Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC)Ridwanul Hoque
Single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSB-SC) modulation improves spectral efficiency by transmitting only one sideband. It requires a bandwidth equal to the signal bandwidth. SSB-SC can be detected coherently using multiplication by the carrier. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmits two baseband signals over the same bandwidth using in-phase and quadrature carriers that are 90 degrees out of phase. Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation is a compromise between DSB and SSB that inherits advantages of both while requiring only slightly greater bandwidth than SSB. It is used for broadcast television transmission.
This presentation will explain about the need for modulation in communication system. We made this presentation as our group assignment in Analog and Digital Communication System course in MIIT.
This document provides an overview of amplitude (linear) modulation techniques. It defines key concepts like modulation, baseband communication, and carrier communication. It then describes various amplitude modulation schemes including AM, DSB-SC, QAM, SSB, and VSB. Implementation and demodulation of these techniques is discussed. The document also covers frequency mixing, superheterodyne receivers, frequency division multiplexing, and carrier acquisition using phase-locked loops. Suggested problems are provided at the end.
Double Side band Suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) Modulation and Demodulation.SAiFul IslAm
This document describes an experiment on double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) modulation and demodulation performed by electrical engineering students at the University of Asia Pacific. The objectives were to observe DSB-SC modulation using an MC1496 modulator and examine synchronous demodulation of DSB-SC signals. The experiment involved generating a message signal, carrier signal, and DSB-SC modulated signal. A balanced modulator was used to produce the DSB-SC signal. Synchronous demodulation using a balanced multiplier, low-pass filter, and same carrier signal as the modulator recovered the original message signal from the DSB-SC signal. The students observed input and output waveforms and discussed the circuit connections and results
Amplitude modulation, Generation of AM signalsWaqas Afzal
1. The document discusses various modulation techniques including amplitude modulation (AM), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), single sideband modulation (SSB), and vestigial sideband modulation (VSB).
2. It explains the principles behind each technique, such as how AM encodes information by varying the amplitude of a carrier signal, and how QAM achieves higher spectral efficiency by modulating two signals in quadrature.
3. The key advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined, such as SSB requiring half the bandwidth of DSB but being more difficult to generate than VSB which provides bandwidth savings over DSB.
Single sideband (SSB) modulation encodes information in one of the sidebands of a modulated signal. It is generated by multiplying a carrier signal with a modulating signal containing the information to be transmitted. This removes one of the redundant sidebands, improving spectrum efficiency compared to amplitude modulation. Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation is similar but retains a fraction of one sideband, allowing for simpler receiver filtering while maintaining higher bandwidth efficiency than double sideband modulation.
The document describes the key components and operation of a super heterodyne receiver. It has five main sections: RF section, mixer/converter section, IF section, audio detector section, and audio amplifier section. The RF section captures the signal and RF amplifier boosts it. The mixer downconverts the RF signal to an intermediate frequency. The IF section filters and amplifies the IF signal before the audio detector extracts the audio signal, which is then amplified in the audio section. Benefits of this receiver design include simplicity, good fidelity, selectivity, and adaptability.
This document discusses various types of pulse modulation techniques used in analog and digital communication systems. It begins by defining pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and describing how the amplitude of pulses varies proportionally to the message signal. It then discusses different types of PAM based on the sampling technique used - ideal, natural, and flat-top sampling. Flat-top sampling uses sample-and-hold circuits and can introduce amplitude distortion known as the aperture effect. The document also covers pulse width modulation (PWM), pulse position modulation (PPM), pulse code modulation (PCM), delta modulation (DM), and their advantages. It explains the sampling theorem and proves it through Fourier analysis. Finally, it discusses bandwidth requirements, transmission, drawbacks
Single Sideband Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC)Ridwanul Hoque
Single-sideband suppressed carrier (SSB-SC) modulation improves spectral efficiency by transmitting only one sideband. It requires a bandwidth equal to the signal bandwidth. SSB-SC can be detected coherently using multiplication by the carrier. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) transmits two baseband signals over the same bandwidth using in-phase and quadrature carriers that are 90 degrees out of phase. Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation is a compromise between DSB and SSB that inherits advantages of both while requiring only slightly greater bandwidth than SSB. It is used for broadcast television transmission.
