Design analysis of the roll cage for all terrain vehicleeSAT Journals
Abstract We have tried to design an all terrain vehicle that meets international standards and is also cost effective at the same time. We have focused on every point of roll cage to improve the performance of vehicle without failure of roll cage. We began the task of designing by conducting extensive research of ATV roll cage through finite element analysis. A roll cage is a skeleton of an ATV. The roll cage not only forms the structural base but also a 3-D shell surrounding the occupant which protects the occupant in case of impact and roll over incidents. The roll cage also adds to the aesthetics of a vehicle. The design and development comprises of material selection, chassis and frame design, cross section determination, determining strength requirements of roll cage, stress analysis and simulations to test the ATV against failure. Keywords: Roll cage, material, finite element analysis, strength
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Design analysis of the roll cage for all terrain vehicleeSAT Journals
Abstract We have tried to design an all terrain vehicle that meets international standards and is also cost effective at the same time. We have focused on every point of roll cage to improve the performance of vehicle without failure of roll cage. We began the task of designing by conducting extensive research of ATV roll cage through finite element analysis. A roll cage is a skeleton of an ATV. The roll cage not only forms the structural base but also a 3-D shell surrounding the occupant which protects the occupant in case of impact and roll over incidents. The roll cage also adds to the aesthetics of a vehicle. The design and development comprises of material selection, chassis and frame design, cross section determination, determining strength requirements of roll cage, stress analysis and simulations to test the ATV against failure. Keywords: Roll cage, material, finite element analysis, strength
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Design and Optimisation of Sae Mini Baja ChassisIJERA Editor
The objective is to design and develop the roll cage for All - Terrain Vehicle accordance with the rulebook of BAJA 2014 given by SAE. The frame of the SAE Baja vehicle needs to be lightweight and structurally sound to be competitive but still protect the driver. The vehicle needs to traverse all types of off-road conditions including large rocks, downed logs, mud holes, steep inclines, jumps and off camber turns. During the competition events there is significant risk of rollovers, falling from steep ledges, collisions with stationary objects, or impacts from other vehicles. Material for the roll cage is selected based on strength and availability. A software model is prepared in Pro-engineer. Later the design is tested against all modes of failure by conducting various simulations and stress analysis with the aid of ANSYS 13. Based on the result obtained from these tests the design is modified accordingly. A target of 2 is set for Yield Factor of Safety.
Nonlinear static simulation of automotive bumper of a passenger car in low sp...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bumpers are important structural components of vehicles in terms of safety, static strength, and styling. This work describes various aspects of the nonlinear static FEA of vehicle front bumpers using the commercial software Ls-Dyna, and the correlation with physical tests. The basic concepts, procedures and techniques of nonlinear FEA are presented. The effects of various aspects of nonlinear simulations like numerical integration, contact parameters, non-conformance of the mesh and material law are studied. A nodally integrated element formulation for plates is proposed for analysis, and the formulation is implemented in Ls-Dyna using the UEL user subroutine. Numerical tests are carried out on the new element. Suggestions are proposed in simulation to improve the correlation of CAE results with physical test. Keywords: CATIA V5, HYPERMESH v11, EPS, Ls-Dyna, ASTM D880.
Design and analysis of an electric karteSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis of an electric motor powered kart. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the usage of organic fuel powered vehicles and to design a vehicle which works efficiently in the emerging electric vehicle sector. In order to maintain the speed levels of the kart, seamless decision was made in motor selection. Alternate materials have been applied in the kart to reduce both static and dynamic forces in pursuance of improving the efficiency and performance of the kart. Detailed design of subsystems like chassis frame, steering system, electrical power train and braking mechanism has been done effectively. The main focus of the frame design was on the stability of the kart and safety of the driver. The CAD model of the kart was done in CREO 2.0. Aluminium alloy 6063 has been employed for the frame to reduce the overall weight. To check the feasibility of the frame design, finite element analysis has been done using ANSYS 14.5. The results obtained showed that the frame design was safe under maximal impact load conditions. Weight reduction was a major concern and hence linkage type steering was selected for the kart. Motor, the heart of the electric vehicle was selected and installed in such a way that it can perform well for an extended run time. PMDC motor was selected in this case. Speed control of the kart was done using a voltage controller. The kart is provided with a timing belt drive to achieve maximum efficiency in transmission of power from the motor to the wheels. Hydraulic disc brakes were provided for smooth and effective braking under both dry and wet conditions. Slick tires are used to provide more traction. Design calculations were carried out and optimum results were obtained. An extensive market survey was also done on frame material, brakes, motor, transmission system for cost and availability. International standards were followed throughout the design process. Keywords: Stability, Frame, Finite Element Analysis, PMDC Motor, Timing belt
Development and validation of chassis mounted platform design for heavy vehic...Dr.Vikas Deulgaonkar
Hand calculations, finite element (FE) analysis and experimental validation of chassis mounted platform design for defence and commercial off-road vehicles have been attempted in this work. The work was commenced with the thorough study of platform configuration, loading pattern, platform mount location & configuration on the vehicle chassis and relevant vehicle characteristics. Calculation of section modulus, shear force and bending moment of various structural members under specified loading has been carried out before proceeding with the FE modeling and analysis of platform. FE model of the chassis mounted platform has been made using shell elements and the boundary conditions have been imposed based on the loading pattern with an assumption of rigid vehicle chassis. Static and gradient analyses of the platform have been carried out for full scale and reduced scale prototype FE models. Experimental strain measurement at critical locations under different static and gradient loads has been carried out for design validation of chassis mounted platform using the scaled prototype. Close correlation has been found between the experimental stress values and FE stress analysis results for static and gradient load conditions. From the entire load tests conducted, it is observed that the strain values in rear portion are less as compared with those in front and mid portions of the platform in-spite of the rear overhang provision.
