Dr. Rashi Thermotherapy (2)
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This document discusses temperature and methods of heat transfer in the body. It covers topics like the Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales, how heat is generated and lost from the body, physiological effects of heat like increased blood flow and collagen extensibility, and clinical applications of heat such as pain relief, increased range of motion, and wound healing. Precautions for heat application are also reviewed, such as avoiding temperatures over 45 degrees Celsius to prevent protein damage.
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Dr. Rashi Thermotherapy (2)
- 1. Dr. Rashi Goel (PT) Assistant Professor DY Patil College of Physiotherapy Pimpri, Pune
- 2. Temperature- measure of level of heat Eg. Right hand- cold water + left hand- in hot water Then both hands in tepid water Perception in nervous system to recognize contrasts 12/19/14 2 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 3. Expansion to measure temperature Mercury- along a narrow tube 12/19/14 3 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 4. 2 fixed points- Melting point of ice : 0 degrees Boiling point of water : 100 degrees 100 parts called degrees 12/19/14 4 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 5. Celcius and Farenheit scale Formula for conversion Is there any same temperature in both scales?? 12/19/14 5 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 6. 100 degrees C = F? 0 degrees C = F? 98.4 degrees F = C ? 0 degrees F = C? 12/19/14 6 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 7. Celcius scale Farenheit scale Kelvin scale 12/19/14 7 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 8. Lower limit where no motion occurs at all Absolute zero -273.2 degrees C In Kelvin scale: 0 Kelvin: 0 K 12/19/14 8 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 9. Add 273 in Celcius scale value to get Kelvin scale value Freezing point of water? In C? in K? 12/19/14 9 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 10. Conduction- metals Convection- sweating Radiation-electromagnetic radiation lead to heat when absorbed 12/19/14 10 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 11. METHODS MODES OF TRANSFER Superficial Heating Hot water bottle Hot pack Hydrocollator Hot water bath Wax bath Electric heating pads Fluidotherapy Hot air / hairdryer Hydrotherapy Infra red radiation 12/19/14 11 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 12. METHODS MODES OF TRANSFER Deep Heating Ultrasound SWD MWD 12/19/14 12 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 13. Causes of heat gain Causes of heat loss Basal metabolism Radiation to environment Muscle contraction Digestion Conduction from hotter objects 12/19/14 13 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 14. 1. Physical and chemical changes 2. Physiological changes- to protect the body from damage 12/19/14 14 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 15. 13% per 1 degrees C Temp rise- denatures proteins >45 degrees C protein damage occurs, cell and tissue destruction Phagocytosis more Cellular growth more 5-6 degrees 12/19/14 15 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 16. Any chemical change capable of being accelerated by heat is accelerated by a rise in temperature 12/19/14 16 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 18. Collagen melts > 50 degrees Increased extensibility 40 – 45 degrees Reduces joint stiffness Softening of collagen 12/19/14 18 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 19. Analgesic effects of local heating Stimulates sensory receptors of the skin Gate control mechanism Heat receptors inhibits nociceptive impulses 12/19/14 19 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 20. Hyperalgesia – localised- CNS phenomena subcortical level- short lived 12/19/14 20 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 21. Erythema is produced- skin surface reddens Vasodilatation 12/19/14 21 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 23. Reduced viscosity Increased blood flow 12/19/14 23 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 24. Increase in fluid exchange across capillary walls and cell membranes pH falls Acidity rises Carbon dioxide increase 12/19/14 24 Dr. Rashi Goel
- 25. Healing Pain relief Muscle spasm Sedative effect Joint ROM Prophylaxis of pressure sores Edema of extremities Skin diseases Precursor of other treatment 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 25
- 26. Why healing? Controversial in early stages of inflammation Given in chronic and post traumatic conditions 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 26
- 27. Collagen Cellular activity Metabolism Axon reflex- dilatation Cutaneous heat receptors- sedative & analgesic 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 27
- 28. Secondary afferent muscle spindle nerve endings get heat Inhibition to motor neuron Muscle excitation decreases Pain spasm cycle 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 28
- 29. Heating afferent muscle spindle nerve endings Reduces muscle spasm 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 29
- 30. As a consequence of pain relief Reflex phenomenon Psychosomatic effect 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 30
- 31. Analgesic effect Reduced viscosity and joint stiffness Increase collagen extensibility 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 31
- 32. Blood flow Skin breakdown 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 32
- 33. Chronic edema of hand and foot Add- elevation Add- active exercises 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 33
- 34. Fungal infections- IRR 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 34
- 36. > 45 deg. 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 36
- 38. Local burns if direct contact Ischaemic disease Deficient cardiovascular or heat regulatory mechanism Infections- Athlete’s foot, paronychia Acute dermatitis or eczema Oedema 12/19/14Dr. Rashi Goel 38
Editor's Notes
- Comfort and relaxation