This presentation will explain about the need for modulation in communication system. We made this presentation as our group assignment in Analog and Digital Communication System course in MIIT.
This document provides an overview of amplitude (linear) modulation techniques. It defines key concepts like modulation, baseband communication, and carrier communication. It then describes various amplitude modulation schemes including AM, DSB-SC, QAM, SSB, and VSB. Implementation and demodulation of these techniques is discussed. The document also covers frequency mixing, superheterodyne receivers, frequency division multiplexing, and carrier acquisition using phase-locked loops. Suggested problems are provided at the end.
Double Side band Suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) Modulation and Demodulation.SAiFul IslAm
This document describes an experiment on double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) modulation and demodulation performed by electrical engineering students at the University of Asia Pacific. The objectives were to observe DSB-SC modulation using an MC1496 modulator and examine synchronous demodulation of DSB-SC signals. The experiment involved generating a message signal, carrier signal, and DSB-SC modulated signal. A balanced modulator was used to produce the DSB-SC signal. Synchronous demodulation using a balanced multiplier, low-pass filter, and same carrier signal as the modulator recovered the original message signal from the DSB-SC signal. The students observed input and output waveforms and discussed the circuit connections and results
Amplitude modulation, Generation of AM signalsWaqas Afzal
1. The document discusses various modulation techniques including amplitude modulation (AM), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), single sideband modulation (SSB), and vestigial sideband modulation (VSB).
2. It explains the principles behind each technique, such as how AM encodes information by varying the amplitude of a carrier signal, and how QAM achieves higher spectral efficiency by modulating two signals in quadrature.
3. The key advantages and disadvantages of each method are outlined, such as SSB requiring half the bandwidth of DSB but being more difficult to generate than VSB which provides bandwidth savings over DSB.
Single sideband (SSB) modulation encodes information in one of the sidebands of a modulated signal. It is generated by multiplying a carrier signal with a modulating signal containing the information to be transmitted. This removes one of the redundant sidebands, improving spectrum efficiency compared to amplitude modulation. Vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation is similar but retains a fraction of one sideband, allowing for simpler receiver filtering while maintaining higher bandwidth efficiency than double sideband modulation.
The document describes the key components and operation of a super heterodyne receiver. It has five main sections: RF section, mixer/converter section, IF section, audio detector section, and audio amplifier section. The RF section captures the signal and RF amplifier boosts it. The mixer downconverts the RF signal to an intermediate frequency. The IF section filters and amplifies the IF signal before the audio detector extracts the audio signal, which is then amplified in the audio section. Benefits of this receiver design include simplicity, good fidelity, selectivity, and adaptability.
This document discusses various types of pulse modulation techniques used in analog and digital communication systems. It begins by defining pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and describing how the amplitude of pulses varies proportionally to the message signal. It then discusses different types of PAM based on the sampling technique used - ideal, natural, and flat-top sampling. Flat-top sampling uses sample-and-hold circuits and can introduce amplitude distortion known as the aperture effect. The document also covers pulse width modulation (PWM), pulse position modulation (PPM), pulse code modulation (PCM), delta modulation (DM), and their advantages. It explains the sampling theorem and proves it through Fourier analysis. Finally, it discusses bandwidth requirements, transmission, drawbacks
It is a digital representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular intervals. The sampled analog data is changed to, and then represented by, binary data.
This document discusses angle modulation techniques. It defines angle modulation as varying the angle of the carrier signal in accordance with the baseband signal. The key types of angle modulation are phase modulation and frequency modulation. Frequency modulation provides better noise performance than amplitude modulation at the cost of increased bandwidth. Narrowband FM is approximated using Bessel functions. Carson's rule and the universal bandwidth curve describe how the transmission bandwidth of FM signals depends on the modulation index.
