This document compares and contrasts Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. It discusses that Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas cannot produce insulin, while Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough. It outlines key differences in symptoms, onset, affected groups, treatment, and other factors between the two types of diabetes.

1. Type 1 Diabetes vs Type 2 Diabetes
•
--------- Aneek Gupta

2. Definition
• Type 1 Diabetes
Beta cells in pancreas are being
attacked by body's own cells
and therefore can't produce
insulin to take sugar out of the
blood stream. Insulin is not
produced.
• Type 2 Diabetes
Diet related insulin release is so
large and frequent that
receptor cells have become less
sensitive to the insulin. This
insulin resistance results in less
sugar being removed from the
blood.

3. Diagnosis
• Type 1 Diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes
Genetic, environmental and auto- Genetic, obesity (central
immune factors, idiopathic
adipose), physical inactivity,
high/low birth weight, GDM,
poor placental growth,
metabolic syndrome

4. Warning Signs
• Type 1 Diabetes
Increased thirst & urination,
constant hunger, weight loss,
blurred vision and extreme
tiredness, glycouria
• Type 2 Diabetes
Feeling tired or ill, frequent
urination (especially at night),
unusual thirst, weight loss,
blurred vision, frequent
infections and slow wound
healing, asymptomatic

5. Onset
• Type 1 Diabetes
Rapid (weeks) - often present
acutely with ketoacidosis
• Type 2 Diabetes
Slow (years)

6. Commonly Afflicted Groups
• Type 1 Diabetes
Children/teens
• Type 2 Diabetes
Adults, elderly, certain ethnic
groups

7. Prone Ethnic Groups
• Type 1 Diabetes
All
• Type 2 Diabetes
More Common In African
American, Latino/Hispanic,
Native American, Asian Or
Pacific Islander

8. Bodily Effects
• Type 1 Diabetes
Believed to be triggered
autoimmune destruction of the
beta cells; autoimmune attack
may occur following a viral
infection such as mumps,
rubells cytomegalovirus
• Type 2 Diabetes
Appears to be related to aging,
sedentary life-style, genetic
influence, but mostly obesity

9. Common physical attributes found
• Type 1 Diabetes
Mostly Normal or Thin
• Type 2 Diabetes
Mostly Overweight or Obese

10. You have this when
• Type 1 Diabetes
Your body makes too little or no
insulin.
• Type 2 Diabetes
Your body can still produce
insulin but does not use it
properly (insulin resistance)

11. Estimated percentage of
occurance
• Type 1 Diabetes
5% -10% of the 171 million of
people affected by diabetes in
2000
• Type 2 Diabetes
90% - 95%-of total cases.
Although the projected number
of Americans that will have type
II diabetes in the year 2030 will
double from 171 million to 366
million cases

12. Affected age group
• Type 1 Diabetes
Between 5 - 25 (maximum
numbers in this age group; Type
1 can affect at any age)
• Type 2 Diabetes
Until recently, the only type of
diabetes that was common in
children was Type 1 diabetes,
most children who have Type 2
diabetes have a family history
of diabetes, are overweight,
and are not very physically
active. Usually develops around
puberty

13. Glucose Channels / Receptors
• Type 1 Diabetes
None
• Type 2 Diabetes
There is no cure for type 2
diabetes, although sometimes
gastric surgery and/or
lifestyle/medication treatment
can result in remission. Physical
exercise, healthy loss of weight
& diet control are advised

14. Treatment
• Type 1 Diabetes
Insulin Injections, dietary plan,
regular check up of blood sugar
levels, daily exercise Goals:
optimal glucose, prevent/treat
chronic complications, enhance
health with food/PA, individual
nutrition needs
• Type 2 Diabetes
Diet, exercise, weight loss, and in
many cases medication.
Insulin Injections may also be
used, SMBG {Self Monitoring of
Blood Glucose}

15. Thanks