The document describes the design and analysis of a frame for a mobile solar power station. The goal is to develop a frame that can transport 3 kW of solar power from 11 solar panels to remote locations. The frame uses a "sunflower design" that can fold and unfold, allowing it to occupy minimal space for transport. Various frame components are modeled in SolidWorks and analyzed for stress and deformation using ANSYS. The analyses show maximum stresses below the yield strength of the selected mild steel material. The design meets targets for factors of safety above 1.2. The mobile solar power station frame could transport solar power to remote areas in need of emergency power.
IRJET- Automatic Solar Panel Cleaning SystemIRJET Journal
This document presents the design of an automatic solar panel cleaning system. Dust accumulation on solar panels reduces their power generation efficiency by up to 50% per month. The proposed system uses a cleaning unit attached to a motor that moves back and forth across the panel surface while a rotating brush cleans off dust. A battery charged by the solar panel provides power for the motor and pump. The system aims to increase energy output by 30% compared to non-cleaned panels by regularly removing dust without manual labor. It was tested and functions as designed to automatically clean roof-mounted residential solar arrays in a low-cost and easy-to-use manner.
IRJET- Static and Dynamic Analysis of Wind Energy Building under the Action o...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed static and dynamic analyses of different building designs integrated with wind turbines using ANSYS software. Five building models with different wind turbine placements were analyzed. Both static analyses to determine stress levels and dynamic analyses considering rotational velocity and seismic forces were conducted. Computational fluid dynamics analysis using FLUENT was also used to study wind forces on the buildings. The goal was to evaluate the structural behavior and feasibility of building-integrated wind turbines and determine the optimal turbine placement.
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This document describes a flywheel energy storage system that uses magnetic repulsion to generate electricity. The system consists of a flywheel coupled to a shaft that spins a synchronous generator. Neodymium magnets placed below the flywheel provide magnetic repulsion to rotate the flywheel when an external motor spins it up. The generator converts the rotational energy to electrical energy that is stored temporarily in a capacitor bank. The capacitor bank supplies energy to loads when the flywheel's rotation fades. The system aims to provide a low-cost prototype for off-grid energy storage using flywheel technology.
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This document analyzes the behavior of a transmission tower structure when subjected to various loads using finite element analysis software ANSYS. It summarizes the steps taken: 1) The tower is modeled in AutoCAD and imported to ANSYS, 2) A static analysis is performed to determine deformation due to self weight, 3) A modal analysis is conducted to determine the tower's natural frequencies and mode shapes, 4) Response spectrum analysis is used to analyze deformation from seismic loading, and 5) Static analysis with wind loads is performed. The maximum deformations from each load case are reported. The goal is to understand the tower's structural response for safe and reliable design.
Design, Analysis and Manufarturing of New Technology Solar CarIRJET Journal
This document describes the design, analysis, and manufacturing of a new solar car. Key features include the use of solar panels, a self-power generation system, thermo-electric power generation, and an aerodynamic design to improve efficiency. The vehicle's solar panels can slide outwards to increase surface area for charging and slide inwards to reduce drag while driving. An innovative frame structure is designed to withstand various stresses. The car aims to provide eco-friendly transportation using solar energy and alternate power sources to run the vehicle when solar power is unavailable.
Design and Fabrication of Bladeless Wind Power GenerationIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a bladeless wind turbine. Some key issues with traditional wind turbines include high costs, large space requirements, and safety issues. The proposed design aims to address these by using a mast that vibrates at its resonant frequency when struck by wind, without any blades. Piezoelectric sensors convert the vibrations into electric current. Computational fluid dynamics simulations show that wind speeds of 40m/s will exert enough force on the mast to cause vibration. The design offers advantages like lower costs, ability to operate at lower wind speeds, reduced maintenance needs, and improved safety.
IRJET- Automatic Solar Panel Cleaning SystemIRJET Journal
This document presents the design of an automatic solar panel cleaning system. Dust accumulation on solar panels reduces their power generation efficiency by up to 50% per month. The proposed system uses a cleaning unit attached to a motor that moves back and forth across the panel surface while a rotating brush cleans off dust. A battery charged by the solar panel provides power for the motor and pump. The system aims to increase energy output by 30% compared to non-cleaned panels by regularly removing dust without manual labor. It was tested and functions as designed to automatically clean roof-mounted residential solar arrays in a low-cost and easy-to-use manner.