The document discusses transmission line impedance and input impedance. It defines characteristic impedance as the ratio of voltage to current waves travelling along a transmission line. It provides expressions for characteristic impedance in terms of line parameters R, L, G, C. It then derives expressions for input impedance of open circuit, short circuit, matched and mismatched lossless transmission lines. It shows that input impedance is capacitive for a short open circuit line and inductive for a short circuit line.
This document provides an overview of microwave engineering and describes key concepts such as transmission lines, scattering parameters, couplers, and filters. The objectives are to provide the basic theory of microwaves and examine applications in modern communication systems. Microwave engineering involves the design of systems like radar, satellite communications, and wireless networks that operate in the microwave frequency range from 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
Amplitude shift keying (ASK) is a digital modulation technique that represents binary data by changing the amplitude of a carrier wave. In binary ASK (BASK), also known as on-off keying (OOK), a high amplitude represents a binary 1 and a low or off amplitude represents a binary 0. The demodulator determines the amplitude of the received signal to recover the original data. ASK transmitters and receivers have a simple design but the transmission is susceptible to noise. ASK is used in early telephone modems and transmitting digital data over optical fibers.
Transmission lines are physical connections between two locations that transmit electromagnetic waves. They have characteristic parameters including resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance per unit length. These parameters depend on the line's geometry and materials. Transmission line equations relate the voltage and current at each point on the line based on these parameters. A line has a characteristic impedance that is the ratio of voltage to current. Reflection and transmission of waves occurs at impedance discontinuities like at the load. Lossless lines propagate waves without attenuation, while finite lines are analyzed using reflection coefficients at the generator and load terminations.
The document discusses various digital modulation schemes, their advantages, disadvantages, and applications. It covers schemes such as DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB-SC, FM, PM, PSK, ASK, PAM, QAM, and their uses in applications like analog and digital television broadcasting, radio broadcasting, satellite transmission, cable communication, and optical and telephone communications. Key aspects covered are power and bandwidth efficiency, complexity of generation and detection, immunity to noise, and ability to transmit multiple bits per symbol.
This is all about MODULATION, AMPLITUDE MODULATION, AND AM DEMODULATION, Techniques
By_ IMTIAZ ALI AHMED
B.Tech Student
Siliguri Institute of Technology(ECE)
This document discusses microwave devices, specifically directional couplers and isolators. It begins by defining microwaves and their applications such as telecommunications and radar. It then describes how directional couplers are passive devices that divide power through four ports and discusses their key figures of merit like coupling factor, isolation, and directivity. Isolators are also covered as two-port non-reciprocal devices that allow high power transmission in one direction while providing high attenuation in the opposite direction using Faraday rotation in a ferrite rod.
Microstrip transmission lines are used extensively in microwave integrated circuits. They consist of a conducting strip separated from a ground plane by a dielectric substrate and support a quasi-TEM wave. Microstrip lines can be easily fabricated using printed circuit board technology. Their characteristic impedance depends on the strip width, thickness, distance to the ground plane, and dielectric constant of the substrate material. Microstrip lines are used for interconnecting high-speed circuits due to their uniform signal paths and ability to be fabricated automatically, though they have higher radiation losses than other transmission line types.
This document discusses amplitude modulation and demodulation. It defines amplitude modulation as varying the amplitude of a carrier wave linearly with a message signal while keeping frequency and phase constant. Modulation is used to transmit signals over long distances and allow multiple signals over the same channel. Demodulation recovers the signal intelligence by reversing the modulation process through rectification and filtering. The document describes amplitude modulation and different types of AM demodulation techniques.
The document discusses different types of noise that affect communication systems, including thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, excess resistor noise, and popcorn noise. It provides details on thermal noise generation and its relation to temperature and resistance. The analysis section examines thermal noise in resistors in series and parallel and defines signal-to-noise ratio and noise factor. Additive white Gaussian noise is described as noise that is additive, has a constant spectral density (white), and has a Gaussian amplitude distribution.
1. The document discusses various topics related to antenna parameters and radiation patterns. It describes the radiation mechanism of single wire, two wire, and dipole antennas.
