The document discusses active and passive voice in sentences. It provides examples of sentences in active and passive voice for different tenses, including present, past, future, continuous and perfect tenses. The key differences between active and passive voice are explained, such as the subject performing the action in active voice versus receiving the action in passive voice. Guidelines for changing sentences from active to passive voice and vice versa are also presented.

1. Mrs. Thuleekarn Fongon
No.14
TESOL 5

2. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Active Voice
คือ ประโยคทีประธาน (subject) เป็นผู้กระทำากริยา (verb)
่
โดยตรง เช่น
- My mother drinks coffee.
- He has turned down all our suggestions.
- I went to the market yesterday.
- Susan can speak English.
 Passive Voice
คือ ประโยคทีประธาน (subject) เป็นผู้ถูกกระทำากริยา
่
(verb) โดยผู้อื่น หรือสิ่งอื่น โดยโครงสร้างประโยค
passive + verbคือ be + verb 3 (past participle) + (by)
subject voice to

3. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 การใช้ Verb to be ในประโยค passive จะเปลี่ยนไปตาม
ประธานของประโยค
ถ้าประธานเป็นเอกพจน์ ใช้ verb to be ทีเป็นเอกพจน์ ถ้า
่
ประธานเป็นพหูพจน์ ใช้
verb to be ที่เป็นเอกพจน์ด้วย รวมทั้งต้องใช้ verb to be ให้ถูก
ต้องตรงตาม
กาลภาวะ (Tense) ด้วย เช่น
- A letter was written by me.
- An apple is eaten by him.
- The students are punished by the teacher.
- Letters have been written by him.

4. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 หลักการเปลียนประโยค Active Voice เป็น Passive
่
Voice
2. เอากรรม (object) ของประโยค active ไปเป็นประธานใน
ประโยค passive
3. ใช้ Verb to be ให้สอดคล้องตามประธานและกาลภาวะที่
เปลี่ยนจากประโยค active
4. กริยาแท้ในประโยค active เมื่อนำามาใช้ในประโยค
passive ต้องเปลี่ยนเป็นกริยาช่องที่ 3 (Past participle)
เสมอ โดยวางไว้หลัง verb to be
กริ ย าในประโยค Passive Voice จะเป็ น กริ ย าประเภท
5. นำาประธานในประโยค active ไปเป็นกรรมในประโยค
“ Transitive Verb”
passive โดยมี by นำาหน้า
คื อ กริ ย าที ่ ต ้ อ งการกรรมมารองรั บ

5. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 ตัวอย่างการเปลียนประโยค Active Voice เป็น Passive Voi
่
ceในแต่ละกาลภาวะ (Tense)
1. Present Simple Tense
Active Voice Subject + Verb 1
Passive Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = He eats an apple.
Passive Voice = An apple is eaten by him.

6. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (is, am, are) + being +Verb3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I am reading a textbook.
Passive Voice = A textbook is being read by me.

7. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Perfect Tense
Subject + (has, have) + been +Verb 3 + (by)
Active Voice
Subject + Verb to have (has, have) + Verb 3
Passive Voice
เช่น
Active Voice = You have broken the desk.
Passive Voice = The desk has been broken by you.

8. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (has, have) +been + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (has, have) + been + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = Kim has been studying English for
two hours.
Passive Voice = English has been being studied for
two hours by Kim.

9. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 PastSimple Tense
Subject + Verb 2
Active Voice
Passive Voice Subject + Verb to be (was, were) +Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = Richard broke the window
yesterday.
Passive Voice = The window was broken by
Richard yesterday.

10. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 PastContinuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (was, were) + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (was, were) + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = We were playing tennis.
Passive Voice = Tennis was being played by us.

11. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Past Perfect Tense
Active Voice Subject + had + Verb 3
Passive Voice Subject + had + been + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I had visited my uncle before
I came here.
Passive Voice = My uncle had been visited by me
before I came here.

12. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Simple Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + Verb 1
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = I will sing songs tonight.
Passive Voice = Songs will be sung by me tonight.

13. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Continuous Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + Verb -ing
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + be + being + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = He will be washing the car at
ten o’clock tomorrow.
Passive Voice = The car will be being washed by him
at ten o’clock tomorrow.

14. ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE
 Future Perfect Tense
Active Voice Subject + (will, shall) + have + Verb 3
Passive Voice Subject + (will, shall) + have + been + Verb 3 + (by)
เช่น
Active Voice = she will have done her homework
tonight.
Passive Voice = Her homework will have been done
by her tonight.

15. EXERCISE
Active Voice and Passive Voice
Passive Voice
Directions: Change the following sentences from active voice to passive voice.
1.I am writing a report.
___________________________________________________________________
2. The hunter wounded the lion.
___________________________________________________________________
3. The girl who is lovely reads a magazine.
___________________________________________________________________
4. Jeff has declared his innocence.
___________________________________________________________________
5. They can play football.
____________________________________________________________________
6. He confessed his crime.
___________________________________________________________________
7. The old man is smoking a cigarette.
___________________________________________________________________
8. We were playing tennis.
___________________________________________________________________
9. I have been teaching them since 2006.
___________________________________________________________________
10. Your drunkenness aggravates your offence.
___________________________________________________________________

16. EXERCISE
Active Voice
Directions: Change the following sentences from passive voice to active voice.
1. Promises should be kept by them.
___________________________________________________________________
2. The book that I like to read is found by Sam.
___________________________________________________________________
3. The letters were written by us yesterday.
___________________________________________________________________
4. The student is punished by the teacher.
___________________________________________________________________
5. The president’s speech has been loudly cheered by them.
___________________________________________________________________
6. The door had been broken by us before you arrived.
___________________________________________________________________
7. Tea will be drunk by my sister.
___________________________________________________________________
8. These pens are bought by the children.
___________________________________________________________________
9. The local newspaper is being read by the old man.
___________________________________________________________________
10. The car was washed by the handsome man.
___________________________________________________________________

17. THANK YOU