Earth´s layers
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Earth is composed of both compositional and physical layers. The compositional layers are the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is on the outermost layer and contains the continents and ocean floor. Below is the mantle, made of soft rock, and the innermost core, made of solid iron and nickel. The physical layers are defined by their properties and include the solid lithosphere, soft asthenosphere and mesosphere in the mantle, and the liquid outer core and solid inner core.
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Earth´s layers
Earth is composed of both compositional and physical layers. The compositional layers are the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is on the outermost layer and contains the continents and ocean floor. Below is the mantle, made of soft, wax-like rock. The innermost layer is the core, made of iron and nickel. The physical layers are defined by their properties and include the solid lithosphere, soft asthenosphere, softer mesosphere, liquid outer core, and solid inner core.
Inside our earth
The document discusses the interior structure of the Earth. It is composed of several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900 km. The innermost layer is the core, with a radius of around 3,500 km. The Earth's crust is made up of various rock types, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Rocks undergo changes in a cyclic process called the rock cycle, where they can transform from one type to another over time through processes like cooling of magma, weathering and erosion, deposition, and changes in pressure and temperature.
Unit 6 Earth's structure
This document provides information about the structure and composition of the Earth. It describes the four main spheres (biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere). It details the layers of the Earth's interior including the crust, mantle, and core. It explains how the lithosphere is composed of tectonic plates that move and interact at plate boundaries. It also discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks and how they are formed by volcanic, pressure-related, and sediment-based processes respectively.
Inside our earth (grade VII, c-2)
This document discusses the layers of the Earth and types of rocks. It begins by describing the three main layers - crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and thinnest, varying from 35km on continents to 5km below oceans. The mantle extends to 2900km below and is molten. The core is solid iron-nickel and has the highest temperatures and pressures.
It then explains the three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either below ground (intrusive) or above (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous
Slides on inside our earth vii
The Earth is made up of several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. The crust varies in thickness between continental crust and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends almost 3000km deep. The innermost layer is the core, composed primarily of nickel and iron. Rocks that make up the crust include igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, which undergo transformation between each other through the rock cycle of formation, weathering, erosion, deposition, and reformation under heat and pressure.
Differentiation of earth
This document summarizes the differentiation of the Earth. It discusses how the Earth initially formed as a molten mass and over time separated into layers with the heavier materials sinking to the center to form the core. The two main theories for this differentiation are homogeneous and heterogeneous accretion. Evidence from the Moon supports the Earth differentiating into layers early in its formation history around 4.5 billion years ago. The Earth is now composed of concentric layers that decrease in density from the iron-nickel core, to the silicate mantle, and finally the crust at the surface.
Earth Layers
A PowerPoint on Earth's layers. This can be found here. http://www.salem.k12.va.us/staff/jcox/powerpoints/science.htm
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Earth´s layers
Earth is composed of both compositional and physical layers. The compositional layers are the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is on the outermost layer and contains the continents and ocean floor. Below is the mantle, made of soft, wax-like rock. The innermost layer is the core, made of iron and nickel. The physical layers are defined by their properties and include the solid lithosphere, soft asthenosphere, softer mesosphere, liquid outer core, and solid inner core.
Inside our earth
The document discusses the interior structure of the Earth. It is composed of several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900 km. The innermost layer is the core, with a radius of around 3,500 km. The Earth's crust is made up of various rock types, including igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Rocks undergo changes in a cyclic process called the rock cycle, where they can transform from one type to another over time through processes like cooling of magma, weathering and erosion, deposition, and changes in pressure and temperature.
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This document provides information about the structure and composition of the Earth. It describes the four main spheres (biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere). It details the layers of the Earth's interior including the crust, mantle, and core. It explains how the lithosphere is composed of tectonic plates that move and interact at plate boundaries. It also discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks and how they are formed by volcanic, pressure-related, and sediment-based processes respectively.
Inside our earth (grade VII, c-2)
This document discusses the layers of the Earth and types of rocks. It begins by describing the three main layers - crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and thinnest, varying from 35km on continents to 5km below oceans. The mantle extends to 2900km below and is molten. The core is solid iron-nickel and has the highest temperatures and pressures.