2. Current distribution on thin wire antennas is explained. Parameters like radiation patterns, patterns in principal planes, main lobe and side lobes, beam widths, and polarization are discussed.
3. Key points about radiation patterns, coordinate systems, principal plane patterns, and definitions of main lobe, side lobes, half power beamwidth and first null beamwidth are provided.
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) DC and AC AnalysisJess Rangcasajo
BJT AC and DC Analysis
This slide condenses the two ways analysis of BJT (AC and DC).
At the end of the slide, it has review question answer with answer key as providing.
Comparison of Amplitude Modulation Techniques.pptxArunChokkalingam
This document discusses different types of amplitude modulation (AM) used in communication systems. It describes AM-DSB-FC, AM-DSB-SC, AM-SSB-SC, and vestigial sideband modulation (VSB), comparing their objectives to save transmitter power and bandwidth, transmission efficiency, bandwidth, number of channels supported, power consumption, difficulty of reconstruction, and applications. The key objectives of different AM techniques are to optimize power and bandwidth efficiency for various communication modes like radio, telegraphy, telephone and TV.
This document discusses transmission line theory and analysis. It begins by explaining how power is delivered through wires at low frequencies versus through electric and magnetic fields at microwave frequencies, defining transmission lines. It then lists common types of transmission lines including two-wire, coaxial cable, waveguide, and planar lines. It analyzes the differences between analyzing circuits at low versus high frequencies. Finally, it provides details on metallic cable transmission media, including balanced vs unbalanced lines, equivalent circuits, wave propagation, losses, phasors, and characteristic impedance.
This document discusses two approaches for modeling path loss: analytical and empirical. It focuses on two specific path loss models: the log distance path loss model and the log normal shadowing path loss model. The log distance model describes path loss increasing logarithmically with distance, but does not account for environmental clutter. The log normal shadowing model adds a zero-mean Gaussian distributed random variable to the log distance model to account for random variations in path loss caused by environmental clutter. Both models can be used to estimate or predict received signal power probabilities based on distance.
Frequency-Shift Keying, also known as FSK is a type of digital frequency modulation. It is also often called as binary frequency shift keying or BFSK
Similar to analog FM, it is a constant-amplitude angle modulation.
This presentation will discuss the concepts behind FSK
Double side band suppressed carrier AM generationswatihalunde
This document discusses various analog modulation techniques including double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC), single sideband suppressed carrier (SSB-SC), and vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation. It explains the generation and demodulation of DSB-SC signals using a balanced modulator or ring modulator. It also describes how SSB-SC is generated by filtering one sideband from a DSB-SC signal. Finally, it discusses how VSB modulation transmits one full sideband and part of the other to avoid phase distortion at low frequencies during video transmission.
This document provides an overview of analog communications and amplitude modulation (AM). It discusses the key components of a communication system including the input/output transducers, transmitter, channel, and receiver. For AM, it describes how the input signal is used to vary the amplitude of the carrier signal. It also examines the frequency spectrum of AM signals and discusses different forms of AM including double sideband suppressed carrier modulation. Coherent detection requires synchronization of both frequency and phase between the transmitter and receiver for DSB-SC due to the absence of the carrier signal.
It is a digital representation of an analog signal that takes samples of the amplitude of the analog signal at regular intervals. The sampled analog data is changed to, and then represented by, binary data.
This document discusses angle modulation techniques. It defines angle modulation as varying the angle of the carrier signal in accordance with the baseband signal. The key types of angle modulation are phase modulation and frequency modulation. Frequency modulation provides better noise performance than amplitude modulation at the cost of increased bandwidth. Narrowband FM is approximated using Bessel functions. Carson's rule and the universal bandwidth curve describe how the transmission bandwidth of FM signals depends on the modulation index.
The document discusses transmission line impedance and input impedance. It defines characteristic impedance as the ratio of voltage to current waves travelling along a transmission line. It provides expressions for characteristic impedance in terms of line parameters R, L, G, C. It then derives expressions for input impedance of open circuit, short circuit, matched and mismatched lossless transmission lines. It shows that input impedance is capacitive for a short open circuit line and inductive for a short circuit line.
