This document summarizes a seminar on pipe distribution through drip irrigation systems. It defines drip irrigation and discusses its components including pumps, filtration systems, main lines, submain lines, laterals, and emitters. It describes different types of drip irrigation systems including surface, subsurface, spray, and pulse irrigation. It outlines the advantages and disadvantages of drip irrigation and concludes that it is a useful method for high water demand crops in arid regions that can increase yields, but requires investment and maintenance.

1. 1
A SEMINAR ON:.
PIPE DISTRIBUTION THROUGH
DRIP IRIGATION.
UNDER GUIDENCE OF.:
Prof. PINGALE N.P.
BY:
:DEOKATE NILESH P.

2. CONTENT
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 Introduction
 Components of drip irrigation system
 Types of drip irrigation system
 Field of application
 Advantages and Disadvantages
 Economics of installing drip system
 Case studies
 Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
 The main objective of practicing agriculture is to
produce optimum yields which in turn is the
product of interaction between adequately supplied
growth factors.
 Irrigation may be defined as the process of
supplying water to land by artificial means for
the purpose of cultivation.
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4. Also known as trickle or micro or localized irrigation, drip irrigation is a
method that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the
plant roots, either onto the soil surface or directly onto the root zone
,through a network of valves, pipes, tubing and emitters.
In 1964,Symcha Blass ,an Israeli engineer developed the first patented
drip irrigation system.
In the world, USA has the large area under drip irrigation.In India, drip
system is adopted in states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.
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DEFINATION OF DRIP IRIGATION:

5.  Pumping set
 Filtration system
 Main lines
 Submain lines
 Laterals
 Emitters
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PIPE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF DRIP
IRIGATION

6. PUMP
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To create a pressure of about 2.5kg/sq cm to regulate the amount of
water to be supplied.
HEAD : The water lifted from the source of supply is stored in a head
tank ,usually 3*3*3 m size, resting on a raised platform to maintain
pressure head about 4 to 5 m.

7. FILTRATION SYSTEM
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 To filter the water in order to remove the suspended particles(impurities)
in water.
 Filtration of irrigation water is essential to prevent clogging of emitters
which can be a major problem in the drip system.
 It is of two types;
 SCREEN(MESH) FILTER
 SAND FILTER

8. MAIN LINES
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 It is a distribution system in drip system. Rigid PVC and high density
polyethylene pipes are used as main pipes to minimize corrosion and
clogging.
 Pipes of 65mm diameter and with pressure rating of 4 to 10 kg/sq.cm
are used.

9. SUBMAIN LINES
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 The submain distributes the same discharge to all the laterals fitted to it.
 It is usually connected to the main lines through a control valve assembly.
 Usually pipes of 25 to 50 mm diameter and length are used.

10. EMITTERS
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 These connect to the tubing and deliver water at a slow, consistent
rate.
 The drippers discharge about 2-4 lt /hour
 Spacing of the dripper is based on Intra row spacing.
 It is of two types;
o POINT SOURCE
o LINE SOURCE

11. POINT SOURCE LINE SOURCE
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12. ADJUSTABLE 360 DEGREE DRIPPER 13

13. TYPES OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM
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 SURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM : The water is applied by the
laterals and drippers present on the soil surface.

14.  SUBSURFACE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM : The laterals are buried
below the soil. The water is directly supplied to the root zone of the plants.
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15.  SPRAY IRRIGATION: Supply water as a small spray, mist or
fog to the soil surface.
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16.  PULSE IRRIGATION: Supplies water in series of pulses or
discharges with an interval of 5, 10 or 15 minutes.
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17. 18
OVERALL VIEW OF A DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

18. FIELD OF APPLICATION
Drip irrigation is useful for crops like ;
 FRUIT CROPS
Banana,Grapes,Citrus,Pomegranate,Pineapple,Papaya,Watermelon,Sweet
lime , Mango
 VEGETABLE CROPS
Cabbage,cauliflower,Okra,Potato,Tomato,Onion,Chilli,Radish,Brinjal,French
bean, Capsicum,Bhendi,Beans,Carrot,Cucumber,Bottle gourd,Gherkins
 COMMERCIAL CROPS
Sugarcane , Cotton, Groundnut
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19. ADVANTAGES
 Simplicity
 Low pumping needs
 Automation
 Adaptation
 Joint management of irrigation
 Reduced water use etc.,
DISADVANTAGES
 Requires an economic investment
 Requires maintenance and high quality water
 Leak repair
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20. CONCLUSION
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 Drip irrigation is a sub surface method of irrigating water with higher
water demands in arid region.
 It may not be applicable to all farms.
 Drip irrigation increase yields.

21. REFERNCES:
 EFFICIENT USE OF IRRIGATION WATER – G.H.SHANKA REDDY,
T.YELLAMANDA REDDY
 INTERNET SOURCES
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