This document discusses diabetes, including its types, symptoms, causes, prevention, and facts. Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar due to either lack of insulin production or cells not responding properly to insulin. The main types are type 1, caused by destruction of insulin-producing cells, and type 2, often related to lifestyle. Symptoms include frequent urination, thirst, fatigue, and hunger. Prevention focuses on healthy eating, physical activity, and weight control. Complications can be reduced through proper treatment and control of blood glucose levels.

1. DIABET
ESBY:SARANYA

2. CONTENTS
▪ INTRODUCTION
▪ DIABETES
▪ TYPES OF
DIABETES
▪ SYMPTOMS
▪ CAUSES
▪ PREVENTION
▪ FACTS

3. INTRODUCTION
▪Diabetes can strike anyone, from any walk of
life.
▪Worldwide, it afflicts more than 380 million
people. Today, diabetes takes more lives than
AIDS and breast cancer combined. It is a
leading cause of blindness, kidney failure,
amputations, heart failure and stroke. Living
with diabetes places an enormous emotional,
physical and financial burden on the entire

4. CONTINUATION
▪When you eat, your body turns food into
sugars, or glucose. At that point, your
pancreas is supposed to release insulin.
▪Insulin serves as a “key” to open your
cells, to allow the glucose to enter and
allow you to use the glucose for energy.
▪But with diabetes, this system does not
work.

5. BUT WHAT
EXACTLY IS
DIABETES???

6. DIABETES
▪WELL, Diabetes, often referred to by doctors
as diabetes mellitus, describes a group of
metabolic diseases in which the person has
high blood sugar.
▪Either because insulin production is scarce,
or because the body's cells do not respond
properly to insulin, or both.
▪Patients with high blood sugar will typically

7. TYPES OF DIABETES
▪ There are two types of diabetes:Type 1 and Type 2.
▪ Type 1 diabetes ,accounts for 5 to 10 out of 100 people
who have diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, the body's
immune system destroys the cells that release insulin,
eventually eliminating insulin production from the body.
Without insulin, cells cannot absorb sugar ,which they
need to produce energy.
▪ Type 2 diabetes can develop at any age. It most
commonly becomes apparent during adulthood. Type 2
diabetes accounts for the vast majority of people who

8. HOW ARE THEY DIFFERENT?

9. SYMPTOMS
▪A condition known as prediabetes that often
leads to type 2 diabetes also produces no
symptoms. Type 2 diabetes and its
symptoms develop slowly.
▪Type 1 diabetes can go unnoticed but is less
likely to do so. The most common symptoms
are related to hyperglycemia (high blood
sugar levels), especially the classic
symptoms of diabetes: frequent urination
and thirst. Fatigue related to dehydration
and eating problems can also be related to

11. CAUSES
▪Other Genetic Diseases.
▪ Diabetes occurs in people with Down syndrome, Klinefelter
syndrome, and Turner syndrome at higher rates than the
general population.
▪Damage to or Removal of the Pancreas.
▪ Pancreatitis, cancer, and trauma can all harm the pancreatic
beta cells or impair insulin production, thus causing diabetes.
If the damaged pancreas is removed, diabetes will occur due
to the loss of the beta cells.
▪Lipodystrophy

13. CONTINUATION
▪Frequent
urination
▪Disproportionate
thirst
▪Weight gain
▪Intense hunger
▪Unusual weight
loss

14. PREVENTION
▪Type 1 diabetes can't be prevented.
However, the same healthy lifestyle
choices that help treat prediabetes,
type 2 diabetes and gestational
diabetes can also help prevent them:
▪Eat healthy foods.
▪Get more physical activities.
▪Lose excess pounds.

17. DIABETES
PREVENTIO
N LOGO

19. ▪About one third of all people with diabetes do
not know they have the disease.
▪Type 2 diabetes often does not have any
symptoms.
▪Only about five percent of all people with
diabetes have type 1 diabetes.
▪If you are at risk, type 2 diabetes can be
prevented with moderate weight loss (10–15
pounds) and 30 minutes of moderate physical
activity (such as brisk walking) each day.

20. ▪Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness in
working-age adults.
▪People with diabetes are twice as likely to
develop heart disease than someone without
diabetes.
▪Good control of diabetes significantly reduces
the risk of developing complications and
prevents complications from getting worse.
▪Bariatric surgery can reduce the symptoms of
diabetes in obese people.

21. CONCLUSION
▪ Diabetes is a slow killer with no known curable
treatments. However, its complications can be reduced
through proper awareness and timely treatment.
▪ Three major complications are related to blindness,
kidney damage and heart attack. It is important to keep
the blood glucose levels of patients under strict control
for avoiding the complications.
▪ One of the difficulties with tight control of glucose levels
in the blood is that such attempts may lead to
hypoglycemia that creates much severe complications
than an increased level of blood glucose.