This document provides an overview of microwave engineering and describes key concepts such as transmission lines, scattering parameters, couplers, and filters. The objectives are to provide the basic theory of microwaves and examine applications in modern communication systems. Microwave engineering involves the design of systems like radar, satellite communications, and wireless networks that operate in the microwave frequency range from 300 MHz to 300 GHz.
Amplitude shift keying (ASK) is a digital modulation technique that represents binary data by changing the amplitude of a carrier wave. In binary ASK (BASK), also known as on-off keying (OOK), a high amplitude represents a binary 1 and a low or off amplitude represents a binary 0. The demodulator determines the amplitude of the received signal to recover the original data. ASK transmitters and receivers have a simple design but the transmission is susceptible to noise. ASK is used in early telephone modems and transmitting digital data over optical fibers.
Transmission lines are physical connections between two locations that transmit electromagnetic waves. They have characteristic parameters including resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance per unit length. These parameters depend on the line's geometry and materials. Transmission line equations relate the voltage and current at each point on the line based on these parameters. A line has a characteristic impedance that is the ratio of voltage to current. Reflection and transmission of waves occurs at impedance discontinuities like at the load. Lossless lines propagate waves without attenuation, while finite lines are analyzed using reflection coefficients at the generator and load terminations.
The document discusses various digital modulation schemes, their advantages, disadvantages, and applications. It covers schemes such as DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB-SC, FM, PM, PSK, ASK, PAM, QAM, and their uses in applications like analog and digital television broadcasting, radio broadcasting, satellite transmission, cable communication, and optical and telephone communications. Key aspects covered are power and bandwidth efficiency, complexity of generation and detection, immunity to noise, and ability to transmit multiple bits per symbol.
This is all about MODULATION, AMPLITUDE MODULATION, AND AM DEMODULATION, Techniques
By_ IMTIAZ ALI AHMED
B.Tech Student
Siliguri Institute of Technology(ECE)
This document discusses microwave devices, specifically directional couplers and isolators. It begins by defining microwaves and their applications such as telecommunications and radar. It then describes how directional couplers are passive devices that divide power through four ports and discusses their key figures of merit like coupling factor, isolation, and directivity. Isolators are also covered as two-port non-reciprocal devices that allow high power transmission in one direction while providing high attenuation in the opposite direction using Faraday rotation in a ferrite rod.
Microstrip transmission lines are used extensively in microwave integrated circuits. They consist of a conducting strip separated from a ground plane by a dielectric substrate and support a quasi-TEM wave. Microstrip lines can be easily fabricated using printed circuit board technology. Their characteristic impedance depends on the strip width, thickness, distance to the ground plane, and dielectric constant of the substrate material. Microstrip lines are used for interconnecting high-speed circuits due to their uniform signal paths and ability to be fabricated automatically, though they have higher radiation losses than other transmission line types.
This document discusses amplitude modulation and demodulation. It defines amplitude modulation as varying the amplitude of a carrier wave linearly with a message signal while keeping frequency and phase constant. Modulation is used to transmit signals over long distances and allow multiple signals over the same channel. Demodulation recovers the signal intelligence by reversing the modulation process through rectification and filtering. The document describes amplitude modulation and different types of AM demodulation techniques.
The document discusses different types of noise that affect communication systems, including thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, excess resistor noise, and popcorn noise. It provides details on thermal noise generation and its relation to temperature and resistance. The analysis section examines thermal noise in resistors in series and parallel and defines signal-to-noise ratio and noise factor. Additive white Gaussian noise is described as noise that is additive, has a constant spectral density (white), and has a Gaussian amplitude distribution.
1. The document discusses various topics related to antenna parameters and radiation patterns. It describes the radiation mechanism of single wire, two wire, and dipole antennas.
2. Current distribution on thin wire antennas is explained. Parameters like radiation patterns, patterns in principal planes, main lobe and side lobes, beam widths, and polarization are discussed.