IRJET- Static and Dynamic Analysis of Wind Energy Building under the Action o...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that performed static and dynamic analyses of different building designs integrated with wind turbines using ANSYS software. Five building models with different wind turbine placements were analyzed. Both static analyses to determine stress levels and dynamic analyses considering rotational velocity and seismic forces were conducted. Computational fluid dynamics analysis using FLUENT was also used to study wind forces on the buildings. The goal was to evaluate the structural behavior and feasibility of building-integrated wind turbines and determine the optimal turbine placement.
IRJET- Experimental Parametric Study of Diagrid Structure under Seismic ForcesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on the seismic performance of a four-story steel diagrid structure model subjected to harmonic base motions using a horizontal shake table. The steel diagrid model is placed on the shake table and tested at motor RPMs of 200, 250, and 300 to simulate seismic forces. Accelerations are measured at each floor and graphs of the seismic response are obtained. The results show that floor accelerations and displacements increase from the first to fourth floors. It is concluded that steel diagrid structures demonstrate good seismic performance and resistance to earthquake forces compared to conventional structures due to their diagonal bracing pattern.
IRJET- Energy Generation from Flywheel using MagnetIRJET Journal
This document describes a flywheel energy storage system that uses magnetic repulsion to generate electricity. The system consists of a flywheel coupled to a shaft that spins a synchronous generator. Neodymium magnets placed below the flywheel provide magnetic repulsion to rotate the flywheel when an external motor spins it up. The generator converts the rotational energy to electrical energy that is stored temporarily in a capacitor bank. The capacitor bank supplies energy to loads when the flywheel's rotation fades. The system aims to provide a low-cost prototype for off-grid energy storage using flywheel technology.
IRJET- Analysis of Transmission Tower using ANSYSIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the behavior of a transmission tower structure when subjected to various loads using finite element analysis software ANSYS. It summarizes the steps taken: 1) The tower is modeled in AutoCAD and imported to ANSYS, 2) A static analysis is performed to determine deformation due to self weight, 3) A modal analysis is conducted to determine the tower's natural frequencies and mode shapes, 4) Response spectrum analysis is used to analyze deformation from seismic loading, and 5) Static analysis with wind loads is performed. The maximum deformations from each load case are reported. The goal is to understand the tower's structural response for safe and reliable design.
Design, Analysis and Manufarturing of New Technology Solar CarIRJET Journal
This document describes the design, analysis, and manufacturing of a new solar car. Key features include the use of solar panels, a self-power generation system, thermo-electric power generation, and an aerodynamic design to improve efficiency. The vehicle's solar panels can slide outwards to increase surface area for charging and slide inwards to reduce drag while driving. An innovative frame structure is designed to withstand various stresses. The car aims to provide eco-friendly transportation using solar energy and alternate power sources to run the vehicle when solar power is unavailable.
Design and Fabrication of Bladeless Wind Power GenerationIRJET Journal
The document describes the design and fabrication of a bladeless wind turbine. Some key issues with traditional wind turbines include high costs, large space requirements, and safety issues. The proposed design aims to address these by using a mast that vibrates at its resonant frequency when struck by wind, without any blades. Piezoelectric sensors convert the vibrations into electric current. Computational fluid dynamics simulations show that wind speeds of 40m/s will exert enough force on the mast to cause vibration. The design offers advantages like lower costs, ability to operate at lower wind speeds, reduced maintenance needs, and improved safety.
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This document discusses the use of outrigger systems to reduce lateral displacement in tall buildings subjected to earthquake loads. It analyzes three 30-story building models - a regular building, and buildings with vertical irregularities on one and both sides - with and without conventional and virtual outrigger systems. Results show that outrigger systems increase building stiffness and effectively reduce storey displacement. Optimal outrigger locations provide the maximum reduction in displacement. Conventional outriggers with X-bracing perform better than virtual outriggers. Outrigger systems improve a building's ability to resist lateral loads from earthquakes.
