Dwarki Prasad Meena gave a seminar on drip irrigation. The seminar covered the history, components, design, application and advantages of drip irrigation systems. Drip irrigation delivers water directly to plant roots through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters. It has gained popularity as a more efficient alternative to flood irrigation that can reduce water use for agriculture and landscaping. The seminar provided an overview of how drip irrigation systems work and their benefits compared to other irrigation methods.

1. April 15, 2015
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DRIP IRRIGATION
Seminar By:
Dwarki Prasad Meena
Roll No: 111214
Department of Civil Engineering
NIT Warangal

2. CONTENTS
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 Introduction
 History
 Component and working operation
 Design and layout
 System control and maintenance
 Application
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 References

3. INTRODUCTION
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 A process of supplying water to land by artificial means
for the purpose of cultivation.
 It is the artificial application of water to the land or soil.
It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops,
maintenance of landscapes, and re vegetation of
disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of
inadequate rainfall.
 The factors which necessitate irrigation are
 Inadequate rainfall
 Uneven distribution of rainfall
 Growing a number of crops during a year
 Growing superior crops

4. INTRODUCTION
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 Drip irrigation also known as trickle irrigation or
micro irrigation is one of the sub-surface irrigation
method of applying water or frequent application of
water to crops through small emitters in the vicinity
of the root zone wetting a limited amount of surface
area and depth of soil.
 A major difference between drip system and most
other systems is that the balance between crop
evapotranspiration and applied water is maintained
over limited periods of 24 to 72 hours.

5. HISTORY OF DRIP IRRIGATION
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 The use of drip irrigation can be traced back to the ancient
custom in certain parts of India of irrigating a tulsi plant kept in
the courtyard.
 The use of drippers in sub-surface irrigation network was first
experimented with in Germany in 1869.
 The drip system was developed for field crops in Israel in the
early 1960s and in Australia and North America in the late
1960s.
 In India, there has been a tremendous growth in the area under
drip irrigation during the last 15 years. At present, around
3.51akh ha area is under drip irrigation with the efforts of the
Government of India, while it was only 40 ha in 1960.

6. COMPONANTES AND WORKING
OPERATION
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The main components of a
typical drip irrigation system
are:
• Water Source: Common
water sources for drip
irrigation are surface water
(pond, river, and creek),
ground water.

7. COMPONANTES AND WORKING
OPERATION
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• Pumping System: The role of the pumping system is
To move water from the water source to the field
through the distribution system. Pumping systems
may be classified as electric powered systems,
gas/diesel powered systems, and gravity systems.
• Distribution System: The role of the distribution system is to convey the
water from the source to the field. Distribution systems may be above
ground (easily movable) or underground (less likely to be damaged).
• Drip Tape: The drip-irrigation system delivers water
to each plant through a thin polyethylene tape with
regularly spaced small holes (called emitters).

8. COMPONANTES AND WORKING
OPERATION
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• Injectors: Injectors allow the introduction of fertilizer,
chemicals and maintenance products into the irrigation system.
• Filtration System: Different types of filters are used based on
the type of particles in the water such as Media filters and Screen
filters.

9. DESIGN AND LAYOUT
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 Design considerations
Start with what is already available, the water source or the field. If
a water source is already available (pond or well), the amount of
water available may be used to calculate the maximum size of each
irrigation zone.
If no water source is available, the amount of water needed by the
crop, based on the size of the planted area, may be used to calculate
the type of well or pond size needed.
 Lay out of beds and rows

10. SYSTEM CONTROL AND SYSTEM MAINTENANCE
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 Water sampling
 Watch for leaks
 Chlorine clears clogged emitters
 Chemigation: Manage irrigation and fertilization together to optimize efficiency
 Time and Rate: The total irrigation water requirements for crops grown with a drip
system is greatly reduced compared to a surface flood system because water can be
applied much more efficiently with drip irrigation
 Standard maintenance: Add chlorine or other chemicals to the drip line periodically to
kill bacteria and algae. Acid might also be needed to dissolve calcium carbonates.

11. APPLICATION OF DRIP IRRIGATION
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For cultivation in roof gardens
• Drip irrigation is used by farms, commercial
greenhouses and residential gardens

12. APPLICATION OF DRIP IRRIGATION
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 In shopping malls and embankments
 In steep slopes

13. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTEGES
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 Advantages
 Reduced water use
 Joint management of irrigation and Fertilization
 Simplicity
 Automation
 Production advantages
 Disadvantages
 It is requires an economic Investment
 High maintenance and high-quality water
 Water-application pattern must match planting pattern
 Safety
 Leak repair

14. CONCLUSION
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 Drip irrigation is a latest sub-surface methods of
irrigating water with higher water demands in arid
region. It may not be applicable to all farms. Yet,
when properly designed, installed and managed, drip
irrigation may help achieve water conservation by
reducing evaporation and deep drainage when
compared to other types of irrigation such as flood or
overhead sprinklers since water can be more
precisely applied to the plant roots. In addition, drip
can eliminate many diseases that are spread through
water contact with the foliage. It also results reduced
energy costs.

15. REFRENCES
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 Eric Simonne, Robert Hochmuth, Jacque Breman, William
Lamont, Danielle Treadwell and Aparna Gazula ( June 2008), Drip
Irrigation System for Small Conventional Vegetable Farms and Organic
Vegetable Farms, Horticultural Sciences Department, Florida Co-operative
Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University
of Florida, HS 1144.
 Shock. C.C (August 2006, June 2001), Drip Irrigation: An
Introduction, Malheur Experiment Station, Oregon State University, EM
8782
 Modi. P.N (2008), Irrigation Water Resources and Water Power
Engineering, Standard Book House, Rajsons Publications Pvt. Ltd, 1705-A,
Nai Sarak, New Delhi-110 006
 R. Goyal, Megh (2012). Management of drip/trickle or micro irrigation.
Oakville, CA: Apple Academic Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-1926895123
 Bainbridge, David A (June 2001). "Buried clay pot irrigation: a little known
but very efficient traditional method of irrigation". Agricultural Water
Management 48 (2): 79–88. doi:10.1016/S0378-3774(00)00119-0.
Retrieved 23 October 2013.

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