3. Key points about radiation patterns, coordinate systems, principal plane patterns, and definitions of main lobe, side lobes, half power beamwidth and first null beamwidth are provided.
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) DC and AC AnalysisJess Rangcasajo
BJT AC and DC Analysis
This slide condenses the two ways analysis of BJT (AC and DC).
At the end of the slide, it has review question answer with answer key as providing.
Comparison of Amplitude Modulation Techniques.pptxArunChokkalingam
This document discusses different types of amplitude modulation (AM) used in communication systems. It describes AM-DSB-FC, AM-DSB-SC, AM-SSB-SC, and vestigial sideband modulation (VSB), comparing their objectives to save transmitter power and bandwidth, transmission efficiency, bandwidth, number of channels supported, power consumption, difficulty of reconstruction, and applications. The key objectives of different AM techniques are to optimize power and bandwidth efficiency for various communication modes like radio, telegraphy, telephone and TV.
This document discusses transmission line theory and analysis. It begins by explaining how power is delivered through wires at low frequencies versus through electric and magnetic fields at microwave frequencies, defining transmission lines. It then lists common types of transmission lines including two-wire, coaxial cable, waveguide, and planar lines. It analyzes the differences between analyzing circuits at low versus high frequencies. Finally, it provides details on metallic cable transmission media, including balanced vs unbalanced lines, equivalent circuits, wave propagation, losses, phasors, and characteristic impedance.
This document discusses two approaches for modeling path loss: analytical and empirical. It focuses on two specific path loss models: the log distance path loss model and the log normal shadowing path loss model. The log distance model describes path loss increasing logarithmically with distance, but does not account for environmental clutter. The log normal shadowing model adds a zero-mean Gaussian distributed random variable to the log distance model to account for random variations in path loss caused by environmental clutter. Both models can be used to estimate or predict received signal power probabilities based on distance.
Frequency-Shift Keying, also known as FSK is a type of digital frequency modulation. It is also often called as binary frequency shift keying or BFSK
Similar to analog FM, it is a constant-amplitude angle modulation.
This presentation will discuss the concepts behind FSK
Double side band suppressed carrier AM generationswatihalunde
This document discusses various analog modulation techniques including double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC), single sideband suppressed carrier (SSB-SC), and vestigial sideband (VSB) modulation. It explains the generation and demodulation of DSB-SC signals using a balanced modulator or ring modulator. It also describes how SSB-SC is generated by filtering one sideband from a DSB-SC signal. Finally, it discusses how VSB modulation transmits one full sideband and part of the other to avoid phase distortion at low frequencies during video transmission.
This document provides an overview of analog communications and amplitude modulation (AM). It discusses the key components of a communication system including the input/output transducers, transmitter, channel, and receiver. For AM, it describes how the input signal is used to vary the amplitude of the carrier signal. It also examines the frequency spectrum of AM signals and discusses different forms of AM including double sideband suppressed carrier modulation. Coherent detection requires synchronization of both frequency and phase between the transmitter and receiver for DSB-SC due to the absence of the carrier signal.
Communication Systems_B.P. Lathi and Zhi Ding (Lecture No 16-21)Adnan Zafar
Lecture No 16: https://youtu.be/22XDP-_UKbg
Lecture No 17: https://youtu.be/CikQYWnvKdU
Lecture No 18: https://youtu.be/eT9sDYN4U30
Lecture No 19: https://youtu.be/7-jw3w9snik
Lecture No 20: https://youtu.be/kLmVgGSmfLE
Lecture No 21: https://youtu.be/Mm445diiQpM
This document provides an overview of analog modulation techniques. It discusses the basic concepts of signals, modulation, and communication systems. It covers various analog modulation schemes including amplitude modulation (AM) and angle modulation. AM techniques described include double sideband with carrier (DSB-FC), double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC), single sideband with carrier (SSB-C), and single sideband suppressed carrier (SSB-SC). Modulation index, generation of AM signals using balanced and ring modulators, and AM demodulation are also covered. Angle modulation techniques of frequency modulation (FM) and phase modulation (PM) are introduced along with their advantages.
