Deploying Windows Containers on Windows Server 2016

Deploying Docker Containers on Windows
Server 2016
@Ben_Hall
Ben@BenHall.me.uk
OcelotUproar.com / Katacoda.com

@Ben_Hall / Blog.BenHall.me.uk
Tech Support > Tester > Developer >
Founder
Software Development Studio
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Agenda
• Introduction to Docker
• Windows Containers
• Deploying IIS / ASP.NET with Containers
• Running containers in Production
• Future

https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/
Container

Own Process Space
Own Network Interface
Own Root Directories
Sandboxed
Like a lightweight VM. But it’s not a VM.

Native CPU
Native Memory
Native IO
No Pre-Allocation
No Performance Overheard

Milliseconds to launch
Still fully isolated

Docker - An open platform for distributed
applications for developers and sysadmins.

Batteries included but removable

> docker run –p 6379:6379 redis
_.-``__ ''-._
_.-`` `. `_. ''-._ Redis 3.0.3 (00000000/0) 64 bit
.-`` .-```. ```/ _.,_ ''-._
( ' , .-` | `, ) Running in standalone mode
|`-._`-...-` __...-.``-._|'` _.-'| Port: 6379
| `-._ `._ / _.-' | PID: 1
`-._ `-._ `-./ _.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' | http://redis.io
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
|`-._`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'_.-'|
| `-._`-._ _.-'_.-' |
`-._ `-._`-.__.-'_.-' _.-'
`-._ `-.__.-' _.-'
`-._ _.-'
`-.__.-'
1:M 05 Nov 10:42:24.402 # Server started, Redis version 3.0.3
1:M 05 Nov 10:42:24.402 # WARNING overcommit_memory is set to 0! Background save may fail under low memory condition.
To fix this issue add 'vm.overcommit_memory = 1' to /etc/sysctl.conf and then reboot or run the command 'sysctl
vm.overcommit_memory=1' for this to take effect.
1:M 05 Nov 10:42:24.402 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will
create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never >
/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a
reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
1:M 05 Nov 10:42:24.403 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because
/proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.
1:M 05 Nov 10:42:24.403 * The server is now ready to accept connections on port 6379

RStudio
> docker run -d -p 8787:8787 rocker/rstudio

Windows Server 2016
• Currently TP4
• TP5 is coming “very soon”
• RTM in Q3ish

Windows
Server Core
Windows
Nano
Windows
Containers
Windows
Hyper-V
Containers

Windows Containers
Windows Kernel
Windows Server 2016
SQL
Server
MSMQ
IIS /
ASP.NET
Docker Engine

Windows Hyper-V Containers
Windows Kernel
Windows Server 2016
SQL
Server
MSMQ
IIS /
ASP.NET
Windows Kernel
Windows Server 2016
Hyper-V
Docker Engine

Windows Server Core
• Nearly Win32 Compatiable
• Same behaviour of Windows
• Install all of the same tooling

Windows Nano
• Stripped down
• Smallest footprint
• 1/20th the size of Windows Server Core
• Only essential components
– Hyper-V, Clustering, Networking, Storage, .Net,
Core CLR

Windows Server Core => Ubuntu Linux
Windows Nano => Alpine Linux
Windows Server Core => Legacy Apps?
Windows Nano => Modern Apps?

Work In Progress
• https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/virtualization/windowscontainers/about/w
ork_in_progress
• eg: Windows Containers cannot be
managed/interacted with through a RDP
session in TP4.

C:> Install-WindowsFeature containers
C:> wget https://aka.ms/tp4/docker -OutFile
$env:SystemRootsystem32docker.exe
C:> start-process nssm install

Windows Linux Subsystem
• Completely unrelated
• Maybe not in the future…

What is a Windows Docker
Image?