IRJET- Power Quality Assessment of Photovoltaic SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper on assessing the power quality of a photovoltaic (solar panel) system. It begins with an abstract stating that maximum power point tracking techniques are used to optimize solar energy production. It then provides background on photovoltaic systems, including their components like solar panels, batteries, inverters, and mounting systems. The document states that photovoltaic systems have issues with low power conversion efficiency and variability due to weather, and that maximum power point tracking techniques are used to increase efficiency by maintaining the solar panels' operating point at their maximum power point.
This document describes a solar-powered weed cutting robot. It consists of a solar panel that converts solar energy to electrical energy, which charges a battery. The battery then powers a DC motor that spins cutting blades to cut grass and weeds. It is designed to reduce manual labor for gardening and lawn maintenance while being environmentally friendly by relying on solar power instead of gasoline. The document provides details on the components, working mechanism, advantages, and potential future improvements to the robot, such as making it fully solar-powered, reducing its weight, or enabling it to cut other plants and materials.
IRJET- Tracking of Wall Mounted Solar Panels with Real Time MonitoringIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a student research project that designed and implemented a wall-mounted solar panel system with real-time tracking and monitoring capabilities. The system uses a single-axis solar tracker to orient the panels towards the sun throughout the day, increasing energy generation over stationary wall-mounted panels. It also includes a portable digital meter and data logger to measure and store the current, voltage, and power output of the panels in real-time, allowing remote monitoring of the system's performance and efficiency. The project details the hardware design of the solar tracker and wall mounting system, and discusses how the real-time data collection capabilities improve operation and maintenance monitoring compared to standard multimeters.
This document presents the design of a spiral path scanner to track solar panels. It includes sections on solar energy, the need for solar tracking, and the proposed mechanical system. The system uses a main shaft that will revolve at 60 rpm, moving a tilt shaft in an outward spiral motion via gears and a cam mechanism. Diagrams show the schematic and components. Advantages include increased power generation through continuous tracking and lower energy requirements than electrical systems. Disadvantages are higher initial costs and potential hydraulic leaks.
Design of Experiments and Optimization of Grouted Connections of Wind Turbine...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that examines the design of experiments and optimization of grouted connections in steel monopile foundations for offshore wind turbines. The paper analyzes monopile foundations both with and without shear keys using finite element analysis in ANSYS. Key findings from the analysis include:
1) Boundary conditions were applied with a vertical load of 3528000N on the grout for monopiles both with and without shear keys.
2) A design of experiments approach was used to determine the effect of varying parameters on response variables. Sensitivity charts, histograms, and correlation matrices were used to analyze results.
3) Preliminary results showed preferable stresses for monopiles with shear keys compared to those without.
IRJET- Design & Analysis of Body Mounted Composite Solar Array Substrate for ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the design of a composite solar array substrate for small spacecraft applications. It aims to develop a structurally efficient substrate that can withstand launch loads while being lightweight. The proposed approach involves selecting materials, optimizing the geometry through varying the core thickness and number of reinforcement layers, and analyzing the different design options under static and dynamic loads to meet requirements like a natural frequency over 120Hz and a mass limit of 2kg. Carbon fiber reinforced plastic facesheets and aluminum honeycomb cores are selected. Various laminate configurations are considered to maximize stiffness and stability while minimizing mass.
IRJET- Effect of Core Wall on Torsional and Dynamic Behaviour of High –Rise F...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the effect of core walls on the torsional and dynamic behavior of high-rise flat slab structures. It analyzes 4 models of a 240m tall building with different structural systems using equivalent static and time history dynamic analysis. The models include a beam-slab system, flat slab system without a core wall, and flat slab systems with core walls in different locations. Results show that core walls can induce additional torsional effects and affect displacement, drift and vibration characteristics, especially with increased floor height. Therefore, additional structural elements like outriggers are necessary to limit responses in tall flat slab buildings.
Effect of Factors Influencing of Shear Resistance on the Energy Dissipation C...IRJET Journal
The document describes an experimental study on the effect of stirrup spacing on the energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete beams under cyclic loading. Three reinforced concrete beam specimens were tested with varying stirrup spacings of 50mm, 75mm, and 100mm. The results found that the specimen with the closest stirrup spacing of 50mm had the highest initial stiffness and dissipated the most energy compared to the other specimens with wider stirrup spacings.
