T cells are one of the important white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response and are distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface.
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system.. B cells produce antibody molecules.
In mammals, B cells mature in the bone marrow, which is at the core of most bones. In birds, B cells mature in the bursa of Fabricus.
B cells present antigens (they are also classified as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs)) and secrete cytokines.
Difference between humoral and cell mediated immunity Dr. ihsan edan abdulkar...dr.Ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
T cells are one of the important white blood cells of the immune system and play a central role in the adaptive immune response and are distinguished from other lymphocytes by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on their cell surface.
B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system.. B cells produce antibody molecules.
In mammals, B cells mature in the bone marrow, which is at the core of most bones. In birds, B cells mature in the bursa of Fabricus.
B cells present antigens (they are also classified as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs)) and secrete cytokines.
Difference between humoral and cell mediated immunity Dr. ihsan edan abdulkar...dr.Ihsan alsaimary
Dr. ihsan edan abdulkareem alsaimary
PROFESSOR IN MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
ihsanalsaimary@gmail.com
mobile : 009647801410838
university of basrah - college of medicine - basrah -IRAQ
Humoral immunity is defined as the immunity mediated by antibodies, which are secreted by B lymphocytes.
B lymphocytes secrete the antibodies into the blood and lymph
The cells of the immune system can be categorized as lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells and NK cells), neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages. These are all types of white blood cells. The major proteins of the immune system are predominantly signaling proteins (often called cytokines), antibodies, and complement proteins.
primary,secondary immune response, immunoglobulins, antibodies, B cells, T cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes,Interleukins, cytokines, MHC complex, cell surface receptors, Vaccination
Innate (nonspecific) system responds quickly and consists of:First line of defense – intact skin and mucosae prevent entry of microorganismsSecond line of defense – antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, and other cells Inhibit spread of invaders throughout the bodyInflammation is its hallmark and most important mechanism
Adaptive (specific) defense systemThird line of defense – mounts attack against particular foreign substancesTakes longer to react than the innate systemWorks in conjunction with the innate system
Humoral immunity is defined as the immunity mediated by antibodies, which are secreted by B lymphocytes.
B lymphocytes secrete the antibodies into the blood and lymph
The cells of the immune system can be categorized as lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells and NK cells), neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages. These are all types of white blood cells. The major proteins of the immune system are predominantly signaling proteins (often called cytokines), antibodies, and complement proteins.
primary,secondary immune response, immunoglobulins, antibodies, B cells, T cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes,Interleukins, cytokines, MHC complex, cell surface receptors, Vaccination
Innate (nonspecific) system responds quickly and consists of:First line of defense – intact skin and mucosae prevent entry of microorganismsSecond line of defense – antimicrobial proteins, phagocytes, and other cells Inhibit spread of invaders throughout the bodyInflammation is its hallmark and most important mechanism
Adaptive (specific) defense systemThird line of defense – mounts attack against particular foreign substancesTakes longer to react than the innate systemWorks in conjunction with the innate system
facts of bacteria in air, microbes in air, bacteria in air, discharge of microbes in air, discharge of bacteria in air, sources of microbes in air, sources of bacteria in air
origins of plant disease, characterisitc identity of plant disease, how plant infection occurs, spread of plant disease, control of plant disease, fire blight, blight of beans, granville wilt, aster yellows, soft rot in plants
binary fisson, conjugation, transposons, transduction, transformation, plasmids, insertion sequences, dissemination of drug resistance in bacteria, genetic transfer in bacteria, theta replication, rolling circle replication
Microbial biomass in soil, measurement by chloroform fumigation incubation method, limits of measurement of microbial biomass, why microbes are important in the soil, why microbial biomass is important in the soil
Soil as Habitat for Microbes - chemical propertiesb.stev
chemical properties of soil, microbes in soil, nitrogen cycle, why microbes are in soil, facts of microbes in soil, numbers of microbes in soil, action of nutrient cycles in soil
sulphur cycle, sulphur cycle in soil, microbes in the sulphur cycle, where sulphur is derived, where sulphur comes from, Beggiatoa, Thiobacillus, Desulphovibrio, Desulphomonas, Chromatium,Chlorobium, equations of the sulphur cycle
biodeterioration, textiles biodeterioration, timber biodeterioration, fuels biodeterioration, glass biodeterioration, stone biodeterioration, concrete biodeterioration, rubber biodeterioration, metal biodeterioration, control of biodeterioration, prevention of biodeterioration
examples of biofilms, control of biofilms, microbes and biofilms, uses of biofilms, hydrocarbon degrading bacteria, sewage treatment, waste water treatment
wastewater in NZ, sewage treatment in NZ, process of wastewater in NZ, process of sewage treatment in NZ, primary secondary tertiary treatment of waste water, screening of wastewater, grit removal tanks, sedimentation, process of separation, anaerobic digestors, activated sludge, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, polishing ponds, disinfection of waste water, wetlands, irrigation, UV lamp disinfection of wastewater, chlorine disinfection of wastewater, ozone disinfection of wastewater
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
4. 2. CLASSICAL: group of proteins in the blood that triggers a specific antibody response to the pathogen 1. ALTERNATE: specific proteins bind in sequence to pathogen - initiates c a s c a d e of response enzymes secreted - enzymes attack pathogen’s cell membrane , (opens) DEATH results called: MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX one of the most useful weapons to the body (Wikipedia, 2008)
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8. PLASTER: (band-aid) covers wound PHYSICAL BARRIERS HAIR : surface area over the skin (sense) SKIN : contains the physical body within repair/ renewal – maintains barrier NAILS : protects appendage ends - wounds/ bruising CLOTHES PROTECTIVE GEAR: masks/ gloves/ suit/ shoes QUARANTINE ENVIRONMENTS BUILDINGS
9. CHEMICAL INHIBITORS stomach acid: pH 2 – unfavourable to most bacteria mucus: traps microbes & debris mucus linings: cilia : move particle(s) out for excretion via - outward direction sebum: pH 5.5 – inhibits microbial growth bile: secreted by gallbladder to the duodenum enzyme: tears/ sweat/ saliva contain, lysozyme - disrupts cell wall (digests peptidoglycan)
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11. Bibliography Kennedy. A. (1999). The inflammatory response . Retrieved October 18, 2008, from http//: www.alan.kennedy.name/crohns/primer/inflresp . htm - 11k - Wikipedia. (2008). Complement system - wikipedia,the free encyclopedia . Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http//:www. en.wikipedia. org/wiki/ Complement _system - 66k - Wikipedia. (2008). Interferon - wikipedia,the free encyclopedia . Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http//:www. en.wikipedia. org/wiki/ Interferon - 111k - Wikipedia. (2008). Inflammation - wikipedia,the free encyclopedia . Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http//:www. en.wikipedia. org/wiki/Inflammation - 130k -
12. Wikipedia. (2008). Fever - wikipedia,the free encyclopedia . Retrieved October 17, 2008, from http//:www. en.wikipedia. org/wiki/ Fever - 77k - Pommerville J.C. (2004). Alcamo’s – Fundamentals of Microbiology (7 th ed.). Massachusetts: Jones and Bartlett.
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