It then explains the three main rock types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, either below ground (intrusive) or above (extrusive). Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments. Metamorphic rocks were once igneous
Slides on inside our earth vii
The Earth is made up of several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. The crust varies in thickness between continental crust and oceanic crust. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends almost 3000km deep. The innermost layer is the core, composed primarily of nickel and iron. Rocks that make up the crust include igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, which undergo transformation between each other through the rock cycle of formation, weathering, erosion, deposition, and reformation under heat and pressure.
Differentiation of earth
This document summarizes the differentiation of the Earth. It discusses how the Earth initially formed as a molten mass and over time separated into layers with the heavier materials sinking to the center to form the core. The two main theories for this differentiation are homogeneous and heterogeneous accretion. Evidence from the Moon supports the Earth differentiating into layers early in its formation history around 4.5 billion years ago. The Earth is now composed of concentric layers that decrease in density from the iron-nickel core, to the silicate mantle, and finally the crust at the surface.
Earth Layers
A PowerPoint on Earth's layers. This can be found here. http://www.salem.k12.va.us/staff/jcox/powerpoints/science.htm
II.A Minerals and Rocks
Core Subject: Earth and Life Science
II. Earth Materials and Processes
A. Minerals and Rocks
The learners
demonstrate an
understanding of:
1. the three main categories of rocks
2. the origin and environment of formation of common minerals and rocks
The learners:
1. identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
2. classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
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The document summarizes the internal structure of the Earth based on evidence from meteorites, seismic observations, and geophysics. It describes the Earth as having several concentric shells - an outer crust, a thick mantle layer making up most of the Earth's volume, and an inner solid iron-nickel core. The crust varies between oceanic and continental crust, while the mantle is composed primarily of peridotite and becomes increasingly dense and solid towards the core.
Rocks formation and cycle
Here are the answers to the questions from the passages:
P226 –
1. Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
2. Sedimentary rocks form from sediments
3. Sedimentary rocks can tell us about the environment they were deposited in, such as depth of water or presence of fossils
5. Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure
8. During metamorphism, the mineral grains in sedimentary and igneous rocks recrystallize and change shape
P232 –
1. Intrusive igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies within the earth's crust
2. Extrusive igne
The lithosphere
The document describes the different layers that make up the Earth, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. It provides details on the composition and characteristics of each layer, such as the crust being the outermost solid layer and the inner core being made of solid iron and nickel. It also discusses the lithosphere, which includes the crust and upper mantle, and the types of rocks that make up the different layers, such as basalt in the crust and iron and nickel in the outer core.
Inside the earth
The document summarizes the composition and structure of the Earth's interior. It is composed of three main layers - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and exists in two types, oceanic and continental. The mantle is the thick middle layer, while the core is mostly iron and makes up a third of the Earth's mass. The layers are similar to an egg, with the crust as the shell, mantle as the egg white, and core as the yolk. The Earth also has 5 physical layers from the lithosphere to the inner core. Tectonic plates comprise the crust, which breaks into about 19 pieces that move atop the asthenosphere.
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The Earth is divided into four main layers from outermost to innermost: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust makes up only 1% of the Earth's volume and is broken into tectonic plates, while the mantle is the largest layer and divided into upper and lower sections. Below the mantle lies the outer core, which is liquid and composed of iron, and the inner core, where extreme heat and pressure cause metals to be squeezed into a solid state.
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Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined crystal structure and chemical composition. They are composed of elements or compounds and are the building blocks of rocks. Minerals can be identified based on physical properties like hardness, crystal structure, color, and cleavage or chemical properties like acid reaction or magnetism, which are determined by the arrangement of atoms within the mineral.
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This document defines rocks and describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It explains that rocks are divided based on how they were formed and can change between types through geological processes. The rock cycle diagram shows how rocks continuously change between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic forms over millions of years through melting, cooling, burial and erosion.
Concept Map
1. The document discusses theories of Earth's formation and structure, including the solar nebular theory, continental drift theory, and plate tectonics.
2. It explains that Earth has different layers including the inner and outer core, mantle, and crust. The crust is broken into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle and gravity.
3. The document also covers earthquakes, describing primary and secondary waves, focal points, and locations being determined through trilateration. Earthquakes commonly occur at plate boundaries like the Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are also discussed in relation to plate tectonics.