This task involves generating a single tone SSB modulated signal. A modulating signal m(t) = cos(1000πt) and carrier c(t) = cos(104πt) are used. The SSB modulated signal is generated using the filtering method. The USB and LSB spectra are identified, with the USB spectrum occupying frequencies above the carrier and the LSB spectrum below. The maximum and minimum envelope amplitudes and power in the USB, LSB and modulated signals are determined. Simulation results and plots of the signals and their spectra are presented.
This document discusses amplitude modulation (AM) and detection. It begins by introducing AM, including its use of a carrier signal to transmit a baseband message signal. It describes how AM varies the amplitude of the carrier based on the message signal. The document then discusses envelope detection used at the receiver to recover the original message signal. It also introduces double sideband suppressed carrier AM, which removes the carrier component to increase power efficiency, requiring a product detector instead of envelope detection.
Power point presentation of Amplitude modulation from DSBSC.pptxvairaprakash3
The equation of AM wave in simple form is given by,
eAM(t) = Ec sin 2πfct+(mE_c)/2 cos2π(fc + fm)t - (mE_c)/2 cos2π(fc - fm)t
Here, power of the carrier does not convey any information. Most of the power is transmitted in the carrier is not used for carrying information. Hence the carrier is suppressed and only sidebands are transmitted.Therefore, if the carrier is suppressed, only sidebands remain in the spectrum requiring less power.
DSB-SC Contains two side bands i.e USB & LSB
Power efficiency is 100%
% Power saving in DSB-SC w.r.t AM is 66.67%.
Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique where the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied in proportion to that of the message signal being transmitted. In AM, the amplitude of the carrier wave is modulated by the instantaneous amplitude of the lower frequency modulating signal. This results in a modulated wave whose amplitude varies in accordance with the modulating signal. The carrier frequency remains unchanged in AM. Demodulation of AM signals can be done using envelope detection or synchronous detection methods. Envelope detection is simpler but introduces more distortion, while synchronous detection is more complex but introduces less distortion.
The document discusses various types of analog modulation techniques. It begins by defining analog modulation and describing the key components - the message signal, carrier signal, and modulated signal. It then covers amplitude modulation techniques like AM, DSB-SC, and SSB which vary the amplitude of the carrier signal. Key aspects like bandwidth, power distribution, and detection methods are explained for each technique. The document also touches on angle modulation like FM and discusses metrics for evaluating different modulation schemes.
This slide describe the techniques of digital modulation and Bandwidth Efficiency:
The first null bandwidth of M-ary PSK signals decrease as M increases while Rb is held constant.
Therefore, as the value of M increases, the bandwidth efficiency also increases.
SSBSC Single Side Band - Suppressed Carrier CompressedArijitDhali
This PowerPoint presentation is all about the definition of SSBSC or Single Side Band Suppressed Carrier. It consists of rich visuals along with the technique of modulation. Also a simplified version of derived expressions help the student to understand more about the topic. Moreover its suitable for students aiming for electronics and communication engineering.
Comparative Study and Performance Analysis of different Modulation Techniques...Souvik Das
Make a comparative study and performance analysis of different modulation
techniques which shows graphically and comparatively results like Bandwidth,
Energy and Power Efficiency of AM, DSB-SC, SSB and SSB-SC
This document provides an overview of amplitude modulation (AM) systems. It discusses why modulation is used, describes the basic AM process of varying a carrier's amplitude based on a message signal, and presents the mathematical representation of an AM wave. It also covers generation and demodulation of AM signals, including full-carrier AM in the time and frequency domains, bandwidth, power relationships, and suppression of the carrier to create double-sideband suppressed-carrier or single-sideband signals. Demodulation techniques like envelope detection and product detection are also summarized.
This document discusses various amplitude modulation techniques including DSBSC, SSB, and VSB modulation. It provides explanations of how to generate DSBSC waves using balanced modulators and ring modulators. It also describes coherent detection of DSBSC waves using synchronous detection and Costas loops. Methods for generating SSB signals using frequency and phase discrimination are outlined. VSB modulation is also introduced along with comparisons of different AM techniques. Limitations of standard AM are discussed and how more advanced modulation methods aim to overcome these limitations.