Design of Tank Simulator for Side-Mount Support Structure for a SpacecraftIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a tank simulator for a side-mounted support structure for an Indian communications satellite (GSAT). The traditional design of mounting fuel tanks inside the central cylinder increases the satellite's length-to-diameter ratio and reduces stability. The new design moves the fuel tank to the sides of the satellite, connected via a side-mount structure. This includes a central ring, top/bottom plates, ribs, flex plates, struts, and brackets. Finite element analysis was conducted applying 8g loads horizontally and 18g vertically to simulate launch stresses. Stress and displacement results for all components were within allowable limits, validating the new tank simulator design.
Comparision of building for sesmic response by using base isolationeSAT Journals
Abstract
Throughout historic time Earthquakes are one of the natural hazards that occur due to sudden violent movement of earth’s
surface which causes damage to property, especially to man-made structures . Base isolation is one of the most powerful tools of
earthquake engineering pertaining to the passive structural vibration control technologies. The application of the base isolation
techniques to protect structures against damage from earthquake attacks has been considered as one of the most effective
approaches and has gained increasing acceptance during the last two decades. This paper present three dimensional nonlinear
time history analysis is performed on r/c building by the use of computer program SAP 2000 v12.0.0. The dynamic analysis of the
structure has been carried out and the performance of the building with and without isolator is studied. The main objective here is
to make seismic response control by providing Isolators and comparing between the fixed based and isolated base building.
Rubber bearing and Friction pendulum bearing are used
Keywords: Base Isolation; Seismic Response; Time History
Implementation of self excited induction generator (seig) with igbt based ele...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a research paper that models and simulates a self-excited induction generator (SEIG) with an electronic load controller for use in wind energy systems. The paper develops a mathematical model of the SEIG and load controller. It then simulates the system in MATLAB/Simulink under different operating conditions such as start-up, application of resistive and fault loads. The simulation results show the generator's electromagnetic torque, rotor speed, voltages and currents under these conditions. The paper concludes the SEIG is well-suited for use in small-scale wind energy projects due to its low cost and maintenance requirements.
1) The document describes a proposed Maglev Wind Turbine Generator (MWTG) that uses magnetic levitation and vertical axis wind turbines to generate electricity from wind power more efficiently than traditional horizontal axis wind turbines.
2) The MWTG aims to provide a renewable energy alternative to fossil fuels by taking advantage of lower wind speeds using vertical axis turbines and reducing noise, maintenance needs, and land usage through magnetic levitation of components.
3) The proposed design of the MWTG includes 10 acrylic blades attached to a hollow aluminum shaft that spins magnets near coils to generate electricity through the principles of electromagnetic induction, with the goal of increasing overall energy production from wind in a more efficient manner.
This document provides details on the design and fabrication of a solar powered multi-purpose weed cutting machine. The machine aims to reduce physical labor for cutting weeds using renewable solar energy as the power source. Key components include a solar panel, battery, DC motor, and cutting blades attached via a link mechanism. The machine is designed to be lightweight, easy to operate, and eco-friendly without environmental pollution. Future improvements could make it applicable for other agricultural tasks and fully solar powered.
Performance Analysis of Giromill Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with NACA 63618 A...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the performance analysis of a vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) with straight blades (called a Giromill configuration) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and experiments.
The study analyzed the effects of parameters like air velocity, angle of attack, and number of blades. The maximum power coefficients from 3D CFD simulations were 30.49% for a 4-blade design and 33.89% for a 6-blade design. Experimental testing showed maximum power coefficients of 25.11% and 27.90% respectively, indicating fair agreement with CFD results. Increasing the number of blades and airflow velocity, and decreasing the angle of attack, led to higher power coefficients in
IRJET- Solar Radiation Tracking using Pneumatic System to Increase the Effici...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed solar panel tracking system using a pneumatic circuit to increase efficiency compared to stationary panels. It would use a compressor, cylinder, valves and other pneumatic components to rotate the panels and keep them perpendicular to the sun's rays throughout the day. Calculations are shown to determine the required air pressure and forces to power the double-acting cylinder that would move the panels. The system aims to lower costs compared to existing trackers while still improving energy capture over fixed panels.