Inside the Earth
The document summarizes the structure and composition of the Earth's interior. It describes the Earth as having four main layers from outermost to innermost - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the top solid rocky layer that makes up the continents and ocean floors. Below is the mantle, which constitutes 84% of the Earth's volume and is predominantly solid but behaves like a viscous liquid. Within the mantle is the Earth's liquid outer core followed by the inner solid core made of iron and nickel.
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The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth's interior. It is comprised of three main layers - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid layer, ranging from 5-75 km thick. It is composed of igneous and sedimentary rocks. The mantle is the thickest layer, consisting of hot dense rocks and accounting for about two-thirds of the Earth's mass. Below is the core, divided into the solid inner core and liquid outer core primarily made of iron and nickel. The crust forms at the boundaries between shifting tectonic plates as new magma rises and hardens upon reaching the surface and oceans.
Inside Our Earth
The Earth is made up of concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust lies the mantle, which extends almost 3000 km deep. The innermost layer is the core, with a radius of 3500 km. The crust varies in thickness depending on whether it is over continental masses or ocean floors. Continental crust consists of silica and alumina, called sial, while oceanic crust contains silica and magnesium, called sima. The Earth's crust contains various types of rocks that form through igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes and undergo continuous changes through the rock cycle.
Structure of the Earth
The Earth is composed of several concentric layers. The inner core is solid and suspended in the molten outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through convection. Below this is the lower mantle, composed primarily of silicon, magnesium and oxygen. The upper mantle extends from 10-400km deep and includes olivine and pyroxene minerals, and may partially be molten. Above this is the transition region that includes basaltic magmas and minerals like garnet. The outermost layers are the oceanic and continental crusts, the former made of basalt from sea floor spreading and the latter composed mainly of low-density minerals like quartz and feldspar.
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Inside our earth
The document discusses the layers that make up the interior of the Earth. It is divided into four main layers from outermost to innermost: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the topmost layer and thinnest, varying between 5-35km thick. Below is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900km and makes up 84% of the Earth's volume. At the center is the core, mainly composed of nickel and iron, with the inner core having extremely high temperatures and pressures. The layers differ in their mineral composition and thickness, with the Earth as a whole made up of constantly changing rocks and minerals in its interior.
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The document describes the structure and composition of the Earth. It discusses the four main layers of the Earth - crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the topmost layer and is broken into tectonic plates that "float" on the mantle. The mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume, becomes hotter with increasing depth and drives convection currents that move the plates. The outer core is liquid while the inner core is solid due to extreme heat and pressure at the Earth's center.
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The document summarizes the layers of the Earth and different types of rocks. It discusses that the Earth has several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900 km, and the innermost layer is the core. It then defines different types of rocks - igneous rocks form from cooled magma, sedimentary rocks form from compressed and hardened sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from changes to igneous and sedimentary rocks due to heat and pressure. The document concludes by describing the rock cycle, where one type of rock can change into another type through various conditions in a cyclic process.
Rocks families
Rocks are grouped into three major types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and solidifies either below or above the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, such as bits of older rocks, mineral and organic matter. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through high pressures and temperatures, causing them to recrystallize into a different rock type.
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Convection currents in Earth's mantle driven by heat from the core cause the movement of tectonic plates. Denser, cooler material sinks and less dense, warmer material rises in a convection cycle. Earth is composed of layers with increasing density, temperature, and pressure towards the core. The crust and rigid upper mantle form tectonic plates that move due to convection in the soft asthenosphere below.
Earths layers2
Earth can be divided into layers based on both chemical composition and physical properties. Chemically, Earth consists of a crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid layer and is made up of silicates and aluminum. Below the crust is the mantle, made of hotter, denser rock rich in magnesium and iron. At the center is the core, mostly iron and nickel. Physically, Earth comprises the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core, with the lithosphere forming the rigid outer plates and the inner core the solid center.
