This presentation deals with the various drugs used in respiratory system (bronchial asthma & cough)

1. Drugs used for
respiratory system
Dr. Karun Kumar
JR-II
Dept. of Pharmacology

2. Respiration physiology

6. Drugs for bronchial asthma
1. Bronchodilators
A. Selective β2 agonists  Salbutamol, Terbutaline,
Formoterol, Bambuterol &
Salmeterol
B. Nonselective sympathomimetics  Epinephrine,
Ephedrine
C. Methylxanthines  Theophylline, Aminophylline
D. Anticholinergics  Ipratropium br., Tiotropium br.

7. 2. Corticosteroids
A. Oral  Prednisone, Prednisolone, Methylprednisolone
B. Parenteral  Methylprednisolone, Hydrocortisone
C. Inhalational  Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone
3. Leukotriene (LT) modulators
A. Cysteinyl LT receptor antag.  Montelukast, Zafirlukast
B. 5-Lipoxygenase inhibitor  Zileuton
4. Mast cell stabilizers  Sodium cromoglycate, Ketotifen
5. Monoclonal Anti-IgE antibody  Omalizumab
6. Miscellaneous  Nitric oxide donors

11. Leukotriene antagonists

14. Anti-IgE antibody

18. T/t of Status asthmaticus
1. Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate 100 mg i.v. stat
followed by 100-200 mg 4-8 hourly infusion
2. Nebulized Salbutamol (2.5-5 mg) + Ipratropium
bromide (0.5 mg) intermittent inhalations
3. High flow humidified oxygen inhalation
4. Salbutamol/Terbutaline 0.4 mg i.m/s.c.
5. Intubation & mechanical ventilation
6. Chest infection t/t with intensive a.b. therapy
7. Correction of dehydration & acidosis with saline +
Sodium bicarbonate/lactate infusion

19. Drugs for cough
1.Antitussives
a) Centrally acting  Codeine, Pholcodeine, Noscapine,
Dextromethorphan, Pipazethate
b) Central & peripherally acting  Benzonatate
c) Peripherally acting  Prenoxdiazine
d) Miscellaneous

20. i) Antihistaminics  Chlorpheniramine, Diphenhydramine
ii) Pharyngeal demulcents  Lozenges, Cough drop
iii) Local anaesthetics  Xylocaine, Bupivacaine
2.Expectorants
a) Mucokinetic e.  Na/K citrate, KI, Guaiphenesin, NH4Cl
b) Mucolytic e.  Bromhexine, Ambroxol, Acetylcysteine
3. Adjuvant antitussives  Salbutamol, Terbutaline