Design and Optimisation of Sae Mini Baja ChassisIJERA Editor
The objective is to design and develop the roll cage for All - Terrain Vehicle accordance with the rulebook of BAJA 2014 given by SAE. The frame of the SAE Baja vehicle needs to be lightweight and structurally sound to be competitive but still protect the driver. The vehicle needs to traverse all types of off-road conditions including large rocks, downed logs, mud holes, steep inclines, jumps and off camber turns. During the competition events there is significant risk of rollovers, falling from steep ledges, collisions with stationary objects, or impacts from other vehicles. Material for the roll cage is selected based on strength and availability. A software model is prepared in Pro-engineer. Later the design is tested against all modes of failure by conducting various simulations and stress analysis with the aid of ANSYS 13. Based on the result obtained from these tests the design is modified accordingly. A target of 2 is set for Yield Factor of Safety.
Nonlinear static simulation of automotive bumper of a passenger car in low sp...eSAT Journals
Abstract Bumpers are important structural components of vehicles in terms of safety, static strength, and styling. This work describes various aspects of the nonlinear static FEA of vehicle front bumpers using the commercial software Ls-Dyna, and the correlation with physical tests. The basic concepts, procedures and techniques of nonlinear FEA are presented. The effects of various aspects of nonlinear simulations like numerical integration, contact parameters, non-conformance of the mesh and material law are studied. A nodally integrated element formulation for plates is proposed for analysis, and the formulation is implemented in Ls-Dyna using the UEL user subroutine. Numerical tests are carried out on the new element. Suggestions are proposed in simulation to improve the correlation of CAE results with physical test. Keywords: CATIA V5, HYPERMESH v11, EPS, Ls-Dyna, ASTM D880.
Design and analysis of an electric karteSAT Journals
Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis of an electric motor powered kart. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the usage of organic fuel powered vehicles and to design a vehicle which works efficiently in the emerging electric vehicle sector. In order to maintain the speed levels of the kart, seamless decision was made in motor selection. Alternate materials have been applied in the kart to reduce both static and dynamic forces in pursuance of improving the efficiency and performance of the kart. Detailed design of subsystems like chassis frame, steering system, electrical power train and braking mechanism has been done effectively. The main focus of the frame design was on the stability of the kart and safety of the driver. The CAD model of the kart was done in CREO 2.0. Aluminium alloy 6063 has been employed for the frame to reduce the overall weight. To check the feasibility of the frame design, finite element analysis has been done using ANSYS 14.5. The results obtained showed that the frame design was safe under maximal impact load conditions. Weight reduction was a major concern and hence linkage type steering was selected for the kart. Motor, the heart of the electric vehicle was selected and installed in such a way that it can perform well for an extended run time. PMDC motor was selected in this case. Speed control of the kart was done using a voltage controller. The kart is provided with a timing belt drive to achieve maximum efficiency in transmission of power from the motor to the wheels. Hydraulic disc brakes were provided for smooth and effective braking under both dry and wet conditions. Slick tires are used to provide more traction. Design calculations were carried out and optimum results were obtained. An extensive market survey was also done on frame material, brakes, motor, transmission system for cost and availability. International standards were followed throughout the design process. Keywords: Stability, Frame, Finite Element Analysis, PMDC Motor, Timing belt
Development and validation of chassis mounted platform design for heavy vehic...Dr.Vikas Deulgaonkar
Hand calculations, finite element (FE) analysis and experimental validation of chassis mounted platform design for defence and commercial off-road vehicles have been attempted in this work. The work was commenced with the thorough study of platform configuration, loading pattern, platform mount location & configuration on the vehicle chassis and relevant vehicle characteristics. Calculation of section modulus, shear force and bending moment of various structural members under specified loading has been carried out before proceeding with the FE modeling and analysis of platform. FE model of the chassis mounted platform has been made using shell elements and the boundary conditions have been imposed based on the loading pattern with an assumption of rigid vehicle chassis. Static and gradient analyses of the platform have been carried out for full scale and reduced scale prototype FE models. Experimental strain measurement at critical locations under different static and gradient loads has been carried out for design validation of chassis mounted platform using the scaled prototype. Close correlation has been found between the experimental stress values and FE stress analysis results for static and gradient load conditions. From the entire load tests conducted, it is observed that the strain values in rear portion are less as compared with those in front and mid portions of the platform in-spite of the rear overhang provision.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.