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II.A Minerals and Rocks
Core Subject: Earth and Life Science
II. Earth Materials and Processes
A. Minerals and Rocks
The learners
demonstrate an
understanding of:
1. the three main categories of rocks
2. the origin and environment of formation of common minerals and rocks
The learners:
1. identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
2. classify rocks into igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Inside our earth
The document summarizes the internal structure of the Earth based on evidence from meteorites, seismic observations, and geophysics. It describes the Earth as having several concentric shells - an outer crust, a thick mantle layer making up most of the Earth's volume, and an inner solid iron-nickel core. The crust varies between oceanic and continental crust, while the mantle is composed primarily of peridotite and becomes increasingly dense and solid towards the core.
Rocks formation and cycle
Here are the answers to the questions from the passages:
P226 –
1. Igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
2. Sedimentary rocks form from sediments
3. Sedimentary rocks can tell us about the environment they were deposited in, such as depth of water or presence of fossils
5. Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks are subjected to heat and pressure
8. During metamorphism, the mineral grains in sedimentary and igneous rocks recrystallize and change shape
P232 –
1. Intrusive igneous rocks form when magma cools and solidifies within the earth's crust
2. Extrusive igne
The lithosphere
The document describes the different layers that make up the Earth, including the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. It provides details on the composition and characteristics of each layer, such as the crust being the outermost solid layer and the inner core being made of solid iron and nickel. It also discusses the lithosphere, which includes the crust and upper mantle, and the types of rocks that make up the different layers, such as basalt in the crust and iron and nickel in the outer core.
Inside the earth
The document summarizes the composition and structure of the Earth's interior. It is composed of three main layers - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost layer and exists in two types, oceanic and continental. The mantle is the thick middle layer, while the core is mostly iron and makes up a third of the Earth's mass. The layers are similar to an egg, with the crust as the shell, mantle as the egg white, and core as the yolk. The Earth also has 5 physical layers from the lithosphere to the inner core. Tectonic plates comprise the crust, which breaks into about 19 pieces that move atop the asthenosphere.
Structure of the earth
The Earth is divided into four main layers from outermost to innermost: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust makes up only 1% of the Earth's volume and is broken into tectonic plates, while the mantle is the largest layer and divided into upper and lower sections. Below the mantle lies the outer core, which is liquid and composed of iron, and the inner core, where extreme heat and pressure cause metals to be squeezed into a solid state.
Minerals and Formation
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a defined crystal structure and chemical composition. They are composed of elements or compounds and are the building blocks of rocks. Minerals can be identified based on physical properties like hardness, crystal structure, color, and cleavage or chemical properties like acid reaction or magnetism, which are determined by the arrangement of atoms within the mineral.
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This document defines rocks and describes the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It explains that rocks are divided based on how they were formed and can change between types through geological processes. The rock cycle diagram shows how rocks continuously change between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic forms over millions of years through melting, cooling, burial and erosion.
Concept Map
1. The document discusses theories of Earth's formation and structure, including the solar nebular theory, continental drift theory, and plate tectonics.
2. It explains that Earth has different layers including the inner and outer core, mantle, and crust. The crust is broken into plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle and gravity.
3. The document also covers earthquakes, describing primary and secondary waves, focal points, and locations being determined through trilateration. Earthquakes commonly occur at plate boundaries like the Ring of Fire. Volcanoes are also discussed in relation to plate tectonics.
Inside the Earth
The document summarizes the structure and composition of the Earth's interior. It describes the Earth as having four main layers from outermost to innermost - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the top solid rocky layer that makes up the continents and ocean floors. Below is the mantle, which constitutes 84% of the Earth's volume and is predominantly solid but behaves like a viscous liquid. Within the mantle is the Earth's liquid outer core followed by the inner solid core made of iron and nickel.
Dynamic Earth
The document summarizes the structure and composition of Earth's interior. It has four main layers from innermost to outermost - the solid inner core made of iron and nickel, the liquid outer core also made of iron and nickel, the solid mantle made of iron, silicon and magnesium minerals, and the rigid outer crust made of lighter rock. Temperature and pressure increase from the crust towards the core. The crust is thinnest under oceans and thickest under mountains.
Soil and earth's crust
The document discusses the structure and composition of the Earth's interior. It is comprised of three main layers - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid layer, ranging from 5-75 km thick. It is composed of igneous and sedimentary rocks. The mantle is the thickest layer, consisting of hot dense rocks and accounting for about two-thirds of the Earth's mass. Below is the core, divided into the solid inner core and liquid outer core primarily made of iron and nickel. The crust forms at the boundaries between shifting tectonic plates as new magma rises and hardens upon reaching the surface and oceans.
