Distance education has a history of over 100 years. It allows for independent study and self-directed learning through various technologies. The key aspects of distance education include the separation of teacher and learner during instruction, the use of educational media to deliver course content, and two-way communication between instructors and students. Distance education programs in India aim to provide higher education opportunities to more learners and help working professionals continue their studies. They deliver content through various technologies including print, audio/video, television, radio, and computer-based methods.

1. Distance Education
PreparedBy :
SONDARVA AGNES
M.sc.(Agri) Extension
1st semester
BACA, AAU, Anand

2. INTRODUCTION
 Distance education has a history of 100 years in UK, it initiation
in India was made in the year 1964, with the recommendation of Kothari
D.S.for establishment of Directorate of Distance Education in Delhi
University .
 Distance education has been a way of learning for countless individuals
for more than a hundred years.it is a general concept with its roots in adult
education ;embracing independent study , self directed learning, ,as well as non-
traditional and open education throughout the history of distance education
learning at distance has been made possible through the use of technology,
starting with print and transportation as in correspondence education and later
with electronic communication as in educational radio ,instructional television
and web based education. The field of study also includes radio ,television
,telecommunication satellites, cabal television and the internet for teaching and
learning as the 20th century evolved.

3. Basic Definition of Distance Education
• A form of Adult Education
• Teacher and learner are separate
During the majority of the instruction.

4. Expanded Definition
 The separation of teacher and learner during at least a
majority of the instructional process
 The influence of an educational organization, including
the provision of student evaluation
 The use of educational media to unite teacher and
learner and carry course content
 The provision of two-way communication between
teacher, tutor, or educational agency and learner

5. OBJECTIVE S OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
 To provide an efficient and less expensive method of
educational instruction at a higher level in context of national
development in india.
 To provide facilities to pursue higher education to all qualified
and willing persons who had failed to join regular university
courses due to personnel and economical reasons or because of
their inability to get admission to regular college
 To provide opportunities of academic pursuits to educated
citizens through disturbing their present employment.

6. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
 Lecture script
 Electronic media,
• Radio,
• Television,
• Audio and video cassette
• Computer,
• Satellite

7. HOW IS DISTANCE EDUCATION
DELIVERED?
A wide range of technological options are available to
the distance educator. They fall into four major
categories:
 Voice
 Video
 Data
It includes 1)Computer Assisted Instruction(CAI)
2)Computer Managed Instruction(CMI)
3)Computer Mediated Education(CME)
 Print

8. KEY PLAYERS IN DISTANCE EDUCATION
1. Students
2. Faculty
3. Facilitators
4. Support staff
5. Administrators

9. ROLE OF DISTANCE EDUCATION IN
AGRICULTURE
 To promote self employment opportunities to the
unemployed youth and women in agriculture and
allied enterprises through variety of DE courses.
 To enable the agriculture extension functionaries to
update their knowledge on modern agriculture
technologies.
 To improve the capacity building of rural masses
through online delivery and electronic support for
updating agriculture and above all.
 To improve academic performance of students in
villages as well as other places.

10. GROWTH OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
IN INDIA
At present there are 12 open universities in india.prominent
with regional open universities status in various states are
as follows
1. IGMOU,nasik,Maharashtra,1989
2. KOU,kota,1987
3. NOU,Nalanda,patna,bihar,1987
4. BAOU,ahmedabad,gujrat,1994
5. MPBOU,Bhopal,M.P.,1991

11. DISTANCE AGRICULTURE EDUCATION
PROGRAMMES
A few open universities are offering education programmes related to agriculture
leading to various degrees.
 1)Certificate course in gardening
 2)foundation in agriculture sciences
 3)Diploma in fruit production
 4)Diploma in vegetable production
 5)Diploma in floriculture and landscape gardening
 6)Diploma in ABM
 7)Bechelors of science in agriculture and horticulture

12. Distance Educations Barriers
 Dispositional: Preference for traditional classroom
 Situational: Cost and lack of time
 Institutional: Lack of support and information, red
tape and prerequisites