe; speakers prefer to use softer modal verbs such as "should not" or
"ought not" to dissuade rather than prohibit.
 Examples:
 This must be the right address! certainty
 Students must pass an entrance examination to study at this school. necessity
 You must take some medicine for that cough. strong recommendation
 Jenny, you must not play in the street! prohibition

35. Have to
 Have to is often grouped with modal auxiliary verbs for
convenience, but in fact it is not a modal verb. It is not even an
auxiliary verb. In the have to structure, "have" is a main verb.
 The basic structure for have to is:

36. Examples.

37. Egrafia.
 http://grammar.about.com/od/fh/g/futenseterm.htm
 http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/tenses/future_perfect.htm
 http://www.vitutor.com/gramatica_inglesa/verbs/there_is.html
 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-voice-passive.htm
 http://www.grammarbank.com/present-perfect-passive.html
 http://www.eclecticenglish.com/grammar/PresentPerfect1C.html
 http://www.englishpage.com/modals/must.html
 http://www.curso-ingles.com/gramatica-inglesa/reported.php
 http://www.englishpage.com/modals/can.html
 https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-modals-have-to-must-not-1.htm