PS C:> docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED
windowsservercore 10.0.10586.0 6801d964fda5 2 weeks ago
windowsservercore latest 6801d964fda5 2 weeks ago
nanoserver 10.0.10586.0 8572198a60f1 2 weeks ago
nanoserver latest 8572198a60f1 2 weeks ago

PS C:> docker run -it
windowsservercore cmd
C:> dir
Users Program Files Windows etc
Thank you to https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick_start/manage_docker

Building Windows based Docker
Images

--name iisbase
[iisbase] C:>
Thank you to https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-
us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick_start/manage_docker

--name iisbase
C:> powershell.exe Install-WindowsFeature web-server
C:> exit
PS C:> docker commit iisbase
windowsservercoreiis
4193c9f34e320c4e2c52ec52550df225b2243927ed21f014fbfff3f
29474b090

--name iisdemo -p 80:80
windowsservercoreiis cmd

docker commit is an anti-pattern
Use a Dockerfile

C:docker-iis> type Dockerfile
FROM windowsservercore:10.0.10586
RUN dism /online
/enable-feature
/all
/featurename:iis-webserver
/NoRestart

C:>docker build –t iis:10 c:docker-iis
C:> docker images
iis 10 as4w9c928829 9 seconds ago

C:SourceCodeApp> type Dockerfile
RUN echo "Hello World - Dockerfile" >
c:inetpubwwwrootindex.html

C:SourceCode> docker build –t app .
PS C:> docker images
app latest k23jjin423d 1 minutes ago
iis 10 as4w9c928829 9 minutes ago

PS C:> docker run –name -it -p 80:80 app cmd

PS C:> docker run –name -it -p 80:80 --
isolation=hyperv app cmd

Building Windows Nano image?
• Wait until TP5
> docker run --name iisnanobase -it -v c:share:c:iisinstall -
-isolation=hyperv nanoserver cmd
> docker commit iisnanobase nanoserveriis

Immutable
Disposable Container Pattern

Simplification of deployments via
automation

Jenkins
•Builds Docker
Image
Testing QA Production
Build Lifecycle

Powershell API
PS C:> Get-ContainerImage
Name Publisher Version IsOSImage
---- --------- ------- ---------
NanoServer CN=Microsoft 10.0.10584.1000 True
WindowsServerCore CN=Microsoft 10.0.10584.1000 True

PS C:> New-Container -ContainerImageName
WindowsServerCore -Name demo -
ContainerComputerName demo
Name State Uptime ParentImageName
---- ----- ------ ---------------
demo Off 00:00:00 WindowsServerCore

Persisting Data
> docker run –v <host-dir>:<container-dir> image
-v /opt/docker/elasticsearch:/data
-v /opt/docker/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
-v /docker/scrapbook/uploads:/app/public/uploads
-v $(PWD):/host
-v /var/log/syslog:/var/log/syslog

Users and Domains
• Local user accounts may be created and used for
running Windows services and applications in
containers
• Containers cannot join Active Directory domains,
and cannot run services or applications as
domain users, service accounts, or machine
accounts.
• "Microsoft are actively looking at solutions to
support these types of scenarios."

Docker Images will behave as expected
• Linux Manifest
• Windows Manifest
• ARM Manifest
• Future IoT thing Manifest
• docker pull redis
– Image pulled depends on Docker Engine

What’s happening under the
covers?

Linux / Windows
• Linux has cgroups and namespaces
– cgroups – How much access/resources do I have?
– namespaces – What can I see?
• Windows wanted this in the Kernel
• Prototype was called Drawbridge
• Server 2016 Kernel brings in the new
cgroups/namespaces
• Microsoft reached out to Docker to partner

Running Containers in
Production

Mesosphere DC/OS
Powering Azure Container Service

Host Fingerprinting
• Constraints based deployment
• Container is based on Nano Server, within
cluster, deploy to server capable of running
Nano Server (ie. Windows Server 2016)

Resources
• https://channel9.msdn.com/Blogs/containers
• https://aka.ms/containers

Summary
• Docker and Containers have changed how Linux
processes are managed
• Real container support coming to Windows
Kernel
• Automation will be easier
• Better ROI and cluster management

Thank you!
@Ben_Hall
Ben@BenHall.me.uk
Blog.BenHall.me.uk
www.Katacoda.com
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Deploying Windows Containers on Windows Server 2016

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