The document discusses influenza (flu) and its characteristics. It describes how the flu virus mutates annually to evade immunity, but every 30 years or so a major "shift" occurs that causes a pandemic. Symptoms of the flu include fever, aches, cough and tiredness. The best prevention is an annual flu vaccine, as the virus changes each year. Type 1 diabetes is also summarized, where the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Its treatment requires insulin injections and managing diet and activity levels. While there is no cure for either condition, vaccination and healthy habits can help prevent their spread.

1. By: Francesca Reid

3. Every year the virus influenza (flu) changes its appearance
to trick the body's immune system. sometimes the flu will
copy one of the a pervious form, the people who were
infected with it the first time will be immune to it the second
time. Every 30 odd years there is a big change that can
cause panic, this is called a shift.
Influenza is transmitted from person to person through
sneezing and coughing. When a person breathes in the
virus they become infected. The person infected will feel
the symptoms from 1-3 days later.

4. Symptoms
some symptoms of influenza:
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Shivering
Aching in arms, legs and back
Headache
Aching eyes
A sore or dry throat
Cough
Running nose
Vomiting
Upset stomach
Diarrhoea
Tired and weak
Treatment
the treatment for a flu shot
is a vaccination. It is
important that you are
vaccinated frequently
because it is constantly
changing itself.
The vaccination is made out
of a dead pathogen and is
injected to help the white
blood cells create more
antibodies to fight off the
disease.

5. Prevention
there is no cure for influenza for it
is always changing to fool the
body's defences. Sometimes the
flu shots will not always work, but
it is still a good idea to have a
vaccination.
However ways to prevent getting
the flu is:
 Try to avoid close contact to
infected people
 Avoid touching eyes, nose or
mouth
 Practice good health habits
 Wash hands often
Incidence
time: the most common time for a flu is
at the beginning of winter in the colder
months
Place: Influenza spreads widely across
the globe with outbreaks somewhere in
the world at any given time. The
location of the world's most
concentrated number of cases can vary
year to year.
Age: the first recording of a major
influenza was in 542 AD and it was the
plague of Justinina, but influenza would
have been around for hundreds of
years.

8. Type 1 diabetes is when the body does not produce
insulin, which is needed to absorb glucose from the blood.
This is due to destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in
the pancreas, the immune system attacks and destroys
them, when it should be protecting the body from any
harmful viruses and bacteria but instead it attacks the
body's own cells. It is more likely to get type 1 diabetes
when you are above the age of 40. Diabetes can also be
caused from hereditarily problems.

9. Symptoms
Treatment
the treatment for type 1
diabetes is injecting insulin
into your blood stream
multiple times a day. it also
includes a strict diet and
planned physical activity
along with blood glucose
testing a number of times a
day.

10. Prevention
there is currently no cure for diabetes
and it is very hard to prevent getting
type 1 diabetes. But some risk factors
that could contribute to diabetes is:
• Being over 40
• Have a close relative with diabetes
• Having gestational diabetes when
pregnant
• Having pre diabetes
• Having heart disease or having had
a stroke
• Being overweight
• Smoking
• Doing little physical activity
• Having high blood pressure
Incidence
time: all year round
Place: it is more likely to get
diabetes if you are
aboriginal or Torres strait
islander. Also if you are from
Asian, Middle east, North
African or Southern
European descent.

12. -
Family health history
www.diabeteswa.com.au
www.phlex.org
www.diabetes.co.uk
www.medicalnewstoday.com
www.flu.gov