Inside Our Earth
The Earth is made up of concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust lies the mantle, which extends almost 3000 km deep. The innermost layer is the core, with a radius of 3500 km. The crust varies in thickness depending on whether it is over continental masses or ocean floors. Continental crust consists of silica and alumina, called sial, while oceanic crust contains silica and magnesium, called sima. The Earth's crust contains various types of rocks that form through igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes and undergo continuous changes through the rock cycle.
Structure of the Earth
The Earth is composed of several concentric layers. The inner core is solid and suspended in the molten outer core, which generates the Earth's magnetic field through convection. Below this is the lower mantle, composed primarily of silicon, magnesium and oxygen. The upper mantle extends from 10-400km deep and includes olivine and pyroxene minerals, and may partially be molten. Above this is the transition region that includes basaltic magmas and minerals like garnet. The outermost layers are the oceanic and continental crusts, the former made of basalt from sea floor spreading and the latter composed mainly of low-density minerals like quartz and feldspar.
The rock and fossil record
The document discusses key principles of studying the rock and fossil record, including the principle of superposition which states that older rock layers are on the bottom and younger layers are on top. It also describes how forces can disturb rock layers and how fossils provide clues about Earth's past environments and climates. Fossils are most often found in sedimentary rocks and give insights about surface and climate changes over time.
Inside our earth
The document discusses the layers that make up the interior of the Earth. It is divided into four main layers from outermost to innermost: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the topmost layer and thinnest, varying between 5-35km thick. Below is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900km and makes up 84% of the Earth's volume. At the center is the core, mainly composed of nickel and iron, with the inner core having extremely high temperatures and pressures. The layers differ in their mineral composition and thickness, with the Earth as a whole made up of constantly changing rocks and minerals in its interior.
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The document describes the structure and composition of the Earth. It discusses the four main layers of the Earth - crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is the topmost layer and is broken into tectonic plates that "float" on the mantle. The mantle, which makes up most of the Earth's volume, becomes hotter with increasing depth and drives convection currents that move the plates. The outer core is liquid while the inner core is solid due to extreme heat and pressure at the Earth's center.
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The document describes the layers of the Earth and the three main types of rocks. The Earth is composed of four layers from outermost to innermost - the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core. There are three types of rocks: sedimentary rocks which are formed from compressed sediments, igneous rocks which solidify from magma or lava, and metamorphic rocks which form from the transformation of existing rock types through heat, pressure and chemical processes.
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The document summarizes the layers of the Earth and different types of rocks. It discusses that the Earth has several concentric layers, with the crust being the outermost layer. Below the crust is the mantle, which extends to a depth of 2,900 km, and the innermost layer is the core. It then defines different types of rocks - igneous rocks form from cooled magma, sedimentary rocks form from compressed and hardened sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from changes to igneous and sedimentary rocks due to heat and pressure. The document concludes by describing the rock cycle, where one type of rock can change into another type through various conditions in a cyclic process.
Rocks families
Rocks are grouped into three major types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and solidifies either below or above the Earth's surface. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, such as bits of older rocks, mineral and organic matter. Metamorphic rocks form from the transformation of existing rocks through high pressures and temperatures, causing them to recrystallize into a different rock type.
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4) The inner core is solid due to intense heat and pressure squeezing the metals.
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The document describes the four major layers of the Earth - crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. It explains that the crust is the outermost solid rock layer, ranging from 5-25 miles thick. The mantle is the largest layer, made of hot semi-solid rock and making up around two-thirds of the Earth's mass. The outer core is entirely liquid, made mostly of nickel and iron. The inner core is solid nickel and iron despite even higher temperatures due to extreme pressure at the Earth's center.
Plate tectonics Basic (KS3)
1. The document describes the structure of the Earth, which is divided into four main layers - the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
2. The crust and upper mantle make up tectonic plates that slowly move and interact with each other, influencing volcanic and earthquake activity.