Proposal for 1kwp Roof-Top Solar PV PlantIRJET Journal
This document proposes a 1KWp solar roof-top power plant for an off-grid system in Davangere, India. It provides details on the components, specifications, and simulated performance of the system. The key components include 4 polycrystalline solar panels totaling 1KWp, a 1.5KVA off-grid inverter, 4 batteries with a total capacity of 600Ah, and supporting equipment. Simulation analysis was conducted using PVsyst software, which estimated the system would generate 4.447 KWh of energy per day to meet the daily household load of 4.065 KWh. The analysis also showed the solar irradiation levels and estimated energy output over the course of a year.
IRJET - Review on Study of Space Frame Structure SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that reviewed the study of space frame structure systems. It begins with an abstract that outlines how space frame systems have grown in popularity for constructing large structures economically. The document then reviews the basic concepts of space frame systems, including their classification, components, advantages, and applications. It also summarizes several other research papers that studied parameters like the effects of foundation settlement, different analysis and design software, composite materials for space frames, and progressive collapse resistance. The overall document provides an overview of space frame structures and a literature review of recent research on their structural behavior.
DESIGN OF POWER GENERATING SPEED BREAKERIRJET Journal
This document describes the design of a power generating speed breaker. It aims to convert the wasted kinetic energy of vehicles passing over speed breakers into electrical energy.
The system uses a rack and pinion mechanism where the speed breaker is connected to a curved rack. As vehicles pass over the speed breaker, its downward motion turns the pinion gear which is connected to other gears and a generator. This converts the mechanical motion into electrical energy.
Springs are used to return the speed breaker to its original position. The generated power can be used for street lights or other applications. Design calculations are provided for components like the spring, gears, speed breaker, and bearings. Power output calculations also show
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of Dual Axis Automated Solar Tracking SystemIRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of a dual axis automated solar tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy and the benefits of increasing solar panel efficiency. It then describes the design and testing of a prototype dual axis solar tracker, which uses light dependent resistors and servo motors to orient solar panels perpendicular to the sun throughout the day. Experimental results show that the dual axis tracker increased average solar panel voltage by 8.61% compared to a stationary system. Therefore, solar tracking systems can significantly boost solar energy harvesting efficiency.
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
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approaches and has gained increasing acceptance during the last two decades. This paper present three dimensional nonlinear
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This document describes the design of a power generating speed breaker. It aims to convert the wasted kinetic energy of vehicles passing over speed breakers into electrical energy.
The system uses a rack and pinion mechanism where the speed breaker is connected to a curved rack. As vehicles pass over the speed breaker, its downward motion turns the pinion gear which is connected to other gears and a generator. This converts the mechanical motion into electrical energy.
Springs are used to return the speed breaker to its original position. The generated power can be used for street lights or other applications. Design calculations are provided for components like the spring, gears, speed breaker, and bearings. Power output calculations also show
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of Dual Axis Automated Solar Tracking SystemIRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of a dual axis automated solar tracking system. It begins with an introduction to solar energy and the benefits of increasing solar panel efficiency. It then describes the design and testing of a prototype dual axis solar tracker, which uses light dependent resistors and servo motors to orient solar panels perpendicular to the sun throughout the day. Experimental results show that the dual axis tracker increased average solar panel voltage by 8.61% compared to a stationary system. Therefore, solar tracking systems can significantly boost solar energy harvesting efficiency.
Similar to DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FRAME FOR MOBILE SOLAR POWER STATION (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...bijceesjournal
The aquaponic system of planting is a method that does not require soil usage. It is a method that only needs water, fish, lava rocks (a substitute for soil), and plants. Aquaponic systems are sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its use not only helps to plant in small spaces but also helps reduce artificial chemical use and minimizes excess water use, as aquaponics consumes 90% less water than soil-based gardening. The study applied a descriptive and experimental design to assess and compare conventional and reconstructed aquaponic methods for reproducing tomatoes. The researchers created an observation checklist to determine the significant factors of the study. The study aims to determine the significant difference between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquaponics systems propagating tomatoes in terms of height, weight, girth, and number of fruits. The reconstructed aquaponics system’s higher growth yield results in a much more nourished crop than the traditional aquaponics system. It is superior in its number of fruits, height, weight, and girth measurement. Moreover, the reconstructed aquaponics system is proven to eliminate all the hindrances present in the traditional aquaponics system, which are overcrowding of fish, algae growth, pest problems, contaminated water, and dead fish.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.