The document discusses direct diesel injection (DDI) and indirect diesel injection systems. It provides details on the operation of direct injection, including injecting fuel directly into the cylinder under pressure. Direct injection allows for better fuel atomization and combustion control compared to indirect injection. Some benefits of direct injection engines include lower emissions, higher efficiency, and reduced fuel consumption.

1. By Guided By
Nishikant Bawiskar V.A. Kulkarni

2.  Direct Diesel Injection.
 Indirect Diesel Injection.

3. FIGURE 4–3 An indirect injection diesel engine
uses a prechamber and a glow plug.
 Indirect Injection
Begins In Pre
Combustion Chamber.
 Initial Combustion
Takes Place There.
 Slow The Rate And
Reduce Noise.
 Glow Plug Are Needed
To Provide Heat.

4. FIGURE 4–4 A direct injection diesel engine
injects the fuel directly into the combustion
chamber. Many designs do not use a glow plug.
 Directly Injected Into
Cylinder.
 The Piston Has
Chamber Built In It.
More Reliable Than
Indirect Injection.
 More Noisy Than
Indirect.

5.  Diesel Directly Supplied to Cylinder.
Injectors Exposed To Heat And Pressure.
 The Piston Has Chamber Built In It.
 The Entire Intake Is Dry, Makes This A
very Clean System.

6.  Ignition occurs in a diesel engine by
injecting fuel into the air charge, which has
been heated by compression to a
temperature greater than the ignition point
of the fuel or about 1000°F (538°C).

7.  System Prototype Was Developed In 1960
By Robert Huber.
 Technology Was Developed By Dr. Marco
Ganser In 1995.
 Dr. Shohei Itoch Developed The Direct
Diesel Injection System.

8.  The DDis Engine Was First Mounted On
Hino Rising Ranger Truck.
 Denso Claims The First Commercial High
Pressure Direct Diesel System In 1995.

9.  Solenoid Or Piezoelectric Valves Make
Possible Fine Electronic Control Over The
Fuel Injection Time And Quantity.
 It Provides Better Fuel Atomization.
 In Order To Reduce Engine Noise, Engine’s
ECU Can Inject Small Amount Of Just
Before The main Injection.

10.  This Reducing Its Explosiveness And
Vibrations.
As Well As It Optimize injecting Timing And
For Variations In Fuel Quality.
 DDis Engine Require Very Short (<10
Seconds) Or No Heating Time.

11.  Nozzle Is Open And Closed With Needle
Valve, Operated With Solenoid.
 When Solenoid Is Not Activated , The Spring
Forces The Needle Valve Into Nozzle Passage
And Prevents Injection.
 The Solenoid Lifts the Needle valve From
Cylinder Seat , And Fuel Under Pressure Is
Sent In The Engine Cylinder.
 The Third Generation engines use
Piezoelectric Injector For Increased Precision.

13.  Low Emission.
 High Fuel Efficiency.
 The Engine Is Smooth And Responsive.
 Lower Fuel Consumption-20%.
 High Volumetric Efficiency.

14.  Pressure Rise Can Be Very High.
 Knocking At High Injection Pressure.
High quality Fuel Required.
 More Noise than Indirect Injection.

15.  Used In Marine And Locomotives
Machines.
 Used In All Types Of Road Cars With Diesel
Engines.
Also Used In Stationary Engines.

16.  Ashok Leyland- CRS Engines In U Truck And E4
Busses.
 BMW- D Engines.
Daimler- CDI And CRD Engines.
Fiat- JTD, Multijet, TiD, Ttid, Ddis.
 Mitsubishi- DI-D.

18.  1.3 Litre DDis Technology.
 Maximum Power Of 75 HP.
 Fuel Consumption Is 67.3 mpg.
 Acquires 0-62 mph In 12.7 Seconds.