3. Tectonic plates are driven by convection currents in the hot, liquid mantle and influence volcanoes and earthquakes through processes like plate collisions and divergent boundaries.
LISTENING UNIT 2 EARTH'S INTERNAL STRUCTURE
The Earth is composed of four main layers from innermost to outermost: the inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust. The inner core is solid iron and nickel, while the outer core is liquid. Both cores are extremely hot. The mantle is the thickest layer and composed of magma. The crust is the outermost and coolest layer, made of tectonic plates that carry continents and oceans and are in constant movement.
Geosphere- EVS.pptx
The document discusses the structure and composition of Earth's geosphere. It is divided into three main chemical sections - the crust, mantle, and core. The crust is the outermost solid rock layer composed of different rock types. Underneath is the mantle, which makes up 68% of the Earth and is semi-fluid rock rich in iron. At the center is the dense, metallic core. The Earth can also be divided into five layers based on physical properties - the lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, and inner core. Plate tectonics occurs due to movement of the lithospheric plates over the asthenosphere.
Q1-M1-PPT-Layers of The Earth.pptx
The document provides information about the Earth's core including:
- The core is the innermost layer of the Earth and is separated into a liquid outer core and solid inner core.
- The outer core is approximately 2,900 km below the Earth's surface, 2,250 km thick, and made of iron and nickel that is molten due to temperatures over 4,000°C.
- The solid inner core has a radius of 1,300 km and temperatures above 5,000°C that cause iron and nickel to remain solid due to extreme pressure.
- Convection currents in the outer core generated by Earth's rotation produce the planet's magnetic field, which protects the Earth from harmful
Geo ba i_interior of earth
The document provides an overview of a geography lesson on the interior of the Earth. It discusses various sources of evidence for the Earth's internal structure, including theories of the planet's origin, density and pressure measurements, temperature observations, and analysis of seismic wave behavior. Seismology is identified as the primary source of information, with discussion of how P, S, and L waves change speed and behavior when passing through the core, mantle, and crust.
13. Earth Structure and Rock Cycle_2.pptx
The document describes the layers and structure of the Earth. It discusses the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is broken into tectonic plates that move due to convection currents in the mantle. The mantle is the largest layer and heat from the core drives convection currents that move the plates. The outer core is liquid while the inner core is solid due to extreme pressures.
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Earth´s layers
- 1. Mr. Jaime Peña EARTH´S LAYERS
- 2. Planet Earth…2012 Earth is our planet, our home. Have you ever wonder what lies beneath your feet? Well, let´s take a fantastic look at it!
- 3. Compositional Layers To study the layers of Earth, scientists make 2 classifications of them. Compositional and Physical Layers. They are related to each other. In this picture we can see the Compositional layers. They include: The Crust, the Mantle, and the Core.
- 4. Compositional Layers Crust: It is the layer we live on. It includes all the continents and even the ocean floor! The crust is made up of 3 elements: oxygen, silicate and aluminum. Mantle: It is the middle of Earth´s compositional layers. Some of the rock in the mantle is like wax that is soft but not completely melted. Core: Innermost part of Earth. Made up mostly of 2 elements: iron and nickel which are metals.
- 5. Physical Layers There are 5 Physical Layers. They are determined by their physical properties, such as if a layer is hard or soft, solid or liquid. The Lithosphere is the uppermost layer of Earth. It is almost all solid. It is directly related to the Crust and a little part of the Mantle. It is divided into pieces called Tectonic Plates.
- 6. Physical Layers Next come the Asthenosphere and the Mesosphere. Both are related to the Mantle. The tectonic plates float on the Asthenosphere, which is soft. Rock in the Mesosphere is softer than rock in the Asthenosphere.
- 7. Physical Layers The innermost physical layers are the Outer Core and the Inner Core. In this picture, they are represented by the red and the yellow part. Both are related to the Core. They are divided because the Outer Core is liquid and the Inner Core is solid. They are made mostly of iron and nickel. The reason why the Inner Core is a solid ball of iron is because of the pressure of all the other layers over it. But that doesnt mean is cold. Some scientist compare its heat to the temperature at the Sun´s surface!
- 8. Compositional and Physical Layers Compositional Physical Layers Layers Crust Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mantle Mesosphere Outer Core Core Inner Core