Mucolytic Drugs

1. MUCOLYTICS
PREPARED BY:
USHA RANI KANDULA,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF ADULT HEALTH NURSING,
ARSI UNIVERSITY,ASELLA,ETHIOPIA,
SOUTH EAST AFRICA.

2.  Mucus is a slippery liquid that is
made by glands in the mucous
membranes that line the mouth,
nose, throat, lungs, breathing
passageways, digestive organs
and reproductive orans.

3.  The lining of the respiratory tract
is covered with mucous
membranes, which secrete sticky
fluid called mucus.

4.  Mucolytic drugs help loosen and
thin the mucus.
 Once the mucus is thinned, it is
then easier to cough up or
suction from the airway,
improving the patient breathing.

5. CLASSIFICATION
OF
MUCOLYTICS

6. CLASSIFICATION OF MUCOLYTICS
 Bromhexine
 Ambroxol
 Acetylcysteine

7. BROMHEXINE

8. BROMHEXINE
 -Bromhexine is a mucolytic
agents.
 -used in treatment of respiratory
disorders associated with
excessive mucus.

9. BROMHEXINE MOA
 BROMHEXINE depolymerises the
muco polysaccharides in mucus.
 It decreasing viscosity, allowing
for removal by normal chest
physiology.

10. BROMHEXINE
 Dosage
 Adults 8 mg tds
 Children :
 1-5 yrs – 4mg bd
 5-10 yrs – 4mg tds

11. AMBROXOL

12.  Ambroxol is a metabolite of
bromhexine.
 Systemically active mucolytic agent.
 The breakdown of acid
mucopolysaccharide fibers makes
the sputum thinner and less viscous
and more easily removed by
coughing.

13. MECHANISM OF ACTION
 The substance is a mucoactive drug
,
 It restore the physiological clearance
mechanisms of the respiratory tract,
 It promotes mucus clearance,
facilitates expectoration, allowing
patients to breath freely.

14. AMBROXOL
 Dosage
 Adults : daily dose of 30 mg taken
in 2-3 divided doses
 Children up to 2 years : half a
teaspoon ambroxol syrup twice
daily

15.  Children 2-5 years : half a
teaspoon ambroxol syrup three
times daily
 Children over 5 years : one
teaspoonful ambroxol syrup 3
times daily

16. ACETYLCYSTEINE

17. ACETYLCYSTEINE
 The common type of mucolytic
called N-acetylcysteine.
 It breaks the mucus, lubricates many
parts of the body as mouth, throat
and lungs.

18. ACETYLCYSTEINE
 Dosage
 Acetylcysteine solution, is
available in rubber stoppered
glass vials containing 10 ml or 30
ml.
 The 20% solution diluted with
sodium chloride.

19.  Nebulization :
 1-10 ml of the 20% solution or 2-
20 ml of the 10% solution given
every 2-6 hours;

20.  The recommended dose for most
patients is 3-5 ml of the 20%
solution or 6-10 ml of the 10%
solution 3-4 times a day.

21.  Direct instillation : when used by
direct instillation , 1-2 ml of a 10-
20% solution given as often as
every hour.

22.  When used for the routine nursing
care of patients with
tracheostomy,
 -1-2 ml of a 10%-20% solution
given every 1-4 hours by
instillation into the tracheostomy.

23.  Acetylcysteine introduced directly
into a segment of the broncho
pulmonary tree by inserting a small
plastic catheter into the trachea.
 2-5 ml of the 20% solution instilled
by syringe connected to the catheter.

24.  Diagnostic bronchograms :
 for diagnostic bronchial studies, 2 or
3 administrations of 1-2 ml of the
20% solution or 2-4 ml of the 10%
solution should be given by
nebulization or by instillation
intratracheally, prior to the
procedure.

25. NURSING
RESPONSIBILITIES

26. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
 Be prepared for suction if cough is
present
 Increased fluid intake to thin secretions
 Rinse the mouth with water to avoid
oropharyngeal irritation.
 Maintain patient airway.
 If needed oxygen administration.

27. PATIENT EDUCATION

28. PATIENT EDUCATION
 Clear airway by coughing deeply
 Wash face mask before and after
use
 Report complications.

29. THANKING
YOU