Analog modulation involves representing analog information as an analog signal. It is needed when the transmission medium is bandpass in nature or only a bandpass channel is available. There are three main types of analog modulation: amplitude modulation (AM), which changes the amplitude of the carrier signal; frequency modulation (FM), which changes the frequency; and phase modulation (PM), which changes the phase. AM encodes the modulating signal as variations in the envelope of the carrier signal. This results in a spectrum with the carrier frequency flanked by upper and lower sidebands. The bandwidth required is twice that of the modulating signal.
Communication Theory-1 Project || Single Side Band Modulation using Filtering...rameshreddybattini
Communication Theory-1 Project || Single Side Band Modulation using Filtering Method and Synchronous Demodulation in the Presence of Noise || Using Matlab Code
Modulation is the process of putting information onto a high frequency carrier wave for transmission. The key reasons for modulation are:
- To allow for frequency division multiplexing and support multiple transmissions via a single channel.
- For practicality, as transmitting very low frequencies would require antennas with miles in wavelength.
There are different types of modulation including analogue modulation (AM, FM, PM), pulse modulation, and digital modulation. Amplitude modulation (AM) varies the amplitude of the carrier wave and produces sidebands at sums and differences of the carrier and modulating frequencies. Double sideband suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) modulation suppresses the carrier wave to improve power efficiency but requires a complex receiver for demodulation.
Digital modulation techniques change aspects of a carrier signal to transmit information. This document discusses various digital modulation methods including:
- Amplitude modulation (AM) which varies the amplitude (A) of the carrier.
- Frequency modulation (FM) which varies the frequency (ω) of the carrier.
- Phase modulation (PM) which varies the phase (φ) of the carrier.
It then discusses specific modulation techniques including amplitude shift keying (ASK), frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK) and their variants like quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). The document provides illustrations of the modulated signals and discusses their bandwidth efficiency and performance in noise.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
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3. Practical demonstrations
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Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
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3. DEFINITION:
• DSB-SC is an amplitude modulated wave transmission scheme in which
only sidebands are transmitted and the carrier is not transmitted as it
gets suppressed. DSB-SC is an acronym
for Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier.
5. CONTINUE
• observing the figure, we can say that a product modulator generates a DSB-SC
signal.
• The signal is obtained by the multiplication of baseband signal x(t) with carrier
signal cos ωct
6. FREQUENCY SHIFTING PROPERTY OF FOURIER
TRANSFORM-
From the above equation, it is clear
that only 2 components are present
in the spectrum. These two are the
two sidebands that are placed
at +ωc and -ωc.
7. MATHEMATICAL EXPRESSION
• In order to get an exact an idea about the suppression of carrier in DSB-SC
system.
• Consider the baseband or modulating signal,
• x(t) = Ax cos (2πfxt)
• and the carrier signal,
• c(t) = Ac cos (2πfct)
8. CONTINUE
The mathematical representation of the signal at the output of the product modulator is
given as-
s(t) = x(t).c(t)
Further,
The maximum frequency is fc + fx
The minimum frequency is fc – fx
9. ADVANTAGES
• of DSB-SC modulation
1.It provides 100% modulation efficiency.
2.Due to suppression of carrier, it consumes less power.
3.It provides a larger bandwidth.
10. DISADVANTAGES
• of DSB-SC modulation
1.It involves a complex detection process.
2.Using this technique it is sometimes difficult to recover the signal at the receiver.
3.It is an expensive technique when it comes to demodulation of the sign
11. APPLICATIONS OF DSB-SC MODULATION
1.During the transmission of binary data, DSB-SC system is used in phase shift
keying methods.
2.In order to transmit 2 channel stereo signals, DSB signals are used in Television
and FM broadcasting.
• DSB-SC technique allows us to have a transmission that reduces overall power
consumption rate, thereby ensuring a stronger signal at the output.